Spanish researchers’ opinions, attitudes and practices towards open access publishing

The open access (OA) movement has exploded in the last few years. In 2016 we invited 1,896 researchers based in Spanish institutions to fill in a survey on their opinion, attitudes and practices towards OA. We analysed the 554 responses received from researchers in all fields of knowledge (29% response ratio). Most researchers are aware of OA outlets in their fields (86%) and believe OA is beneficial (76%). There isn’t a clear position on the quality of OA journals among Spain-based researchers and there are differences between disciplines. Almost 70% of researchers have published at least one OA article in the last 5 years. Half of them had to pay article processing charges (APCs) that were covered with research funds

Las actividades terapéuticas en la asimilación de experiencias problemáticas: un estudio de caso

Este trabajo es una investigación de procesos que pretende estudiar el proceso del cambio en psicoterapia. Es una investigación de carácter cuantitativo y cualitativo, concretamente un estudio de caso. Así pues, lo primero que hemos delimitado es el tipo de investigación con el cual se iba a trabajar, la investigación de procesos. Pero antes hemos señalado en qué consiste la investigación de resultados. De este modo Greenberg y Pinsof (1986, p.5) definen este tipo de metodología como "el intento por determinar si el paciente ha mejorado de forma significativa, en el sentido estadístico, entre el comienzo y el final de la terapia". Es decir, tal y como sugieren Poch y Ávila (1998), los estudios de resultados comparan el estado inicial del paciente con el final, no interesa tanto saber cómo y porqué una intervención terapéutica ha influido sobre un paciente sino si dicho tratamiento ha provocado un cambio después de su aplicación. Si delimitamos en qué consiste la investigación de procesos hay que señalar que es una filosofía de investigación con los siguientes objetivos: describir, explicar y predecir los cambios en la terapia (Greenberg, 1986). "La investigación de procesos puede definirse como el estudio de la interacción entre los sistemas del paciente y del terapeuta. El objetivo de la investigación de tipo procesual consiste en identificar los procesos de cambio entre esos sistemas. La investigación de procesos cubre todas las conductas y experiencias de esos sistemas dentro y fuera de las 32 sesiones de tratamiento que pertenecen a los procesos de cambio"(Greenberg y Pinsoff, 1986, p.18). El marco teórico de un modo más específico se ha centrado en el Modelo de Asimilación de Experiencias Problemáticas de Stiles (1990, 1991). Stiles et al. (1990) plantean que el modelo de asimilación de experiencias problemáticas pretende superar la brecha existente entre proceso y resultado debida a la utilización de una escala temporal diferente, ya que el proceso terapéutico alude a los acontecimientos durante la sesión en una escala temporal de segundos o minutos y el resultado del tratamiento se ha evaluado en una escala de meses o de años (Stiles, 2006). Este modelo permite estudiar el proceso del cambio a través de cómo los pacientes asimilan una experiencia problemática. En concreto, una experiencia problemática surge a partir de dos voces discrepantes. Es decir, una voz no dominante entra en conflicto con la voz dominante ("nuestro modo habitual de sentir, pensar"). La asimilación supone el establecimiento de un diálogo entre ambas voces, un puente de significado. En la gran mayoría de investigaciones sobre el modelo de asimilación se ha puesto el foco en el cliente y cómo éste asimila una experiencia problemática. Nuestro interés se ha centrado en estudiar el papel del terapeuta en el proceso de asimilación, concretamente analizar las actividades terapéuticas. La principal conclusión es que el terapeuta utiliza, con mayor frecuencia, unas actividades terapéuticas u otras según el nivel APES o de asimilación en el que se encuentra la paciente

Estimación de estado con mediciones fasoriales sincronizadas

Tesis (Maestro en Ciencias de la Ingeniería Eléctrica con Especialidad en Potencia) U.A.N.L.UANLhttp://www.uanl.mx

Practical identification of cobalt-based blue pigments detecting the induced photoluminescence by a He-Ne laser using a Raman spectrometer

Since the early 19th century, the pigment historically known as cobalt blue has been one of the most widely used in artistic painting. Its many and excellent properties led to the rapid development of different synthesis processes for the pigments known today under the generic name of cobalt-based pigments. The differentiation and characterization of these pigments is often difficult, because many of them are made of the same raw materials, mainly cobalt oxides (or salts) and alumina (aluminum oxide), even when Raman spectroscopy is used. In this research, six cobalt-based trademark pigments and two chemically pure compounds, cobalt aluminate and calcined alumina, have been analyzed using a Raman spectrometer with a red He-Ne laser (632 nm) as the excitation source. It should be noted that only the Raman band around 517 cm−1 associated with the cobalt aluminate has been detected by the authors in cobalt based pigments with this configuration. In order to obtain additional information, a fundamental aim of this work has been to detect the photoluminescence (PL) emitted by the leftover of calcined alumina (α-alumina) in these compounds, particularly in the form of a strong doublet located at 1367 and 1396 cm−1. From an experimental point of view, it is remarkable that both Raman and PL information can be acquired within the same spectral range of the spectrometer. Additionally, the relationship between the intensities of the Raman band around 517 cm−1 and those of the doublet can be used as an indicator to estimate the quality of each pigment.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Substance abuse as a risk factor for criminal behavior: a systematic review

La delincuencia es un problema social que merece el estudio de sus causas para su prevención. A lo largo de la historia, se ha estudiado la asociación entre el consumo de sustancias y el crimen, aunque esta relación no está clara. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo conocer los últimos hallazgos relativos a la consideración del consumo como factor de riesgo para el delito. Se trata de una Revisión Sistemática de trabajos empíricos concernientes al estudio del consumo como posible factor de riesgo de desarrollo de conductas delictivas, publicados entre 2010 y 2015, en español, inglés y portugués. Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática en Scopus, PsycINFO, Medline y Psicodoc, se incluyeron treinta y dos estudios que se revisaron con una lista de comprobación de calidad de artículos epidemiológicos. Como resultados se indica que la mayoría de los trabajos incluidos se centraban en el consumo de alcohol, de cannabis o el policonsumo, y casi un 80 % coinciden en que el consumo representa un factor de riesgo en el desarrollo de ciertas tipologías delictivas. Como conclusión, conocer este factor de riesgo, podría utilizarse como medio de prevención. Finalmente, se destaca la posibilidad de sesgo de información.Delinquency is a social problem that deserves study to be prevented. Throughout history, the association between substance abuse and crime has been studied, although this relationship is unclear. The main aim of this paper is to present the latest findings concerning the consideration of substance use as a risk factor for crime. This paper is a systematic review of empirical studies regarding the study of substance as a possible risk factor for the development of criminal conduct, published between 2010 and 2015, in Spanish, English and Portuguese. A systematic search at Scopus, PsycINFO, Medline and Psicodoc was carried out, including a total of thirty-two studies reviewed with a checklist of the quality of epidemiological papers. The majority of papers focused on alcohol, cannabis or poly-drug use, and almost 80 % agree that consumption is a risk factor for the development of criminal behavior and some types of crimes. This review concludes that the knowledge that consumption represents a risk factor could be used as a means of prevention. The possibility of information bias limitation is highlighted

Morphology-based automated baseline removal for raman spectra of artistic pigments

The interpretation of a Raman spectrum is based on the identification of its characteristic molecular bands. However, the assignment of the vibrational modes is often compromised by the presence in the spectrum of an intense fluorescence background that covers the measured spectra. Several techniques have been employed to minimize the presence of this fluorescence in order to resolve and analyze Raman spectra. In this paper a new automated method for fluorescence subtraction is described, based on morphology operations. This method is compared with the most commonly used polynomial fitting methods. Results indicate that the proposed automated method is efficient in fluorescence subtraction and retains the line shapes and positions of the Raman bands in the spectra.Postprint (published version

The effect of temperature during culture enrichment on methanotrophic polyhydroxyalkanoate production

Producción CientíficaClimate change and plastic pollution are likely the most relevant environmental problems of the 21st Century. Thus, one of the most promising solutions to remedy both environmental problems simultaneously is the bioconversion of greenhouse gases, such as methane (CH4), into bioplastics (PHAs). However, the optimization of this bioconversion platform is still required to turn CH4 biotransformation into a cost-effective and cost-competitive process. In this context, the research presented here aimed at elucidating the best temperature culture conditions to enhance both PHA accumulation and methane degradation. Six different enrichments were carried out at 25, 30 and 37 °C using different inocula and methane as the only energy and carbon source. CH4 biodegradation rates, specific growth rates, PHA accumulations and the community structure were characterized. Higher temperatures (30 and 37 °C) increased the PHAs accumulation up to 30% regardless of the inoculum. Moreover, Methylocystis became the dominant genus (∼30% of the total population) regardless of the temperature and inoculum used. This research demonstrated for the first time the fundamental role of temperature in increasing both the accumulation of PHAs and methane abatement during the enrichment of PHA cell-factories from methane, thus enhancing the cost-effectiveness of the process.Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad, TheEuropean FEDER program and the European Commission (CTM2015-73228-JIN, H2020-MSCA-IF-2016: CH4BioVal-GA:750126 and Red NOVEDAR)

Participation in Everyday Activities of Children with and without Neurodevelopmental Disorders: A Cross-Sectional Study in Spain

[Abstract] Children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) often report significant difficulties performing activities of daily living (ADLs), which may restrict their daily participation. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in ADLs participation between children with NDDs and typically developing (TD) children, and to explore the associations between different daily participation contexts. A cross-sectional study was conducted that included twenty children with a medical diagnosis of an NDD and 26 sex- and age-matched TD controls. The daily participation across home, community, school, and instrumental living activities was measured using the Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP). The results show that children with NDDs engaged in lower participation in all CASP contexts (Δ = 1.7–5.5, p < 0.001) and had a significantly higher prevalence of moderate or severe restricted participation than their TD peers (OR = 23.4, 95% CI = 3.6–154.2, p < 0.001). Additionally, a strong association was found between the different contexts of participation (r = 0.642–0.856). Overall, the children with NDDs experienced significant participation restrictions on their daily activities. This study adds to the growing evidence showing that intervention strategies in this population should adopt a participation-oriented approach

Natural radiactivity from building materials in Spain

The industrial construction sector is very important in Spain. Building materials used in this industry are sources of radiation from natural radionuclides they contain. The European Commission published some recommendations to facilitate the trade of these materials in the E.U. The studies about this subject have increased notably during last years. This, probably, can be associated with the increase interest from natural radiation radiological risk on indoor exposure.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech. Consejo de Seguridad Nuclear. CSN-201