11 research outputs found
Plant or fungal sequences? An alternative optimized PCR protocol to avoid ITS (nrDNA) misamplification
Inovação para um Sistemas Industrial: Interação Universidade-Indústria / Innovation for an Industrial System: University-Industry Interaction
Este trabalho, promove a interação Universidade-Indústria e evidencia a importância de incentivos à inovação. Unindo a academia e centro de pesquisa, paralelamente, às empresas e a otimização de seus produtos. Este trabalho, que parte da investigação da utilização do uso industrial de sistemas de transporte pneumático, especialmente para manuseio de materiais em pó e granulados. Especificamente investigado aqui, o modo de transporte em fase densa. Um processo de deslocamento de materiais altamente difundido na indústria, utilizando-se comumentemente de vasos de pressões que possuem alta complexibilidade de projeto, tornando o seu custo de instalação elevado. Desenvolver e pesquisar o aumento de eficiência energética por meio das tecnologias, é o que conduz este trabalho. Aqui são apresentados os resultados preliminares do desenvolvimento de um protótipo de equipamento industrial, projetado para atuar como alimentador de sólidos particulados, tendo como principais características, a hipótese de, com baixa complexidade, ditar a taxa de transporte a partir do controle de tempo da abertura das válvulas de dosagem. Para a validação dos testes deste protótipo, utilizou como amostra de transporte, o material Alumina em estado de pó, e fixando o tempo de dosagem, impôs uma duração para os ciclos de transporte. O valor máximo de taxa de transporte obtido nos parâmetros de teste foi de 2,25t/h para um transporte com 45s de imposição de duração de ciclo em uma linha de transporte com 130m de extensão, e diâmetro de tubulação de 3”. O estudo se denota uma viável oportunidade de pesquisa e desenvolvimento para validação do modelo experimental, junto a Universidade e a empresa, um esforço a inovação
Diagnóstico administrativo das micro, pequenas e médias empresas de Santa Maria
A grande competição imposta às empresas em função da globalização faz com que, cada vez mais,exista a necessidade de profissionalização e utilização de instrumentos apropriados para planejar, coordenar,dirigir e controlar as organizações. Neste sentido, o problema norteador da pesquisa buscou verificarquais os principais problemas organizacionais, referentes ao nível de formalização estrutural-funcional dasmicro, pequenas e médias empresas de Santa Maria em seus desafios e oportunidades. A coleta de dadosfoi realizada através de pesquisa descritiva em todas as empresas localizadas na zona oeste de SantaMaria. O problema da pesquisa foi respondido e verificou-se uma grande carência das empresas emtermos de profissionalização de suas atividades no tocante à gestão administrativa.Palavras - chave: diagnóstico, empresas, problemas organizacionais
Decline in subarachnoid haemorrhage volumes associated with the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic
BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, decreased volumes of stroke admissions and mechanical thrombectomy were reported. The study\u27s objective was to examine whether subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions demonstrated similar declines.
METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study across 6 continents, 37 countries and 140 comprehensive stroke centres. Patients with the diagnosis of SAH, aneurysmal SAH, ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions and COVID-19 were identified by prospective aneurysm databases or by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes. The 3-month cumulative volume, monthly volumes for SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling procedures were compared for the period before (1 year and immediately before) and during the pandemic, defined as 1 March-31 May 2020. The prior 1-year control period (1 March-31 May 2019) was obtained to account for seasonal variation.
FINDINGS: There was a significant decline in SAH hospitalisations, with 2044 admissions in the 3 months immediately before and 1585 admissions during the pandemic, representing a relative decline of 22.5% (95% CI -24.3% to -20.7%, p\u3c0.0001). Embolisation of ruptured aneurysms declined with 1170-1035 procedures, respectively, representing an 11.5% (95%CI -13.5% to -9.8%, p=0.002) relative drop. Subgroup analysis was noted for aneurysmal SAH hospitalisation decline from 834 to 626 hospitalisations, a 24.9% relative decline (95% CI -28.0% to -22.1%, p\u3c0.0001). A relative increase in ruptured aneurysm coiling was noted in low coiling volume hospitals of 41.1% (95% CI 32.3% to 50.6%, p=0.008) despite a decrease in SAH admissions in this tertile.
INTERPRETATION: There was a relative decrease in the volume of SAH hospitalisations, aneurysmal SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm embolisations during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings in SAH are consistent with a decrease in other emergencies, such as stroke and myocardial infarction
Architecture for data integration and analysis based on the Industry 4.0 Standard.
A Indústria 4.0 caracteriza o fenômeno de transformação tecnológica que vem sendo observado desde a última década e que visa a realização da Fábrica Inteligente. É marcada por serviços e processos inteligentes, que se adaptam rapidamente às demandas do mercado e que estabelecem efetiva interconexão entre todas as entidades envolvidas nesses processos. Diretrizes foram propostas para a integração das tecnologias digitais que servem como base para a Indústria 4.0, a fim de promover uma compreensão comum acerca deste fenômeno, contemplar seus principais aspectos e garantir a interoperabilidade entre sistemas. Os dados se mostram um recurso fundamental para a Indústria 4.0 que, por consequência, tem como um pilar tecnológico as tecnologias e métodos compreendidos pelo termo Big Data & Analytics. Por esta razão, traçar estratégias para a gestão e análise de dados no contexto em questão é essencial para a implementação da Fábrica Inteligente. O presente trabalho apresenta uma proposta de arquitetura para integração e análise de dados, levando em conta as diretrizes propostas para a Indústria 4.0. Entre estas diretrizes, destaca-se neste trabalho o Modelo de Arquitetura de Referência da Indústria 4.0 (RAMI 4.0), uma proposta de modelo de arquitetura de sistemas que busca contemplar as principais funcionalidades da Indústria 4.0; e o Asset Administration Shell, um formato padronizado de representação de artefatos no mundo virtual. O trabalho traz como contribuições: a caracterização dos dados na Indústria 4.0; a identificação de modelos de dados lógicos adequados para diferentes cenários dentro deste contexto; possíveis aplicações industriais de aprendizado de máquina como forma de se extrair valor a partir dos dados; e, como contribuição principal, uma proposta de arquitetura para integração e análise de dados baseada em sistemas de Data Warehouse. Por fim, apresenta-se o mapeamento da proposta de arquitetura em um caso real a fim de exemplificar as contribuições deste trabalho.Industry 4.0 characterizes the phenomenon of technological transformation that has been observed over the last decade and that aims to achieve the Smart Factory. It is denoted by intelligent services and productive processes that quickly adapt to market demands and establish an effective interconnection between all entities involved. Guidelines were proposed for integrating digital technologies that constitute the basis for Industry 4.0 to promote a common understanding of this phenomenon, encompass its main aspects, and ensure interoperability between systems. Data is a fundamental resource for Industry 4.0 so technologies and methods covered by the term Big Data & Analytics emerge as a technological pillar for this phenomenon. For this reason, devising strategies for data management and analysis in the context of Industry 4.0 is fundamental for implementing the Smart Factory. Among these guidelines, the following stand out in this work: The Reference Architecture Model of Industry 4.0, a system architecture model proposal that seeks to cover the main features of Industry 4.0; and the Asset Administration Shell, a standardized format for representing artifacts in the virtual world. This work presents a literature review on topics relevant to data management and analysis in the Industry 4.0 context, as well as a description of this phenomenon including the guidelines and standards proposed for it. The work provides as contributions: the characterization of data in Industry 4.0; identification of logical data models suitable for different scenarios within this context; possible industrial applications of machine learning as a way to extract value from data; and an architecture proposal for data integration and analysis based on data warehouse systems as its main contribution. Finally, the mapping of the architectural proposal in a real case is presented in order to exemplify the contributions of this work
SQL and NoSQL Databases in the Context of Industry 4.0
The data-oriented paradigm has proven to be fundamental for the technological transformation process that characterizes Industry 4.0 (I4.0) so that big data and analytics is considered a technological pillar of this process. The goal of I4.0 is the implementation of the so-called Smart Factory, characterized by Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) that overcome traditional manufacturing systems in terms of efficiency, flexibility, level of integration, digitalization, and intelligence. The literature reports a series of system architecture proposals for IMS, which are primarily data driven. Many of these proposals treat data storage solutions as mere entities that support the architecture’s functionalities. However, choosing which logical data model to use can significantly affect the performance of the IMS. This work identifies the advantages and disadvantages of relational (SQL) and non-relational (NoSQL) data models for I4.0, considering the nature of the data in this process. The characterization of data in the context of I4.0 is based on the five dimensions of big data and a standardized format for representing information of assets in the virtual world, the Asset Administration Shell. This work allows identifying appropriate transactional properties and logical data models according to the volume, variety, velocity, veracity, and value of the data. In this way, it is possible to describe the suitability of relational and NoSQL databases for different scenarios within I4.0
Plant or fungal sequences? An alternative optimized PCR protocol to avoid ITS (nrDNA) misamplification
Os espaçadores internos transcritos do DNA nuclear ribossomal (ITS1 e ITS2) de folhas de Drosera (Droseraceae) foram amplificados com o emprego de iniciadores universais. A análise demonstrou que a maior parte das amostras continha uma mistura resultante de amplificações não-específicas. Dentre as sequências de DNA obtidas, duas delas foram de fungos basidiomicetos. Sequências homólogas foram obtidas do GenBank e analisadas junto às sequências obtidas de folhas de Drosera. Através das análises filogenéticas de máxima parcimônia foi possível identificar uma seqüência como sendo de um Ustilaginomycetes e outra de Heterobasidiomycetes (Basidiomycota). Possivelmente esses organismos estavam associados às folhas de Drosera e assim não sejam resultantes de contaminação. Com o objetivo de otimizar e buscar uma melhor especificidade das reações de PCR, um protocolo bem sucedido foi demonstrado com o uso de dimetilsulfóxido (DMSO) e soroalbumina bovina (BSA).The nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) from leaves of Drosera (Droseraceae) were amplified using universal primers. The analysis of the products demonstrated most samples were a molecular mixture as a result of unsuccessful and non-specific amplifications. Among the obtained sequences, two were from Basidiomycota fungi. Homologous sequences of Basidiomycota were obtained from GenBank database and added to a data set with sequences from Drosera leaves. Parsimony analysis demonstrated that one sequence was amplified from an Ustilaginomycetes fungus, and another from a Heterobasidiomycetes. Possibly these fungi were associated to leaves of Drosera, and not because of samples contamination. In order to provide optimization and a better specificity of PCR (polymerase chain reaction), a very successful method was demonstrated using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and bovine serum albumin (BSA) in reactions.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP
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Decline in subarachnoid haemorrhage volumes associated with the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.
BackgroundDuring the COVID-19 pandemic, decreased volumes of stroke admissions and mechanical thrombectomy were reported. The study's objective was to examine whether subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions demonstrated similar declines.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective, observational study across 6 continents, 37 countries and 140 comprehensive stroke centres. Patients with the diagnosis of SAH, aneurysmal SAH, ruptured aneurysm coiling interventions and COVID-19 were identified by prospective aneurysm databases or by International Classification of Diseases, 10th Revision, codes. The 3-month cumulative volume, monthly volumes for SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm coiling procedures were compared for the period before (1 year and immediately before) and during the pandemic, defined as 1 March-31 May 2020. The prior 1-year control period (1 March-31 May 2019) was obtained to account for seasonal variation.FindingsThere was a significant decline in SAH hospitalisations, with 2044 admissions in the 3 months immediately before and 1585 admissions during the pandemic, representing a relative decline of 22.5% (95% CI -24.3% to -20.7%, p<0.0001). Embolisation of ruptured aneurysms declined with 1170-1035 procedures, respectively, representing an 11.5% (95%CI -13.5% to -9.8%, p=0.002) relative drop. Subgroup analysis was noted for aneurysmal SAH hospitalisation decline from 834 to 626 hospitalisations, a 24.9% relative decline (95% CI -28.0% to -22.1%, p<0.0001). A relative increase in ruptured aneurysm coiling was noted in low coiling volume hospitals of 41.1% (95% CI 32.3% to 50.6%, p=0.008) despite a decrease in SAH admissions in this tertile.InterpretationThere was a relative decrease in the volume of SAH hospitalisations, aneurysmal SAH hospitalisations and ruptured aneurysm embolisations during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings in SAH are consistent with a decrease in other emergencies, such as stroke and myocardial infarction