Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in Investigating Consumption Behavior in Vietnam

This study explored the consumer behavior based on TPB model in Vietnam. The hypotheses are empirically tested using survey data obtained from consumer who purchased green products of household appliances in Hanoi– the capital of Vietnam. During the study, the research team added the “trend” variable which is a characteristic variable in Vietnam. The results of the multiple regression analysis show that attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, trend have significant and positive effect on household appliances product. The research findings are discussed and implications for government, manufacturing businesses, retail businesses to embrace green consumption behavior Keywords: Consumption Behavior; Vietnam; TPB; Household appliances DOI: 10.7176/EJBM/12-18-16 Publication date:June 30th 202

FIRST RECORD OF CANTHARELLUS MINOR IN VIETNAM

This species of mushroom with orange fruiting bodies and yellow flesh grows in clumps on the forest land in the coordinates 11o56'34.45" N, 108o28'33.56" E in the pine (Pinus kesiya) forest, Da Lat City, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. The results of analysis on the morphology, both macro- and micro-morphological characteristics of this mushroom showed that, pileus: 5-15 mm wide, infundibuliform; yellowish to orange; margin incurred, wavy-liked margin, non-striate; Pileus surface: smooth, scaleless, yellowish; Lamellae: distant, decurrent, not intervenose, concolorous to pileus; Context: concolourous to the pileus, slight sweetness, aromatic flavor; Stipe: cylindrical shape, surface smooth, concolourous to pileus, 1-2 mm diameter, 20-50 mm length; Basidiospores: 6-11.5 x 4-6.5 μm, ovoid-ellipsoid with smooth surface; Basidia: 65 x 10 μm, cornuted 4-6 spores per basidium. Phylogenetic analysis of nrLSU sequence yielded consistent topology in different taxa of Cantharellus. The phylogenetic position of XC02 was obtained and accepted at sub-generic level: subgenus Parvocantharellus. This clade was suggested to be monophyletic, and separated from other sub-generic levels. Morphologically phylogenetically distinct from the other species of clade 4, such as C. appalachiensis, C. tabernensis, C. aff. Congolensis. The highly supported monophyletic group with referent Cantharellus minor was obtained with the bootstrap value of 99, indicated that XC02 was significant closely to Cantharellus minor. Phylogenetic of nrLSU analysis revealed clades with statistical support corresponding to morphological observation, thus, XC2 was concluded as Cantharellus minor

Host Transcription Profile in Nasal Epithelium and Whole Blood of Hospitalized Children Under 2 Years of Age With Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection.

BACKGROUND: Most insights into the cascade of immune events after acute respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection have been obtained from animal experiments or in vitro models. METHODS: In this study, we investigated host gene expression profiles in nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs and whole blood samples during natural RSV and rhinovirus (hRV) infection (acute versus early recovery phase) in 83 hospitalized patients <2 years old with lower respiratory tract infections. RESULTS: Respiratory syncytial virus infection induced strong and persistent innate immune responses including interferon signaling and pathways related to chemokine/cytokine signaling in both compartments. Interferon-α/β, NOTCH1 signaling pathways and potential biomarkers HIST1H4E, IL7R, ISG15 in NP samples, or BCL6, HIST2H2AC, CCNA1 in blood are leading pathways and hub genes that were associated with both RSV load and severity. The observed RSV-induced gene expression patterns did not differ significantly in NP swab and blood specimens. In contrast, hRV infection did not as strongly induce expression of innate immunity pathways, and significant differences were observed between NP swab and blood specimens. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that RSV induced strong and persistent innate immune responses and that RSV severity may be related to development of T follicular helper cells and antiviral inflammatory sequelae derived from high activation of BCL6

Safety and efficacy of fluoxetine on functional outcome after acute stroke (AFFINITY): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Background Trials of fluoxetine for recovery after stroke report conflicting results. The Assessment oF FluoxetINe In sTroke recoverY (AFFINITY) trial aimed to show if daily oral fluoxetine for 6 months after stroke improves functional outcome in an ethnically diverse population. Methods AFFINITY was a randomised, parallel-group, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial done in 43 hospital stroke units in Australia (n=29), New Zealand (four), and Vietnam (ten). Eligible patients were adults (aged ≥18 years) with a clinical diagnosis of acute stroke in the previous 2–15 days, brain imaging consistent with ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke, and a persisting neurological deficit that produced a modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score of 1 or more. Patients were randomly assigned 1:1 via a web-based system using a minimisation algorithm to once daily, oral fluoxetine 20 mg capsules or matching placebo for 6 months. Patients, carers, investigators, and outcome assessors were masked to the treatment allocation. The primary outcome was functional status, measured by the mRS, at 6 months. The primary analysis was an ordinal logistic regression of the mRS at 6 months, adjusted for minimisation variables. Primary and safety analyses were done according to the patient's treatment allocation. The trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12611000774921. Findings Between Jan 11, 2013, and June 30, 2019, 1280 patients were recruited in Australia (n=532), New Zealand (n=42), and Vietnam (n=706), of whom 642 were randomly assigned to fluoxetine and 638 were randomly assigned to placebo. Mean duration of trial treatment was 167 days (SD 48·1). At 6 months, mRS data were available in 624 (97%) patients in the fluoxetine group and 632 (99%) in the placebo group. The distribution of mRS categories was similar in the fluoxetine and placebo groups (adjusted common odds ratio 0·94, 95% CI 0·76–1·15; p=0·53). Compared with patients in the placebo group, patients in the fluoxetine group had more falls (20 [3%] vs seven [1%]; p=0·018), bone fractures (19 [3%] vs six [1%]; p=0·014), and epileptic seizures (ten [2%] vs two [<1%]; p=0·038) at 6 months. Interpretation Oral fluoxetine 20 mg daily for 6 months after acute stroke did not improve functional outcome and increased the risk of falls, bone fractures, and epileptic seizures. These results do not support the use of fluoxetine to improve functional outcome after stroke

Food poisoning: A case study in Vietnam

Background and aim: In Vietnam, some foods may lead to poisoning for consumers. This study was conducted to describe poisoning cases from unhealthy food in Vietnam from March 2020 to August 2022. Method: Seven popular Vietnamese online newspapers were chosen through the purposive sampling method. The keyword “poisoning” was used to data searching. Results: We recorded 184 articles that report food poisoning through data searching. In those 184 articles, there were 3711 people with food poisoning, equivalent to 3711 food poisoning cases. Some types of food had been reported poisoning such as mushrooms, toads, alcohol, insects e.g. Vietnam's two big cities and economic hubs, had recorded the most incidents of food poisonings. There was no specific rule on the number of food poisoning cases during the study time. The greatest number of food poisoning in July 2020 (566 cases), followed by September 2020 (445 cases), and June 2020 (336 cases). Conclusion: The number of the food poisoning case in Vietnam seems to be depended on each region and time of year. Our research is a useful reference for studies with a broader scale and a richer participant in the future

Nutritional status and related factors in Vietnamese students in 2022

Summary: Background and aims: This work aims to investigate the nutritional status and to find out several related factors among Vietnamese students in 2022. Methods: A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted on 835 students. Participants were asked to fill in a questionnaire to collect their social-demographic information, as well as information about their height, weight, waist, and hip circumference, eating habits, and physical activity habits. Descriptive statistics and analytical statistics were performed, with P<0.05 as the statistically significant difference. Results: 99.16% of study subjects were under 21 years old, and the vast majority were female (75.09%). The prevalence of overweight and obesity was 3.23% and 0.72%, respectively, while the figure for both thinness and severe thinness was 27.67%. Most of the students were at a low level of health risk (71.26%), while this figure for high risk of health was 17.37% based on the waist-hip ratio (WHR). The prevalence of moderate and high levels of health risk in females was statistically higher than in males. Self-rated weight, insufficient sleep duration, and physical activity patterns were factors related to both BMI and WHR. Moreover, several types of foods and eating habits also affected BMI among students. Conclusion: The nutritional status and several eating habits as well as activity habits were statistically different between males and females among Vietnamese students. Students' knowledge about nutrition should be elevated to enhance their behavior to their health

Factors associated with nicotine dependence during methadone maintenance treatment: findings from a multisite survey in Vietnam

Objectives: Smoking is associated with adverse health outcomes among drug users, including those in treatment. To date, however, there has been little evidence about smoking patterns among people receiving opioid-dependence treatment in developing countries. We examined self-reported nicotine dependence and associated factors in a large sample of opioid-dependent patients receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) in northern Vietnam. Setting: Five clinics in Hanoi (urban area) and Nam Dinh (rural area). Participants: Patients receiving MMT in the settings during the study period. Primary and secondary outcome measures: We collected data about smoking patterns, levels of nicotine dependence and other covariates such as socioeconomic status, health status, alcohol use and drug use. The Fagerström test was used to measure nicotine dependence (FTND). Logistic regression and Tobit regression were employed to examine relationships between the smoking rate, nicotine dependence and potentially associated variables. Results: Among 1016 drug users undergoing MMT (98.7% male), 87.2% were current smokers. The mean FTND score was 4.5 (SD 2.4). Longer duration of MMT (OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.96 to 0.99) and being HIV-positive (OR 0.46, 95% CI 0.24 to 0.88) were associated with lower likelihood of smoking. Being employed, older age at first drug injection and having long duration of MMT were inversely related with FTND scores. Higher age and continuing drug and alcohol use were significantly associated with higher FTND scores. Conclusion: Smoking prevalence is high among methadone maintenance drug users. Enhanced smoking cessation support should be integrated into MMT programmes in order to reduce risk factors for cigarette smoking and improve the health and well-being of people recovering from opiate dependence