Drivers for spatial modelling of a critically endangered seabird on a dynamic ocean area: Balearic shearwaters are non-vegetarian

1. Spatial modelling is an important research tool to improve our knowledge about the distribution of wildlife in the ocean. Using different modelling techniques (MaxEnt and a generalized linear mixed model), a predictive habitat suitability model was developed for one of the most threatened seabirds in the world: the Balearic shearwater, Puffinus mauretanicus. 2. Models were developed using a 10-year dataset from the Gulf of Cádiz (on the south-western Iberian Peninsula), a key foraging area for Balearic shearwaters during migration and the non-breeding season. 3. Predictive habitat maps strongly matched the observed distribution patterns, pointing to bathymetric features as the main modelling drivers. The species was concentrated on shallow areas (up to approximately 100 m in depth) of the continental shelf, very close to the mouth of the Guadalquivir River. In contrast with previous studies, Balearic shearwater distribution in the highly dynamic Gulf of Cádiz was not correlated with areas of high chlorophyll a concentration. 4. This lack of spatial correlation probably arises from the delay between the phytoplankton bloom and the response of the zooplankton and small fish that are preyed upon by Balearic shearwaters, which may result in important displacements of this trophic chain across the Gulf of Cádiz. 5. The analysis presented contributes to a better understanding of the spatial distribution and ecology of the critically endangered top predator in the Gulf of Cádiz and offers important information to improve management plans.Versión del editor1,92

Estudio experimental de un proceso de inyección continua de vapor en el equipo de desplazamiento radial

El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una metodología que permita reproducir a escala de laboratorio el proceso de recobro térmico denominado inyección continua de vapor utilizando el equipo de desplazamiento radial E.D.R Para el desarrollo de este proyecto se llevaron a cabo 4 fases de experimentación que integradas contribuyeron al desarrollo de la prueba de inyección continua de vapor a escala de laboratorio. En la primera parte de este trabajo se procedió a la construcción de plugs sintéticos para el análisis y determinación de las variables más infuyentes para su construcción y la posterior determinación de las propiedades petrofísicas básicas. Posteriormente se desarrollaron una serie de pruebas preliminares de inyección de vapor utilizando los plugs construidos con el fn de identifcar y seleccionar los parámetros operacionales óptimos del equipo generador de vapor.Posteriormente se procedió con la construcción del medio poroso homogéneo el cual representa un cuarto de patrón de yacimiento y constituye el modelo físico en el que se realizará la prueba de desplazamiento utilizando vapor, también se añade un procedimiento técnico para la ejecución de pruebas de inyección continua de vapor utilizando el equipo de desplazamiento radial (E.D.R.) y se incluyen los resultados fnales de la prueba realizada. Finalmente se presenta el  desarrollo del modelo analítico utilizado para representar el proceso de inyección continua de vapor y posteriormente la construcción y ejecución del modelo de simulación numérica a condiciones de laboratorio. De la misma manera se incluye la comparación y el análisis de los resultados de los tres modelos utilizados para el desarrollo de este proyecto.  The objective of this article is to present a methodology to reproduce the thermal enhanced oil recovery process called steamfooding, at laboratory scale, using the radial displacement equipment. For the development of this project were conducted four stages of experimentation; all of them integrated contributed to the design of the steamfooding test at laboratory scale. The frst stage of the process consist on the construction of synthetic plugs for analyzing and determining the most important variables in the process and the basic petro physical properties. Subsequently, were developed a series of preliminary steamfooding tests with the plugs previously built, with the purpose of determining the optimum operational parameters of the steam generator equipment.  Later, the homogeneous porous media was buildt; it represents the fourth part of a reservoir pattern, this constitute he physical model in which the displacement test with steam will be done, it is also presented the technical procedure for the steamfooding tests using the Radial Displacement Equipment (E.D.R) and the fnal results of the est developed. Finally is presented the development of the analytical model used for predicting and representing a steamfooding process and the subsequent execution of the numerical simulation model at laboratory conditions. Alike is included the results analysis and comparison between the three models used for the development of this project

Echo-character mapping of the Galician Continental Margin and the adjacent abyssal plains

La cartografía y análisis de las facies acústicas que se determinan a partir de la interpretación y correlación de los perfiles sísmicos de muy alta resolución, es una herramienta muy útil para la caracterización de los procesos sedimentarios recientes y su distribución en ambientes marinos profundos. Este trabajo presenta el primer mapa de ecocarácter del Margen Continental de Galicia y las llanuras abisales adyacentes. El mapa se realizó sobre la base del análisis e interpretación de los datos de batimetría y reflectividad de las ecosondas multihaz SIMRAD EM12, EM120 y EM1002, y los perfiles sísmicos de muy alta resolución de la ecosonda paramétrica SIMRAD TOPAS PS18. Sobre la base de la morfología del fondo marino, la reflectividad y los caracteres del eco acústico, se identificaron 26 tipos de ecos en la secuencia sedimentaria más superficial. Estos tipos de eco se han clasificado en cuatro grupos principales: bien definidos, irregulares, hiperbólicos y ondulados. Esta información ha sido adquirida en el marco del ‘Programa de Investigación Científica de la Zona Económica Exclusiva Española’, coordinado por el Ministerio de Defensa, durante las campañas oceanográficas que se han realizado a bordo del BIO Hespérides del 2001 a 2003 y del 2006 a 2009.The acoustic facies mapping and analyses from the interpretation and correlation of very high resolution seis- mic profiles, is a very useful tool for the characterization of the recent sedimentary processes and their distribution in the deep-sea environments. This work presents the first echo-character map of the Galicia Continental Margin and the adjacent abyssal plains. The map was carried out on the basis of the analysis and interpretation of the bathymetry and reflectivity data from the SIMRAD EM12, EM120 and EM1002 multibeam echosounders, and the high resolution seismic profiles from the SIMRAD TOPAS PS18 parametric echosounder. Based on the seafloor morphology, backscatter and acoustic echo-characters, 26 echo types were identified in the uppermost sedimentary sequence. These echo-types have been classified into four main groups: Distinct, Irregular, Hyperbolic and Undulated echoes. This information has been acquired in the framework of the ‘Scientific Research Program of the Economic Exclusive Zone of Spain’, which is coordinated by the Defense Ministry, during the oceanographic cruises carried out on board of the R/V Hesperides in 2001 to 2003 and 2006 to 2009.Depto. de Geodinámica, Estratigrafía y PaleontologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN)Instituto Geológico y Minero de Españapu

Guía de práctica clínica para la prevención, diagnóstico, tratamiento y rehabilitación de la falla cardiaca en población mayor de 18 años, clasificación B, C y D

La falla cardíaca es un síndrome clínico caracterizado por síntomas y signos típicos de insuficiencia cardíaca, adicional a la evidencia objetiva de una anomalía estructural o funcional del corazón. Guía completa 2016. Guía No. 53Población mayor de 18 añosN/

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Autoantibodies against type I IFNs in patients with critical influenza pneumonia

In an international cohort of 279 patients with hypoxemic influenza pneumonia, we identified 13 patients (4.6%) with autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha and/or -omega, which were previously reported to underlie 15% cases of life-threatening COVID-19 pneumonia and one third of severe adverse reactions to live-attenuated yellow fever vaccine. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I interferons (IFNs) can underlie critical COVID-19 pneumonia and yellow fever vaccine disease. We report here on 13 patients harboring autoantibodies neutralizing IFN-alpha 2 alone (five patients) or with IFN-omega (eight patients) from a cohort of 279 patients (4.7%) aged 6-73 yr with critical influenza pneumonia. Nine and four patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-alpha 2, and six and two patients had antibodies neutralizing high and low concentrations, respectively, of IFN-omega. The patients' autoantibodies increased influenza A virus replication in both A549 cells and reconstituted human airway epithelia. The prevalence of these antibodies was significantly higher than that in the general population for patients 70 yr of age (3.1 vs. 4.4%, P = 0.68). The risk of critical influenza was highest in patients with antibodies neutralizing high concentrations of both IFN-alpha 2 and IFN-omega (OR = 11.7, P = 1.3 x 10(-5)), especially those <70 yr old (OR = 139.9, P = 3.1 x 10(-10)). We also identified 10 patients in additional influenza patient cohorts. Autoantibodies neutralizing type I IFNs account for similar to 5% of cases of life-threatening influenza pneumonia in patients <70 yr old