The NAD(P)H oxidase homolog Nox4 modulates insulin-stimulated generation of H\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e0\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e and plays an integral role in insulin signal transduction

Insulin stimulation of target cells elicits a burst of H2O2 that enhances tyrosine phosphorylation of the insulin receptor and its cellular substrate proteins as well as distal signaling events in the insulin action cascade. The molecular mechanism coupling the insulin receptor with the cellular oxidant-generating apparatus has not been elucidated. Using reverse transcription-PCR and Northern blot analyses, we found that Nox4, a homolog of gp91phox, the phagocytic NAD(P)H oxidase catalytic subunit, is prominently expressed in insulin-sensitive adipose cells. Adenovirus-mediated expression of Nox4 deletion constructs lacking NAD(P)H or FAD/NAD(P)H cofactor binding domains acted in a dominant-negative fashion in differentiated 3T3-L1 adipocytes and attenuated insulin-stimulated H2O2 generation, insulin receptor (IR) and IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation, activation of downstream serine kinases, and glucose uptake. Transfection of specific small interfering RNA oligonucleotides reduced Nox4 protein abundance and also inhibited the insulin signaling cascade. Overexpression of Nox4 also significantly reversed the inhibition of insulin-stimulated IR tyrosine phosphorylation induced by coexpression of PTP1B by inhibiting PTP1B catalytic activity. These data suggest that Nox4 provides a novel link between the IR and the generation of cellular reactive oxygen species that enhance insulin signal transduction, at least in part via the oxidative inhibition of cellular protein-tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases), including PTP1B, a PTPase that has been previously implicated in the regulation of insulin action

Cloning, expression and purification of cold adapted acetate kinase from Shewanella species AS-11

A psychrotrophic bacterium, Shewanella sp. AS-11 was isolated from a buccinid (shell) Neobuccinum living in the Antarctic ice-covered sea. An open reading frame of 1203 bp, coding for acetate kinase gene, called ack, was amplified, cloned into the expression vector, pETY-16b, and the enzyme was overproduced by using T7 system in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). After extraction of crude recombinant acetate kinase, the desired enzyme was able to be purified on a Blue Sepharose CL-6B and Super-Q affinity column chromatography. The molecular mass of the enzyme is about 86 kDa, which is associated with two monomers. In respect of pH, the enzyme was stable between 6 to 8 and maximum activity was obtained at 7.5. The purified enzyme was stable at 30°C but ligand bound enzyme was stable at 40°C. The structural comparison to mesophilic and thermophilic acetate kinases demonstrates that the psychrophilic one contains lower number of salt bridges and cation-pi interaction. So, it can be suggested that the enzyme is cold adapted with thermolabile and flexible structure.Keywords: Acetate kinase, thermolabile, cold adapted, flexible, activityAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 11(29), pp. 7454-7463, 10 April, 201

Centro Esportivo UFT: o esporte como elo entre universidade e sociedade

N/CA prática, o incentivo e a valorização do esporte dentro da universidade e da sociedade estão diretamente relacionados à disponibilidade de espaços esportivos e sua qualidade. O trabalho em questão tem como objetivo propor um centro de práticas esportivas para a Universidade Federal do Tocantins (UFT). Pesquisas bibliográficas, estudos correlatos, questionário e análises estatísticas colaboram na realização do projeto e auxiliam na corroboração da demanda existente. Através da proposta de uma instalação esportiva no campus de Palmas, pretende-se promover, além do esporte em si, uma relação entre alunos e comunidade externa para com o contexto universitário, buscando o reconhecimento do papel social da instituição perante a sociedade

Crenças e ações dos alunos formandos sobre a disciplina Estágio Supervisionado em Língua Japonesa 2 e a expectativa futura profissional

Trabalho de Conclusão de Curso (graduação)—Universidade de Brasília, Instituto de Letras, Departamento de Línguas Estrangeiras e Tradução, 2017.A presente pesquisa foi realizada em uma turma de estudantes de língua japonesa que cursam Letras-Japonês e atuam como professores na disciplina Estágio Supervisionado em Japonês 02, em uma universidade pública do Distrito Federal. Os objetivos desta pesquisa foram a identificação das crenças e das ações destes participantes em relação a esta disciplina como professor em formação e suas expectativas futuras profissionais. Para isto, nos baseamos nos seguintes autores que tem pesquisas relacionadas às crenças: Barcelos (2001, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2011), Feijó (2010), Mukai e Conceição (2012), Mukai (2014, 2016), Vieira-Abrahão (2004, 2006) e relacionadas às expectativas: Figueiredo e Sabota (2016) e Santos (2004). Esta pesquisa foi conduzida pelo método qualitativo, apresenta natureza descritiva e interpretativista e é caracterizada como estudo de caso. Primeiro foi aplicado um questionário semiaberto, em seguida, análise do resultado dos questionários, delimitamos nosso grupo focal e passamos a entrevista semiestruturada. Em seguida, foram feitas as observações de aula com notas de campo e as análises documentais para a triangulação dos resultados. Os resultados sugerem que as ações dos participantes (no papel de professor), tais como sua postura em sala de aula e relação com os estudantes são influenciadas por suas crenças de como o professor deve se portar em sala de aula, e também sobre a importância de saber lecionar, além de ter competência linguística para dar aula. Identificamos as expectativas dos participantes e o quanto a disciplina ESJ2 influenciou na perspectiva de se tornar professor de língua japonesa.This research was developed with a group of trainee students preparing to become teachers of Japanese at the Japanese internship course in a public university in Brasilia - DF. The main purpose of this research was to identify the beliefs and the behaves that correlate with their expectations about the future as teachers of Japanese. In addition, in order to reach that goal we started our research with the reading of withers such as Barcelos (2001, 2004, 2006, 2007, 2011), Feijó (2010), Mukai & Conception (2012), Mukai (2014, 2016) -Abraham (2004, 2006). Finnaly Figueiredo & Sabota (2016) and Santos (2004) for researches related to students expectation. This research was conducted through the qualitative method, the data was observed with a descriptive and interpretativist approach, and is considered as a case study. The first part of the data analysis was the application of the semi open questionnaire next we delimited our research group and proceeded to a semi-structured interview. In the end we observed classes for the students for the researched group and started to the data triangulation. The analyzed data suggests the behaves related to their beliefs related to the expectation as a teacher, their relationship with students and the need of learning as a teacher and trough the language. Finally we analyzed their expectations across the course and how this can be related to their expectations about the future

3-O-Methylfunicone, a Selective Inhibitor of Mammalian Y-Family DNA Polymerases from an Australian Sea Salt Fungal Strain

We isolated a pol inhibitor from the cultured mycelia extract of a fungal strain isolated from natural salt from a sea salt pan in Australia, which was identified as 3-O-methylfunicone by spectroscopic analyses. This compound selectively inhibited the activities of mammalian Y-family DNA polymerases (pols) (i.e., pols η, ι and κ). Among these pols, human pol κ activity was most strongly inhibited, with an IC50 value of 12.5 μM. On the other hand, the compound barely influenced the activities of the other families of mammalian pols, such as A-family (i.e., pol γ), B-family (i.e., pols α, δ and ɛ) or X-family (i.e., pols β, λ and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase), and showed no effect on the activities of fish pol δ, plant pols, prokaryotic pols and other DNA metabolic enzymes, such as calf primase of pol α, human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase, human telomerase, T7 RNA polymerase, mouse IMP dehydrogenase (type II), human topoisomerases I and II, T4 polynucleotide kinase or bovine deoxyribonuclease I. This compound also suppressed the growth of two cultured human cancer cell lines, HCT116 (colon carcinoma cells) and HeLa (cervix carcinoma cells), and UV-treated HeLa cells exhibited lower clonogenic survival in the presence of inhibitor

Characterization of a non-pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus isolated from a migratory duck flying from Siberia in Hokkaido, Japan, in October 2009

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Infection with H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of domestic poultry and wild birds has spread to more than 60 countries in Eurasia and Africa. It is concerned that HPAIVs may be perpetuated in the lakes in Siberia where migratory water birds nest in summer. To monitor whether HPAIVs circulate in migratory water birds, intensive surveillance of avian influenza has been performed in Mongolia and Japan in autumn each year. Until 2008, there had not been any H5N1 viruses isolated from migratory water birds that flew from their nesting lakes in Siberia. In autumn 2009, A/mallard/Hokkaido/24/09 (H5N1) (Mal/Hok/24/09) was isolated from a fecal sample of a mallard (<it>Anas platyrhynchos</it>) that flew from Siberia to Hokkaido, Japan. The isolate was assessed for pathogenicity in chickens, domestic ducks, and quails and analyzed antigenically and phylogenetically.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>No clinical signs were observed in chickens inoculated intravenously with Mal/Hok/24/09 (H5N1). There was no viral replication in chickens inoculated intranasally with the isolate. None of the domestic ducks and quails inoculated intranasally with the isolate showed any clinical signs. There were no multiple basic amino acid residues at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin (HA) of the isolate. Each gene of Mal/Hok/24/09 (H5N1) is phylogenetically closely related to that of influenza viruses isolated from migratory water birds that flew from their nesting lakes in autumn. Additionally, the antigenicity of the HA of the isolate was similar to that of the viruses isolated from migratory water birds in Hokkaido that flew from their northern territory in autumn and different from those of HPAIVs isolated from birds found dead in China, Mongolia, and Japan on the way back to their northern territory in spring.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>Mal/Hok/24/09 (H5N1) is a non-pathogenic avian influenza virus for chickens, domestic ducks, and quails, and is antigenically and genetically distinct from the H5N1 HPAIVs prevailing in birds in Eurasia and Africa. H5 viruses with the HA gene of HPAIV had not been isolated from migratory water birds in the surveillance until 2009, indicating that H5N1 HPAIVs had not become dominant in their nesting lakes in Siberia until 2009.</p

A study of a karate trial teaching class in a teacher training course − based on students’ formative assessment

[EN] The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of a karate trial teaching class in an initial teacher training course, through students’ formative assessment. It involved two case studies of trial teaching classes of karate and that of two other activities, taught by the students of an initial teacher training course. The results were assessed using the Students’ Formative Assessment of Physical Education (P.E.) Classes scale. Results showed significant differences between groups in “New discovery” (p<.05) and a trend toward statistical significance in “Skill growth”, “Fun Exercise” and “Learning friendly” (p<.10) based on the classes provided by karate and other teaching materials. This implies that karate might have different acute effects on students’ learning process in the context of school-level physical education

観光満足度調査から考える持続的な観光地経営指標について―2019年度平戸観光協会満足度調査―

地域観光における新たなアプローチとして、欧米を中心とした諸外国の観光地経営の仕組みを取り入れた「日本版 DMO」1）の登録制度が2015年に創設され、本年11月で5年が経過する。この間「広域連携 DMO」10件、「地域連携 DMO」79件、「地域 DMO」73件の計162件が登録され2）、登録のための候補法人として計119件が承認された。一般社団法人平戸観光協会は、今年度候補法人として長崎県内で承認された3団体のうちの一つであり、その登録要件を満たすための2019年度の訪問者満足度調査を長崎国際大学国際観光研究所がおこなった。本論では、DMO 登録に必要な達成目標数値における訪問者満足度について、実施した調査結果および分析に基づく方針提言をもとに、国が全国一律に定める登録要件設定基準とそれぞれの地域で豊かな個性を求められる観光地経営の戦略の関係性、コロナ禍を受けた今後の地域観光のビジョンの策定について考察する

中学校剣道授業が生徒の共感性に与える影響―ダンス授業との比較から―

本研究では、中学校剣道授業が生徒の共感性に与える影響を検証することを目的とした。中学校1年生63名を2群に分け、ダンス授業を比較対照として設定し、両単元開始前・各単元終了後・両単元終了後に多次元共感性尺度への回答を求めた。また、毎回の授業終了後に形成的授業評価票への回答を求めた。実施した剣道授業およびダンス授業が生徒の共感性に与えた影響を明らかにするために、ダンス授業後剣道授業実施群（N＝23）および剣道授業後ダンス授業実施群（N＝21）から得られた多次元共感性尺度の因子得点に対して二元配置分散分析を行った結果、「共感的関心」因子、「個人的苦痛」因子、「気持ちの想像」因子において時期の主効果が認められた。また、実施した剣道授業およびダンス授業に対する生徒の授業評価と共感性の関係を明らかにするために多次元共感性尺度合計点の変化量と各授業の形成的授業評価の相関係数を算出した結果、剣道授業における形成的授業評価と多次元共感性尺度の変化量との間に有意な相関が認められ、生徒の共感性に肯定的な影響を与えるためには剣道授業の指導方法が重要であることが明らかとなった

学校体育における武道関連ﾗｲﾌｽｷﾙ尺度の作成と妥当性及び信頼性の検討

本研究の目的は､武道を通して獲得されるﾗｲﾌｽｷﾙについて測定する尺度を作成し､信頼性と妥当性を検討することであった｡予備調査では､中学校学習指導要領(2008)､高校体育教師へのｲﾝﾀﾋﾞｭｰ及びｱﾝｹｰﾄ調査､先行研究を参照し38項目からなる予備調査用紙を作成した｡本調査では､高校生365名を対象に予備調査用紙を配布し回答を求めた｡因子分析の結果､｢ﾘｰﾀﾞｰｼｯﾌﾟ｣､｢礼儀作法｣､｢精神力｣､｢前向きな思考｣､｢共感性｣の5因子20項目からなる｢学校体育における武道関連ﾗｲﾌｽｷﾙ尺度｣を作成した｡また､学校生活適応感尺度と学校体育における武道関連ﾗｲﾌｽｷﾙ尺度得点との相関関係を検討した結果､強い相関関係が確認され(r=0.81)､十分な信頼性(α=0.88)と一定の妥当性が確認された｡The purpose of this research was to develop the scale about the life skills acquired through Budo, and to examine reliability and validity. In the preliminary research, the preliminary information blank which consists of 38 items with reference to the previous works, the government guidelines for teaching(2008), interview and questionnaire survey for high school physical-education teachers. In main research, the preliminary information blank was replied to the high school student 365 person. “The Budo and the physical education related life skill scale”which consists of 20 items of five factors of leadership, courtesy, emotional strength, positive thinking, and sympathy were created as a result of factor analysis. Moreover, as a result of examining the correlation of the feeling of school life adaptation scale and the Budo and the sport related life skill scale points, a strong correlation(r=0.81), sufficient reliability(α=0.88)and fixed validity were confirmed