Forts, (fractional) zero forcing, and Cartesian products of graphs

The (disjoint) fort number and fractional zero forcing number are introduced and related to existing parameters including the (standard) zero forcing number. The fort hypergraph is introduced and hypergraph results on transversals and matchings are applied to the zero forcing number and fort number. These results are used to establish a Vizing-like lower bound for the zero forcing number of a Cartesian product of graphs for certain families of graphs, and a family of graphs achieving this lower bound is exhibited

Invasive Techniques in Scar Management: Fat Injections

AbstractSince the end of the nineteenth century, fat grafting has become one of the most promising treatments for posttraumatic deformities and more in general for scars. Its easy application and collection have made it as the ideal therapy to restore volume and pliability, and contour and to prevent symptoms as pain. In these years the application method, the indications and the guidelines have been changed many times. In this chapter, we analyze why fat grafting is becoming so popular in the twentieth century and what is the scientific rational to use autologous adipose tissue. We will also discuss the current guidelines and the possible applications. At the end, we will also present some new fields such as the application of autologous fat grafting in the treatment of the hypertrophic scars and how we can try to improve its engraftment using external mechanical forces (the external negative pressure therapy) and/or the plasma-rich platelet (PRP)

Diagnosis of partially observed petri net based on analytical redundancy relationships

In this paper, we design an efficient diagnosis technique for partially observed discrete event systems modeled by labeled Petri nets. The fault detection is based on analytical redundancy relationships derived from the nominal model. The decomposition of the Tun‐induced subnet to connected subgraphs allows determining the subgraphs that may contain faults. To appreciate the fault localization, a set of analytical redundancy relationships is etablished for each fault transition based on the fault model. The proposed diagnosis approach is independent of the length of the observed sequence and independent of the number of unobservable transitions. The detected faults with the proposed approach are faults which led to a change in the number of tokens in the net

Corrigendum to �HIV-1 Tat protein attenuates the clinical course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)� Int. Immunopharmacol. 78 (2020) 105943 (International Immunopharmacology (2020) 78, (S1567576919316698), (10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105943))

The authors regret to inform that there was an inadvertent error in the section of �2.1. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) induction� and the correct text is provided below: Ten-week-old female C57BL/6 mice were purchased from the Pasteur Institute (Tehran, Iran). All animals were kept in a sterile facility according to the Guidelines of the Iran University of Medical Science. All animal procedures were in accordance with the Ethics Committee of the Iran University of Medical Science (IR.IUMS.FMD.REC 1396.9321540002). The EAE model was provided by �Salari Institute of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders (SICBD)�. To this aim, the animals were anesthetized by the intraperitoneal administration of ketamine and xylazine. Then, 300 µg of Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG35�55; SICBD) peptide was emulsified with complete Freund�s adjuvant (500 µg Mycobacterium tuberculosis; CFA; Sigma, F5881, USA) and subcutaneously injected into both hind flanks of each mouse. All mice received two doses of 0.3 µg pertussis toxin (List Biological Lab, Campbell, CA, USA) through the intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection about two hours and forty-eight hours after immunization. All authors are aware of the errors and have agreed to the correction. The authors would also like to apologise for any inconvenience caused. © 202

Early maladaptive schemas and borderline personality disorder features in a nonclinical sample : a network analysis

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a challenging problem. Early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) are considered as important vulnerability factors for the development and maintenance of BPD. Literature suggests a complex relationship between BPD and EMSs. The current study employed network analysis to model the complex associations between central BPD features (i.e., affective instability, identity problems, negative relations, and self-harm) and EMSs in 706 undergraduate students. The severity of BPD symptoms was assessed using the Personality Assessment Inventory-Borderline subscale; the Young Schema Questionnaire-Short Form was used to assess EMSs. Results suggest that specific EMSs show unique associations with different BPD features. Interestingly, affective instability showed no unique associations with EMSs. Identity problems were uniquely associated with abandonment, insufficient self-control, dependence/incompetence, and vulnerability to harm/illness schemas. Negative relations in BPD showed unique connections with mistrust/abuse and abandonment. Finally, BPD self-harm was connected to emotional deprivation and failure. These findings indicate potential pathways between EMSs and specific BPD features that could improve our understanding of BPD theoretically and clinically

Consensus Statement on Bone Conduction Devices and Active Middle Ear Implants in Conductive and Mixed Hearing Loss

Nowadays, several options are available to treat patients with conductive or mixed hearing loss. Whenever surgical intervention is not possible or contra-indicated, and amplification by a conventional hearing device (e.g., behind-the-ear device) is not feasible, then implantable hearing devices are an indispensable next option. Implantable bone-conduction devices and middle-ear implants have advantages but also limitations concerning complexity/invasiveness of the surgery, medical complications, and effectiveness. To counsel the patient, the clinician should have a good overview of the options with regard to safety and reliability as well as unequivocal technical performance data. The present consensus document is the outcome of an extensive iterative process including ENT specialists, audiologists, health-policy scientists, and representatives/technicians of the main companies in this field. This document should provide a first framework for procedures and technical characterization to enhance effective communication between these stakeholders, improving health care

Safety Concern between Autologous Fat Graft, Mesenchymal Stem Cell and Osteosarcoma Recurrence

Background: Osteosarcoma is the most common malignant primary bone tumour in young adult treated by neo adjuvant chemotherapy, surgical tumor removal and adjuvant multidrug chemotherapy. For correction of soft tissue defect consecutive to surgery and/or tumor treatment, autologous fat graft has been proposed in plastic and reconstructive surgery. Principal Findings: We report here a case of a late local recurrence of osteosarcoma which occurred 13 years after the initial pathology and 18 months after a lipofilling procedure. Because such recurrence was highly unexpected, we investigated the possible relationship of tumor growth with fat injections and with mesenchymal stem/stromal cell like cells which are largely found in fatty tissue. Results obtained in osteosarcoma pre-clinical models show that fat grafts or progenitor cells promoted tumor growth. Significance: These observations and results raise the question of whether autologous fat grafting is a safe reconstructive procedure in a known post neoplasic context

Commentary on: Low Negative Pressure Combined With Supertumescence Microliposuction as a New Method for Repairing Facial Fat Overfilling: A Case Series of 32 Patients

International audienceNo abstract availabl