Associação entre estado nutricional e desempenho físico em praticantes de futebol americano

O futebol americano (FA) é um esporte intermitente de alta intensidade que possui demandas energéticas específicas, tornando a nutrição, entre outros fatores, protagonista no desempenho atlético de praticantes de FA. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar aassociação entre o estado nutricional e o desempenho físico de praticantes de FA. Foram incluídos 34 praticantes de FA, de três equipes diferentes da cidade de Curitiba-PR, de nível regional. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, inquérito alimentar e testes de desempenho físico. Nossos principais achados foram que 73,5% dos praticantes estão acima do peso e 41,1% enquadrados estão classificados em algum grau de obesidade. Além disso, 35,2% apresentam maior risco de alterações negativas em desfechosmetabólicos e cardiovasculares. Variáveis de composição corporal (e.g. índice de massa corporal, circunferência abdominal e percentual de gordura corporal) foram correlacionadas significativamente com testes de desempenho físico (e.g. sprint de 40 e 20 jardas, exercício dos três cones e salto horizontal). Nossos achados sugerem que o estado nutricional afeta o desempenho físico em praticantes de FA. Treinadores, nutricionistas e praticantes da modalidade devem atentar-se para avaliações nutricionais periódicas para que não haja chance dos praticantes terem seu desempenho comprometido negativamente

Associação entre estado nutricional e desempenho físico em praticantes de futebol americano

American football is a high intensity intermittent sport that has specific energy demands, making nutrition a fundamental factor in the athletes’ performance. We verified the association between nutritional status and performance of American Football players. Thirty-four American football players of regional level were included from three teams from Curitiba-PR Anthropometric evaluations, nutritional assessment and performance tests were carried out. Our main findings were that 73.5% of players are overweight and 41.1% was classified to some obesity level. In addition, 35.2% have a higher risk of negative changes in metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes. Body composition variables (e.g., body mass index, abdominal circumference, and body fat percentage) were significantly correlated with physical performance tests (e.g., 40 and 20 yards, 3 Cone Drill and Broad Jump). Our findings suggest that nutritional status affects physical performance in FA players. Coaches, dietitians/nutritionists and practitioners should be aware of periodic nutritional and assessments aiming to reduce chances of impairments on performance levels due to poor nutritional state.El fútbol americano (AF) es un deporte intermitente de alta intensidad que tiene demandas energéticas específicas, lo que hace que la nutrición, entre otros factores, sea protagonista en el rendimiento deportivo de los practicantes de AF. El objetivo de este estudio fue verificar la asociación entre el estado nutricional y el rendimiento físico de los practicantes de AF. Fueron incluidos 34 practicantes de AF, de tres equipos diferentes en la ciudad de Curitiba-PR, a nivel regional. Se realizaron evaluaciones antropométricas, encuesta dietética y pruebas de rendimiento físico. Nuestros principales hallazgos fueron que el 73,5% de los médicos tienen sobrepeso y el 41,1% se clasifican con algún grado de obesidad. Además, el 35,2% tiene un mayor riesgo de cambios negativos en los resultados metabólicos y cardiovasculares. Las variables de composición corporal (p. ej., índice de masa corporal, circunferencia de la cintura y porcentaje de grasa corporal) se correlacionaron significativamente con las pruebas de rendimiento físico (p. ej., sprint de 40 y 20 yardas, ejercicio de tres conos y salto horizontal). Nuestros hallazgos sugieren que el estado nutricional afecta el rendimiento físico en los practicantes de AF. Los entrenadores, nutricionistas y practicantes de la modalidad deben prestar atención a las evaluaciones nutricionales periódicas para que no haya posibilidad de que los practicantes vean comprometido negativamente su rendimiento.Il football americano (FA) è uno sport intermittente ad alta intensità che ha richieste energetiche specifiche, rendendo l'alimentazione, tra gli altri fattori, protagonista nelle prestazioni atletiche dei praticanti di FA. L'obiettivo di questo studio era verificare l'associazione tra lo stato nutrizionale e le prestazioni fisiche dei praticanti di fibrillazione atriale. Sono stati inclusi 34 professionisti della FA, provenienti da tre diversi team della città di Curitiba-PR, a livello regionale. Sono state effettuate valutazioni antropometriche, indagini dietetiche e test di performance fisica. I nostri risultati principali sono stati che il 73,5% dei praticanti è in sovrappeso e il 41,1% è classificato come affetto da un certo grado di obesità. Inoltre, il 35,2% ha un rischio più elevato di cambiamenti negativi negli esiti metabolici e cardiovascolari. Le variabili della composizione corporea (ad es. indice di massa corporea, circonferenza della vita e percentuale di grasso corporeo) erano significativamente correlate con i test delle prestazioni fisiche (ad es. Sprint di 40 e 20 yard, esercizio a tre coni e salto orizzontale). I nostri risultati suggeriscono che lo stato nutrizionale influisce sulle prestazioni fisiche nei professionisti della FA. Allenatori, nutrizionisti e praticanti della modalità dovrebbero prestare attenzione a valutazioni nutrizionali periodiche in modo che non vi sia alcuna possibilità che le prestazioni dei praticanti vengano compromesse negativamente.O futebol americano (FA) é um esporte intermitente de alta intensidade que possui demandas energéticas específicas, tornando a nutrição, entre outros fatores, protagonista no desempenho atlético de praticantes de FA. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar aassociação entre o estado nutricional e o desempenho físico de praticantes de FA. Foram incluídos 34 praticantes de FA, de três equipes diferentes da cidade de Curitiba-PR, de nível regional. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, inquérito alimentar e testes de desempenho físico. Nossos principais achados foram que 73,5% dos praticantes estão acima do peso e 41,1% enquadrados estão classificados em algum grau de obesidade. Além disso, 35,2% apresentam maior risco de alterações negativas em desfechosmetabólicos e cardiovasculares. Variáveis de composição corporal (e.g. índice de massa corporal, circunferência abdominal e percentual de gordura corporal) foram correlacionadas significativamente com testes de desempenho físico (e.g. sprint de 40 e 20 jardas, exercício dos três cones e salto horizontal). Nossos achados sugerem que o estado nutricional afeta o desempenho físico em praticantes de FA. Treinadores, nutricionistas e praticantes da modalidade devem atentar-se para avaliações nutricionais periódicas para que não haja chance dos praticantes terem seu desempenho comprometido negativamente.O futebol americano (FA) é um esporte intermitente de alta intensidade que possui demandas energéticas específicas, tornando a nutrição, entre outros fatores, protagonista no desempenho atlético de praticantes de FA. O objetivo desse estudo foi verificar aassociação entre o estado nutricional e o desempenho físico de praticantes de FA. Foram incluídos 34 praticantes de FA, de três equipes diferentes da cidade de Curitiba-PR, de nível regional. Foram realizadas avaliações antropométricas, inquérito alimentar e testes de desempenho físico. Nossos principais achados foram que 73,5% dos praticantes estão acima do peso e 41,1% enquadrados estão classificados em algum grau de obesidade. Além disso, 35,2% apresentam maior risco de alterações negativas em desfechosmetabólicos e cardiovasculares. Variáveis de composição corporal (e.g. índice de massa corporal, circunferência abdominal e percentual de gordura corporal) foram correlacionadas significativamente com testes de desempenho físico (e.g. sprint de 40 e 20 jardas, exercício dos três cones e salto horizontal). Nossos achados sugerem que o estado nutricional afeta o desempenho físico em praticantes de FA. Treinadores, nutricionistas e praticantes da modalidade devem atentar-se para avaliações nutricionais periódicas para que não haja chance dos praticantes terem seu desempenho comprometido negativamente

Treinamento resistido na Educação Física Escolar: uma proposta de ensino

Objetivo: buscar na literatura, estudos e evidencias científicas que comprovassem ou refutassem a efetividade do Treinamento Resistido na educação Física Escolar, para o desenvolvimento da força muscular dos adolescentes. Esclarecer os mitos e verdades, mostrar a importância do treinamento resistido frente à Educação Física Escolar e apresentar uma proposta de ensino, oferecendo ao professor de Educação Física reais possibilidades de ministrar esse conteúdo em suas aulas. Método: pesquisa de caráter qualitativo, do tipo bibliográfico e utilizado o método comparativo entre os estudos buscados nas bases de dados Portal de Periódicos CAPES, Scielo, Portal de Pesquisa da Bvs, Google Acadêmico, e MedLine. Os buscadores da pesquisa foram: treinamento, treinamento de força, treinamento resistido, treinamento com pesos, adolescente, criança, educação física, saúde, maturação sexual e força muscular. Resultados: foram encontrados 20 artigos que foram revisados para o presente estudo. Considerações finais: o treinamento resistido em crianças e adolescentes é benéfico, quando aplicados corretamente, respeitando a individualidade biológica e a maturação do discente. Os malefícios provenientes da aplicação do treinamento de força surgem do exagero do treinamento levado a níveis profissionais e intensos nos jovens discentes e da má alimentação combinada à ingestão de anabólicos. O profissional de Educação Física deve estar atento ao nível de desenvolvimento dos jovens antes de prescrever o treinamento de força. Esta revisão pode auxiliar profissionais da Educação Física a implantar treinamentos de força em crianças e adolescentes visto que traz inúmeros benefícios à saúde, além do ganho da força muscular

Infected pancreatic necrosis: outcomes and clinical predictors of mortality. A post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study

: The identification of high-risk patients in the early stages of infected pancreatic necrosis (IPN) is critical, because it could help the clinicians to adopt more effective management strategies. We conducted a post hoc analysis of the MANCTRA-1 international study to assess the association between clinical risk factors and mortality among adult patients with IPN. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify prognostic factors of mortality. We identified 247 consecutive patients with IPN hospitalised between January 2019 and December 2020. History of uncontrolled arterial hypertension (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.135-15.882; aOR 4.245), qSOFA (p = 0.005; 95% CI 1.359-5.879; aOR 2.828), renal failure (p = 0.022; 95% CI 1.138-5.442; aOR 2.489), and haemodynamic failure (p = 0.018; 95% CI 1.184-5.978; aOR 2.661), were identified as independent predictors of mortality in IPN patients. Cholangitis (p = 0.003; 95% CI 1.598-9.930; aOR 3.983), abdominal compartment syndrome (p = 0.032; 95% CI 1.090-6.967; aOR 2.735), and gastrointestinal/intra-abdominal bleeding (p = 0.009; 95% CI 1.286-5.712; aOR 2.710) were independently associated with the risk of mortality. Upfront open surgical necrosectomy was strongly associated with the risk of mortality (p < 0.001; 95% CI 1.912-7.442; aOR 3.772), whereas endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis (p = 0.018; 95% CI 0.138-0.834; aOR 0.339) and enteral nutrition (p = 0.003; 95% CI 0.143-0.716; aOR 0.320) were found as protective factors. Organ failure, acute cholangitis, and upfront open surgical necrosectomy were the most significant predictors of mortality. Our study confirmed that, even in a subgroup of particularly ill patients such as those with IPN, upfront open surgery should be avoided as much as possible. Study protocol registered in ClinicalTrials.Gov (I.D. Number NCT04747990)

Global disparities in surgeons’ workloads, academic engagement and rest periods: the on-calL shIft fOr geNEral SurgeonS (LIONESS) study

: The workload of general surgeons is multifaceted, encompassing not only surgical procedures but also a myriad of other responsibilities. From April to May 2023, we conducted a CHERRIES-compliant internet-based survey analyzing clinical practice, academic engagement, and post-on-call rest. The questionnaire featured six sections with 35 questions. Statistical analysis used Chi-square tests, ANOVA, and logistic regression (SPSS® v. 28). The survey received a total of 1.046 responses (65.4%). Over 78.0% of responders came from Europe, 65.1% came from a general surgery unit; 92.8% of European and 87.5% of North American respondents were involved in research, compared to 71.7% in Africa. Europe led in publishing research studies (6.6 ± 8.6 yearly). Teaching involvement was high in North America (100%) and Africa (91.7%). Surgeons reported an average of 6.7 ± 4.9 on-call shifts per month, with European and North American surgeons experiencing 6.5 ± 4.9 and 7.8 ± 4.1 on-calls monthly, respectively. African surgeons had the highest on-call frequency (8.7 ± 6.1). Post-on-call, only 35.1% of respondents received a day off. Europeans were most likely (40%) to have a day off, while African surgeons were least likely (6.7%). On the adjusted multivariable analysis HDI (Human Development Index) (aOR 1.993) hospital capacity > 400 beds (aOR 2.423), working in a specialty surgery unit (aOR 2.087), and making the on-call in-house (aOR 5.446), significantly predicted the likelihood of having a day off after an on-call shift. Our study revealed critical insights into the disparities in workload, access to research, and professional opportunities for surgeons across different continents, underscored by the HDI

Outcomes of elective liver surgery worldwide: a global, prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study

Background: The outcomes of liver surgery worldwide remain unknown. The true population-based outcomes are likely different to those vastly reported that reflect the activity of highly specialized academic centers. The aim of this study was to measure the true worldwide practice of liver surgery and associated outcomes by recruiting from centers across the globe. The geographic distribution of liver surgery activity and complexity was also evaluated to further understand variations in outcomes. Methods: LiverGroup.org was an international, prospective, multicenter, cross-sectional study following the Global Surgery Collaborative Snapshot Research approach with a 3-month prospective, consecutive patient enrollment within January–December 2019. Each patient was followed up for 90 days postoperatively. All patients undergoing liver surgery at their respective centers were eligible for study inclusion. Basic demographics, patient and operation characteristics were collected. Morbidity was recorded according to the Clavien–Dindo Classification of Surgical Complications. Country-based and hospital-based data were collected, including the Human Development Index (HDI). (NCT03768141). Results: A total of 2159 patients were included from six continents. Surgery was performed for cancer in 1785 (83%) patients. Of all patients, 912 (42%) experienced a postoperative complication of any severity, while the major complication rate was 16% (341/2159). The overall 90-day mortality rate after liver surgery was 3.8% (82/2,159). The overall failure to rescue rate was 11% (82/ 722) ranging from 5 to 35% among the higher and lower HDI groups, respectively. Conclusions: This is the first to our knowledge global surgery study specifically designed and conducted for specialized liver surgery. The authors identified failure to rescue as a significant potentially modifiable factor for mortality after liver surgery, mostly related to lower Human Development Index countries. Members of the LiverGroup.org network could now work together to develop quality improvement collaboratives

Multidifferential study of identified charged hadron distributions in ZZ-tagged jets in proton-proton collisions at s=\sqrt{s}=13 TeV

Jet fragmentation functions are measured for the first time in proton-proton collisions for charged pions, kaons, and protons within jets recoiling against a $Z$ boson. The charged-hadron distributions are studied longitudinally and transversely to the jet direction for jets with transverse momentum 20 $< p_{\textrm{T}} < 100$ GeV and in the pseudorapidity range $2.5 < \eta < 4$. The data sample was collected with the LHCb experiment at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 1.64 fb$^{-1}$. Triple differential distributions as a function of the hadron longitudinal momentum fraction, hadron transverse momentum, and jet transverse momentum are also measured for the first time. This helps constrain transverse-momentum-dependent fragmentation functions. Differences in the shapes and magnitudes of the measured distributions for the different hadron species provide insights into the hadronization process for jets predominantly initiated by light quarks.Comment: All figures and tables, along with machine-readable versions and any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-013.html (LHCb public pages

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Study of the B−→Λc+Λˉc−K−B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-} decay

The decay $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ is studied in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV using data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5 $\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ collected by the LHCb experiment. In the $\Lambda_{c}^+ K^{-}$ system, the $\Xi_{c}(2930)^{0}$ state observed at the BaBar and Belle experiments is resolved into two narrower states, $\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}$ and $\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}$, whose masses and widths are measured to be $$m(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = 2924.5 \pm 0.4 \pm 1.1 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ m(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = 2938.5 \pm 0.9 \pm 2.3 \,\mathrm{MeV}, \\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2923)^{0}) = \phantom{000}4.8 \pm 0.9 \pm 1.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},\\ \Gamma(\Xi_{c}(2939)^{0}) = \phantom{00}11.0 \pm 1.9 \pm 7.5 \,\mathrm{MeV},$$ where the first uncertainties are statistical and the second systematic. The results are consistent with a previous LHCb measurement using a prompt $\Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ sample. Evidence of a new $\Xi_{c}(2880)^{0}$ state is found with a local significance of $3.8\,\sigma$, whose mass and width are measured to be $2881.8 \pm 3.1 \pm 8.5\,\mathrm{MeV}$ and $12.4 \pm 5.3 \pm 5.8 \,\mathrm{MeV}$, respectively. In addition, evidence of a new decay mode $\Xi_{c}(2790)^{0} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} K^{-}$ is found with a significance of $3.7\,\sigma$. The relative branching fraction of $B^{-} \to \Lambda_{c}^{+} \bar{\Lambda}_{c}^{-} K^{-}$ with respect to the $B^{-} \to D^{+} D^{-} K^{-}$ decay is measured to be $2.36 \pm 0.11 \pm 0.22 \pm 0.25$, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic and the third originates from the branching fractions of charm hadron decays.Comment: All figures and tables, along with any supplementary material and additional information, are available at https://cern.ch/lhcbproject/Publications/p/LHCb-PAPER-2022-028.html (LHCb public pages