The Competitiveness of Bread: the Analysis and the Ways to Improve

In the article the essence of competitive products was examined and the conclusion based on research connected with search of improvement the competitiveness of bread on the example of Novopolotsk mechanized bakery was made

The Competitiveness of Bread: the Analysis and the Ways to Improve

In the article the essence of competitive products was examined and the conclusion based on research connected with search of improvement the competitiveness of bread on the example of Novopolotsk mechanized bakery was made

Integration Definition for Function Modelling of Business Processes (IDEF0) in Logistics

The article is devoted to the idea of IDEF0 (Icam Definition for Function modelling). It is a function modelling methodology for describing manufacturing functions, which offers a function modelling language for the analysis, development, re-engineering, and integration of information systems, logistics processes, and software engineering analysis

Integration Definition for Function Modelling of Business Processes (IDEF0) in Logistics

The article is devoted to the idea of IDEF0 (Icam Definition for Function modelling). It is a function modelling methodology for describing manufacturing functions, which offers a function modelling language for the analysis, development, re-engineering, and integration of information systems, logistics processes, and software engineering analysis

Health technology assessment of medical devices: a survey of non-European union agencies.

PublishedJournal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tThis is the final version of the article. Available from Cambridge University Press via the DOI in this record.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to review and compare current health technology assessment (HTA) activities for medical devices across non-European Union HTA agencies. METHODS: HTA activities for medical devices were evaluated from three perspectives: organizational structure, processes, and methods. Agencies were primarily selected upon membership of existing HTA networks. The data collection was performed in two stages: stage 1-agency Web-site assessment using a standardized questionnaire, followed by review and validation of the collected data by a representative of the agency; and stage 2-semi-structured telephone interviews with key informants of a sub-sample of agencies. RESULTS: In total, thirty-six HTA agencies across twenty non-EU countries assessing medical devices were included. Twenty-seven of thirty-six (75 percent) agencies were judged at stage 1 to have adopted HTA-specific approaches for medical devices (MD-specific agencies) that were largely organizational or procedural. There appeared to be few differences in the organization, process and methods between MD-specific and non-MD-specific agencies. Although the majority (69 percent) of both categories of agency had specific methods guidance or policy for evidence submission, only one MD-specific agency had developed methodological guidelines specific to medical devices. In stage 2, many MD-specific agencies cited insufficient resources (budget, skilled employees), lack of coordination (between regulator and reimbursement bodies), and the inability to generalize findings from evidence synthesis to be key challenges in the HTA of medical devices. CONCLUSIONS: The lack of evidence for differentiation in scientific methods for HTA of devices raises the question of whether HTA needs to develop new methods for medical devices but rather adapt existing methodological approaches. In contrast, organizational and/or procedural adaptation of existing HTA agency frameworks to accommodate medical devices appear relatively commonplace.This study was supported by a research grant from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Program (FP7 - HEALTH Grant Agreement no. 305694). The sponsor had no role in the study design, collection and analysis of data, writing of the report, or submission of the paper for publication. The authors wish to thank all interviewees and agencies’ assessment forms verifiers for their invaluable contribution to the completion of this study

ВЗАИМОСВЯЗЬ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ЭКОЛОГИИ И БИОЛОГИИ ВИДА У ТЛЕЙ С ВАРИАБЕЛЬНОСТЬЮ МИТОХОНДРИАЛЬНЫХ ГЕНОВ

The results of comparative analysis of genetic variability of COI, COII, and cyt b genes in aphids (Aphidoidea), which differ in ecology and a type of life cycle, are shown in the paper. It is found out that species being anolocyclic polyphagous with subcosmopolite distribution have the highest level of genetic variability of COI and cyt b nucleotide sequences comparing to aphids from other ecological and biological groups.В работе приведены результаты сравнительного анализа вариабельности нуклеотидных последовательностей генов COI, COII и cyt b у тлей (Aphidoidea) из разных экологических групп, а также реализующих различные варианты биологических циклов. Показано, что виды, относящиеся к полифагам с субкосмополитным распространением, являющиеся анолоцикличными на большей части ареала, демонстрируют наибольший уровень вариабельности последовательности генов COI, cyt b в сравнении с тлями из других эколого-биологических групп.

The impact of New Public Management on efficiency : an analysis of Madrid’s hospitals.

Madrid has recently become the site of one the most controversial cases of public healthcare reform in the European Union. Despite the fact that the introduction of New Public Management (NPM) into Madrid hospitals has been vigorous, little scholarship has been done to test whether NPM actually led to technical efficiency. This paper is one of the first attempts to do so. We deploy a bootstrapped Data Envelopment Analysis to compare efficiency scores in traditionally managed hospitals and those operating with new management formulas. We do not find evidence that NPM hospitals are more efficient than traditionally managed ones. Moreover, our results suggest that what actually matters may be the management itself, rather than the management model

Uniform nomenclature for the mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system

The mitochondrial inner membrane contains a large protein complex that functions in inner membrane organization and formation of membrane contact sites. The complex was variably named the mitochondrial contact site complex, mitochondrial inner membrane organizing system, mitochondrial organizing structure, or Mitofilin/Fcj1 complex. To facilitate future studies, we propose to unify the nomenclature and term the complex "mitochondrial contact site and cristae organizing system" and its subunits Mic10 to Mic60