O Direito Do Trabalho Aplicado Ao Contrato Do Jogador De Futebol The Labor Law Applied To Football Player Contract

Resumo: O artigo apresenta uma análise acerca da aplicação da legislação trabalhista no contrato do atleta profissional de futebol, estabelecendo as principais compatibilidades e discordâncias entre o dispositivo celetista e a lei regulamentadora das práticas desportivas no Brasil, a Lei Pelé, apontando a evolução do futebol no país, bem como caracterizando as principais características deste contrato especial de trabalho, em especial, os aspectos da remuneração, jornada de trabalho e extinção do contrato. Palavras-chave: Futebol; Contrato especial; remuneração; Jornada de Trabalho; Extinção; Abstract: The article presents an analysis of the enforcement of labor laws in the professional football player contract, establishing the main compatibilities and disagreements between the CLT device and the regulatory law of sports practices in Brazil, Pelé Law, aiming the development of football in the country as well as featuring the main and unique features of this special labor contract, regarding its main aspects as remuneration, working hours and extinction Keywords: Soccer; special contract; remuneration; Working hours; Extinction

Assessment of macadamia kernel quality defects by means of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)

Macadamia kernels are visually sorted based on the presence of quality defects by specialized labors. However, this process is not as accurate as non-destructive methods such as near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Thus, NIRS and NMR in combination with chemometrics have become established non-destructive method for rapid assessment of quality parameters in the food and agricultural sectors. Therefore, the quality of macadamia kernel was assessed by NIRS and NMR using chemometric tools such as PCA-LDA and GA-LDA to evaluate external kernel defects. Macadamia kernels were classified as: 1 = good, marketable kernels without defects; 2 = kernels with discoloration; 3 = immature kernels; 4 = kernels affected by mold; and 5 = kernels with insect damage. Using NIRS, the GA-LDA resulted in an accuracy and specificity of 97.8% and 100%, respectively, to classify good kernels. On the other hand, PCA-LDA technique resulting in an accuracy higher than 68% and specificity of 97.2% to classify immature kernels. For NMR, PCA-LDA resulted in an accuracy higher than 83% and GA-LDA resulted in an accuracy of 100%, both to classify kernels with insect damage. NIRS and NMR spectroscopy can be successfully used to classify unshelled macadamia kernels based on the defects. However, NIRS out-performed NMR based on the higher accuracy results

Estimation and classification of popping expansion capacity in popcorn breeding programs using NIR spectroscopy

One of the most important quality traits in popcorn breeding programs is the popping expansion (PE) capacity of the kernel, which is the ratio of the volume of the popcorn to the weight of the kernel. In this study, we evaluated whether near infrared spectroscopy (NIR spectroscopy) could be used as a tool in popcorn breeding programs to routinely predict and/or discriminate popcorn genotypes on the basis of their PE. Three generations (F1, F2, and F2:3) were developed in three planting seasons by manual cross-pollination and self-pollination. A total of 376 ears from the F2:3 generation were selected, shelled, and subjected to phenotypic analysis. Genetic variability was observed in the F2 and F2:3 generations, and their average PE value was 31.5 ± 6.7 mL.g-1. PE prediction models using partial least square (PLS) regression were developed, and the root mean square error of calibration (RMSEC) was 6.08 mL.g-1, while the coefficient of determination (RC 2) was 0.26. The model developed by principal component analysis with quadratic discriminant analysis (PCA-QDA) was the best for discriminating the kernels with low PE (≤ 30 mL.g-1) from those with high PE (> 30 mL.g-1) with an accuracy of 78%, sensitivity of 81.2%, and specificity of 72.2%. Although NIR spectroscopy appears to be a promising non-destructive method for assessing the PE of intact popcorn kernels for narrow breeding populations, greater variability and larger sample sizes would help improve the robustness of the predictive and classificatory models

Conventional and alternative pre-harvest treatments affect the quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘York’ apple fruit

Apple trees cv. ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘York’ were sprayed from bloom to fruit maturity with different products to evaluate the effect of pre-harvest treatments on fruit quality, including insect/disease damage and physicochemical fruit traits. Apple trees were assigned to five treatments: unsprayed (control), holistic solution (foliar nutrients and probiotics), insecticides, antimicrobials (fungicides and antibiotics), and a combination of antimicrobials + insecticides. The treatments started soon after bloom and were carried out every two weeks until fruit were ready to harvest. Diseases such as sooty blotch (complex of several fungi) and flyspeck (Zygophiala jamaicensis Mason) were the major source of damage on fruits. ‘Golden Delicious’ trees had a higher percentage of undamaged fruit than ‘York’, but all trees had some percentage of damaged fruit. Damage was most severe in the control (unsprayed) and insecticide treatments, intermediate in the holistic treatment, and much lower in the antimicrobial and antimicrobial + insecticide treatments (p < 0.003 for all comparisons). There was also a significant interactive effect (p < .0001) of cultivars and pre-harvest spray treatment on apple fruit mass. For both cultivars there was a strong effect of spray treatment on size, with larger apples produced in the antimicrobial and antimicrobial + insecticide treatments, but these effects were more pronounced in 'York' than in 'Golden Delicious' apples. ‘Golden Delicious’ trees produced 1.4-fold heavier and bigger fruits compared to ‘York’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ fruit were more mature than ‘York’ at harvest. Pre-harvest treatments also affected other quality parameters of apple fruit, such as soluble solids content (SSC) and starch-iodine index. Using partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), ‘Golden Delicious’ fruit could be well classified according to the holistic, antimicrobial, and antimicrobial + insecticide treatments. Control and insecticide samples clustered together, indicating similarities between fruit quality. Overall, pre-harvest spray treatment affected the quality of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘York’ apples, mainly the fruit mass and disease infection

Usina autossustentável de incineração de lixo dispensável pela reciclagem: estudo de viabilidade para a cidade de Belo Horizonte / Self-sustainable waste incineration plant responsible for recycling: feasibility study for the city of Belo Horizonte

Esta pesquisa aborda um estudo preliminar propondo a utilização de um incinerador de lixo urbano como peça fundamental no processo de redução desses dejetos, ou seja, resíduos contaminados que teriam como destino aterros ou lixões, visto que toneladas de lixo se acumulam nesses locais, com o passar do tempo e aumento da população o problema se torna mais grave. A Prefeitura Municipal de Belo Horizonte trabalha com ações capazes de aumentar a quantidade de materiais que podem ser reaproveitados e transformados em outros produtos, sendo necessário apenas expandir as ações que existem. A proposta deste artigo é utilizar tecnologias já existentes e aprimorá-las, criando mecanismos que unam sociedade, sustentabilidade, ciência, trabalho e inovação em um só âmbito. Todavia, o processo começa nas residências com a separação correta do lixo, sendo que após a coleta seletiva a matéria-prima segue para os galpões onde cada classe receberá o tratamento adequado para transformação em novos produtos. O projeto propõe geração ininterrupta de energia através do uso de resíduos da reciclagem e uso de materiais. Além disso, é realizada uma pesquisa de opinião geral, que aborda questões sobre o processo a ser aplicado

The rarest of the rare: rediscovery and status of the critically endangered Belem Curassow, Crax fasciolata pinima (Pelzeln, 1870)

The Belem Curassow (Crax fasciolata pinima) is one of the most endangered birds in South America, without sightings of birds in the wild for 40 years. This subspecies is nationally and internationally classified as critically endangered and close to extinction, suffering from poaching and deforestation in its range. Here we present new records of free-living individuals made on three indigenous lands in Pará and Maranhão states: in part of Terra Indígena Mãe Maria, Bom Jesus do Tocantins, Pará; in locations within the Reserva Biológica do Gurupi/Terra Indígena Alto Turiaçu, Centro Novo do Maranhão, Maranhão; and around the Terra Indígena Rio Pindaré, Alto Alegre do Pindaré, Maranhão. We also provide recommendations to protect this bird via a dedicated conservation program which includes finding new individuals in non-sampled areas (north of BR-222), estimating population size, enhancing taxonomic and natural history knowledge, capturing wild animals in order to start urgent ex&nbsp;situ conservation programs, and developing environmental awareness programs with the local and indigenous populations

Non-destructive genotypes classification and oil content prediction using near-infrared spectroscopy and chemometric tools in soybean breeding program

In soybean (Glycine max L.) breeding programs, segregation is normally observed, and it is not possible to have replicates of individuals because each genotype is a unique copy. Therefore, near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) was used as a non-destructive tool to classify soybeans by genotypes and to predict oil content. A total of 260 soybean genotypes were divided into five classes, which were composed of 32, 52, 82, 46, and 49 samples of the BV, BVV, EB, JAB, and L class, respectively. NIR spectra were obtained using oven-dried samples (80 g) in a reflectance mode. A successive projection algorithm and genetic algorithm with linear discriminant analysis discriminated genotypes of the low (L class) from the high (EB class) for oil content (88.89% accuracy). The partial least square regression models for oil content were considered good (root mean square error of prediction of 0.96%). Therefore, NIRS can be used as a non-destructive tool in soybean breeding programs, but further investigation is necessary to improve the robustness of the models. It is important to note that to use the models, it is necessary to collect NIR spectra from dry soybean samples

Treatment of orbital floor fracture with conchal cartilage

INTRODUCTION: The reconstruction of defects in the orbital floor after fractures poses a challenge to the plastic surgeon because besides the patient's aesthetic and reconstructive expectations, possible functional complications such as diplopia and facial paresthesia must be treated. This study aimed at reporting a series of cases in which conchal auricular cartilage was used for volumetric orbital and structural replacement of the floor. METHODS: Twenty-four patients, with surgery performed by the author, between 2013 and 2016, for pure (blow-out) or impure (conjugated to orbital margin injuries, such as zygoma and maxilla) orbital floor fractures, were evaluated. The repair technique involved autologous conchal cartilage graft in all cases. Patients were classified for the presence of preoperative complaints, including paresthesia and diplopia, and symptoms such as enophthalmia, as well as postoperative outcomes. RESULTS: The existence of concomitant lesions, such as zygomatic complex and maxillary fracture, as well as fractures with greater discontinuity in the orbital floor, may influence the success of reconstruction. Few patients exhibited postoperative complaints and only two (9.2%) required a new surgical approach. CONCLUSION: Autologous conchal auricular cartilage is a suitable material for reconstruction of defects in the post-fracture orbital floor, possessing various advantages, including ease of attainment, low morbidity, inconspicuous scar, and excellent adaptation to the shape of the orbital floor and consequent volumetric replacement

Tomografia de corpo todo no trauma e seus desfechos na mortalidade: uma revisão sistemática: Whole body tomography in trauma and its outcomes in mortality: a systematic review

A tomografia computadorizada de corpo inteiro é altamente sensível e representa o padrão-ouro no cenário de diagnóstico da sala de trauma. WBCT fornece uma ferramenta de diagnóstico rápido, que reduz a mortalidade em pacientes gravemente feridos. A lesão traumática é a terceira principal causa de morte em geral. Para otimizar os resultados nesses pacientes, os hospitais empregam imagens de tomografia computadorizada de corpo inteiro (WBCT) devido ao alto rendimento diagnóstico e potencial para identificar lesões perdidas. No entanto, isso atrasa intervenções de tempo crítico. Atualmente, há uma ausência de qualquer evidência de alto nível para apoiar ou refutar qualquer visão. Uma busca sistemática da literatura foi realizada nas bases de dados MEDLINE, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library e demais bases dedados eletrônicas. As publicações eram elegíveis se contivessem dados originais comparando TC de corpo total imediata em pacientes com trauma e associação com a mortalidade. A análise mostra que a TC está associada a melhores resultados, incluindo uma menor taxa de mortalidade geral, entretanto estudos randomizados e controlados merecem ser realizados para que se possa estabelecer de forma fidedigna essa relação

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio