Next Era Governments - Beyond Experimentation

Apresentação do think tank finlandês Demos Helsinki realizada no GNPapo de 13 de março de 2019. O debate consistiu no papel da experimentação na mudança de mentalidades e na criação de novos modelos de governança para a inovação.Inovaçã

Next Era Governments - Beyond Experimentation

Apresentação do think tank finlandês Demos Helsinki realizada no GNPapo de 13 de março de 2019. O debate consistiu no papel da experimentação na mudança de mentalidades e na criação de novos modelos de governança para a inovação.Inovaçã

Next Era Governments - Beyond Experimentation

Apresentação do think tank finlandês Demos Helsinki realizada no GNPapo de 13 de março de 2019. O debate consistiu no papel da experimentação na mudança de mentalidades e na criação de novos modelos de governança para a inovação.Inovaçã

Use of home telemonitoring to support multidisciplinary care of heart failure patients in Finland : Randomized controlled trial

Peer reviewe

Climate change adaptation tools for environmental risk mitigation of acid sulfate soils

Layman's repor

Change of Direction Biomechanics in a 180-Degree Pivot Turn and the Risk for Noncontact Knee Injuries in Youth Basketball and Floorball Players

Background: Studies investigating biomechanical risk factors for knee injuries in sport-specific tasks are needed. Purpose: To investigate the association between change of direction (COD) biomechanics in a 180-degree pivot turn and knee injury risk among youth team sport players. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 258 female and male basketball and floorball players (age range, 12-21 years) participated in the baseline COD test and follow-up. Complete data were obtained from 489 player-legs. Injuries, practice, and game exposure were registered for 12 months. The COD test consisted of a quick ball pass before and after a high-speed 180-degree pivot turn on the force plates. The following variables were analyzed: peak vertical ground-reaction force (N/kg); peak trunk lateral flexion angle (degree); peak knee flexion angle (degree); peak knee valgus angle (degree); peak knee flexion moment (N.m/kg); peak knee abduction moment (N.m/kg); and peak knee internal and external rotation moments (N.m/kg). Legs were analyzed separately and the mean of 3 trials was used in the analysis. Main outcome measure was a new acute noncontact knee injury. Results: A total of 18 new noncontact knee injuries were registered (0.3 injuries/1000 hours of exposure). Female players sustained 14 knee injuries and male players 4. A higher rate of knee injuries was observed in female players compared with male players (incidence rate ratio, 6.2; 95% CI, 2.1-21.7). Of all knee injuries, 8 were anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries, all in female players. Female players displayed significantly larger peak knee valgus angles compared with male players (mean for female and male players, respectively: 13.9 degrees +/- 9.4 degrees and 2.0 degrees +/- 8.5 degrees). No significant associations between biomechanical variables and knee injury risk were found. Conclusion: Female players were at increased risk of knee and ACL injury compared with male players. Female players performed the 180-degree pivot turn with significantly larger knee valgus compared with male players. However, none of the investigated variables was associated with knee injury risk in youth basketball and floorball players.Peer reviewe

Perilaku Berbahasa Santri Pondok Modern Gontor Pudahoa

AbstrakPerilaku Berbahasa Santri Gontor Pudahoa menarik dan unik. Spirit yang inginditelusuri penulis adalah kesadaran, kesetiaan dan tanggung jawab santri dalammemelihara bahasa Arab, bahasa Inggris, bahasa Indonesia dan bahasa daerah.Pengumpulan data menggunakan teknik pengamatan, wawancara mendalam, danpenelusuran dokumen. Penelitian menghasilkan temuan, di Gontor Pudahoapenggunaan bahasa disesuaikan dengan kehendak kurikulum berdasarkan tingkatkepentingannya. Penonjolan ciri khas Gontor terlihat sangat kentara padapenggunaan bahasa Arab dan Inggris dalam berbagai ranah. Pemilihan bahasadipengaruhi factor santri, guru dan lingkungan, kendati dalam banyak peristiwakebahasaan santri cenderung mentransfer unsur bahasa pertamanya. Penelitian inimenemukan pengaruh pandangan keagamaan santri terhadap perilaku bahasanya.Penggunaan bahasa Arab untuk memuliakan Al-Qur’an, meninggikan agama danmembangun peradaban Islam, bahasa Inggris untuk komunikasi internasional danpengembangan ilmu pengetahuan umum, pilihan bahasa Indonesia sebagai wujudpengabdian kepada Negara, dan bahasa daerah sebagai bentuk bakti dan rasahormat kepada orang tua/keluarga. Muncul kesadaran dan pandangan positifsantri juga terhadap bahasa Jepang, Mandarin dan Korea.Kata Kunci: Perilaku Berbahasa Santri, Pesantren Gontor, Pudaho

Cross-cultural analysis of attention disengagement times supports the dissociation of faces and patterns in the infant brain

CITATION: Pyykko, J., et al. 2019. Cross-cultural analysis of attention disengagement times supports the dissociation of faces and patterns in the infant brain. Scientific Reports, 9:14414, doi:10.1038/s41598-019-51034-x.The original publication is available at https://www.nature.comInfants are slower to disengage from faces than non-face patterns when distracted by novel competing stimuli. While this perceptual predilection for faces is well documented, its universality and mechanisms in relation to other aspects of attention are poorly understood. We analysed attention disengagement times for faces and non-face patterns in a large sample of 6-to 9-month-old infants (N = 637), pooled from eye tracking studies in socioculturally diverse settings (Finland, Malawi, South Africa). Disengagement times were classified into distinct groups of quick and delayed/censored responses by unsupervised clustering. Delayed disengagement was frequent for faces (52.1% of trials), but almost negligible for patterns (3.9% of trials) in all populations. The magnitude of this attentional bias varied by individuals, whereas the impact of situational factors and facial expression was small. Individual variations in disengagement from faces were moderately stable within testing sessions and independent from variations in disengagement times for patterns. These results point to a fundamental dissociation of face and pattern processing in infants and demonstrate that the bias for faces can be robust against distractors and habituation. The results raise the possibility that attention to faces varies as an independent, early-emerging social trait in populations.https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-51034-xPublisher's versio

Microstructure representation of snow in coupled snowpack and microwave emission models

This is the first study to encompass a wide range of coupled snow evolution and microwave emission models in a common modelling framework in order to generalise the link between snowpack microstructure predicted by the snow evolution models and microstructure required to reproduce observations of brightness temperature as simulated by snow emission models. Brightness temperatures at 18.7 and 36.5 GHz were simulated by 1323 ensemble members, formed from 63 Jules Investigation Model snowpack simulations, three microstructure evolution functions, and seven microwave emission model configurations. Two years of meteorological data from the Sodankylä Arctic Research Centre, Finland, were used to drive the model over the 2011–2012 and 2012–2013 winter periods. Comparisons between simulated snow grain diameters and field measurements with an IceCube instrument showed that the evolution functions from SNTHERM simulated snow grain diameters that were too large (mean error 0.12 to 0.16 mm), whereas MOSES and SNICAR microstructure evolution functions simulated grain diameters that were too small (mean error 0.16 to 0.24mm for MOSES and 0.14 to 0.18mm for SNICAR). No model (HUT, MEMLS, or DMRT-ML) provided a consistently good fit across all frequencies and polarisations. The smallest absolute values of mean bias in brightness temperature over a season for a particular frequency and polarisation ranged from 0.7 to 6.9 K. Optimal scaling factors for the snow microstructure were presented to compare compatibility between snowpack model microstructure and emission model microstructure. Scale factors ranged between 0.3 for the SNTHERM–empirical MEMLS model combination (2011–2012) and 3.3 for DMRT-ML in conjunction with MOSES microstructure (2012–2013). Differences in scale factors between microstructure models were generally greater than the differences between microwave emission models, suggesting that more accurate simulations in coupled snowpack–microwave model systems will be achieved primarily through improvements in the snowpack microstructure representation, followed by improvements in the emission models. Other snowpack parameterisations in the snowpack model, mainly densification, led to a mean brightness temperature difference of 11K at 36.5 GHz H-pol and 18K at V-pol when the Jules Investigation Model ensemble was applied to the MOSES microstructure and empirical MEMLS emission model for the 2011–2012 season. The impact of snowpack parameterisation increases as the microwave scattering increases. Consistency between snowpack microstructure and microwave emission models, and the choice of snowpack densification algorithms should be considered in the design of snow mass retrieval systems and microwave data assimilation systems