Reflecting on the place of dialogue and the nature of adult motivations within early childhood research

AbstractBook review: Albon, D. &amp; Rosen, R. (2014) Negotiating Adult - Child Relationships in Early Childhood Research, London: Routledge.This book review focuses on a number of themes highlighted within the book. Firstly, it discusses the authors’ suggestion that Bakhtin can assist researchers in addressing entrenched, authoritative assumptions in an attempt to gain fresh perspectives. It moves on to consider the authors’ view on how researchers might valuably reframe common research activities, in order that research with young children reflects the dialogic nature of research relationships.</p

Reflecting on the place of dialogue and the nature of adult motivations within early childhood research

AbstractBook review: Albon, D. &amp; Rosen, R. (2014) Negotiating Adult - Child Relationships in Early Childhood Research, London: Routledge.This book review focuses on a number of themes highlighted within the book. Firstly, it discusses the authors’ suggestion that Bakhtin can assist researchers in addressing entrenched, authoritative assumptions in an attempt to gain fresh perspectives. It moves on to consider the authors’ view on how researchers might valuably reframe common research activities, in order that research with young children reflects the dialogic nature of research relationships

Children and their underworld: an exploration of young children’s humour as Bakhtinian carnivalesque

This thesis presents findings from a small-scale qualitative study offering an alternative framing of children’s humour and laughter in an early childhood education setting. The study employs a Bakhtinian carnivalesque lens to explore the nature of children’s humour in an urban nursery and investigate the framing of children’s humour and laughter outside the popular paradigm of developmental psychology. In addition, it addresses the challenge that children’s humour can present for early childhood practitioners, turning to Bakhtin’s analysis of carnival to frame children’s humour as carnivalesque. This conception is then offered as a part of a potential explanation for practitioners not having an opportunity to understand children’s humour, proposing that dominating, authoritative discourses within early childhood education play a significant role in this. The thesis draws on several theorists, including Bakhtin more widely, via a Dialogic methodology, to address reasons why humour is not valued, pedagogically, within the English early childhood field. Finally, the suggestion that it is profitable to view young children’s humour in the context of Bakhtinian carnivalesque is offered, and a case for reframing young children’s humour in an ECEC context as ‘carnivality’ is made

Effect of bet missense mutations on bromodomain function, inhibitor binding and stability

Lysine acetylation is an important epigenetic mark regulating gene transcription and chromatin structure. Acetylated lysine residues are specifically recognized by bromodomains, small protein interaction modules that read these modification in a sequence and acetylation dependent way regulating the recruitment of transcriptional regulators and chromatin remodelling enzymes to acetylated sites in chromatin. Recent studies revealed that bromodomains are highly druggable protein interaction domains resulting in the development of a large number of bromodomain inhibitors. BET bromodomain inhibitors received a lot of attention in the oncology field resulting in the rapid translation of early BET bromodomain inhibitors into clinical studies. Here we investigated the effects of mutations present as polymorphism or found in cancer on BET bromodomain function and stability and the influence of these mutants on inhibitor binding. We found that most BET missense mutations localize to peripheral residues in the two terminal helices. Crystal structures showed that the three dimensional structure is not compromised by these mutations but mutations located in close proximity to the acetyl-lysine binding site modulate acetyl-lysine and inhibitor binding. Most mutations affect significantly protein stability and tertiary structure in solution, suggesting new interactions and an alternative network of protein-protein interconnection as a consequence of single amino acid substitution. To our knowledge this is the first report studying the effect of mutations on bromodomain function and inhibitor binding

Framing Young Children’s Humour and Practitioner Responses to it Using a Bakhtinian Carnivalesque Lens

This article presents findings from a pilot study offering an alternative framing of children's humour and laughter in an early childhood education setting. It employs a Bakhtinian carnivalesque lens to explore the nature of children's humour in an urban nursery, and investigate the framing of children's humour and laughter outside the popular paradigm of developmental psychology. In addition, it addresses the challenge that children's humour can present for early childhood practitioners, turning to Bakhtin's analysis of carnival to frame children's humour as carnivalesque. This conception is then offered as a part of a potential explanation for practitioners' occasional resistance to children's humour, proposing that dominating, authoritative discourses within early childhood education play a significant role in this. The article draws on a number of theorists, including Bakhtin more widely, to address reasons why humour is not valued pedagogically within the UK early childhood field, and suggests that further research in the area is imperative, in order that we gain a better understanding of the place and significance of children's humour within early childhood practice

Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes

Climate change and other anthropogenic stressors have led to long-term changes in the thermal structure, including surface temperatures, deepwater temperatures, and vertical thermal gradients, in many lakes around the world. Though many studies highlight warming of surface water temperatures in lakes worldwide, less is known about long-term trends in full vertical thermal structure and deepwater temperatures, which have been changing less consistently in both direction and magnitude. Here, we present a globally-expansive data set of summertime in-situ vertical temperature profiles from 153 lakes, with one time series beginning as early as 1894. We also compiled lake geographic, morphometric, and water quality variables that can influence vertical thermal structure through a variety of potential mechanisms in these lakes. These long-term time series of vertical temperature profiles and corresponding lake characteristics serve as valuable data to help understand changes and drivers of lake thermal structure in a time of rapid global and ecological change

Global data set of long-term summertime vertical temperature profiles in 153 lakes

Measurement(s) : temperature of water, temperature profile Technology Type(s) : digital curation Factor Type(s) : lake location, temporal interval Sample Characteristic - Environment : lake, reservoir Sample Characteristic - Location : global Machine-accessible metadata file describing the reported data: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14619009Climate change and other anthropogenic stressors have led to long-term changes in the thermal structure, including surface temperatures, deepwater temperatures, and vertical thermal gradients, in many lakes around the world. Though many studies highlight warming of surface water temperatures in lakes worldwide, less is known about long-term trends in full vertical thermal structure and deepwater temperatures, which have been changing less consistently in both direction and magnitude. Here, we present a globally-expansive data set of summertime in-situ vertical temperature profiles from 153 lakes, with one time series beginning as early as 1894. We also compiled lake geographic, morphometric, and water quality variables that can influence vertical thermal structure through a variety of potential mechanisms in these lakes. These long-term time series of vertical temperature profiles and corresponding lake characteristics serve as valuable data to help understand changes and drivers of lake thermal structure in a time of rapid global and ecological change

Embracing the carnivalesque: Young children's humour as performance and communication

Today, in the field of early childhood education and care in the UK we do not always demonstrate a constructive attitude towards humour and laughter. We have seemingly stood by as humour and laughter have been subsumed by rhetoric that intimates their importance and value but, in reality, sits on top of contrasting ingrained authoritative discourses that view humour and laughter as a challenge to seriousness, rationality and innocence—qualities that seem to be highly sought after within the early childhood field. A number of ideas have emerged from my data that suggest that any negativity associated with humour and laughter may be confined to adults, and that children may have a more positive approach that embraces Bakhtin’s notion of carnivalesque humour. This paper addresses two findings that reflect the themes of children’s humour and laughter as carnivalesque performance and communication. Firstly, it explores the idea that in nursery settings young children may use humour to perform, but not in the conventional performer/audience understanding of the word. Instead, it seems young children may engage in a carnivalesque performance in which there is no distinction between audience and performers. Secondly, the paper examines the notion that young children may use humour and laughter as a significant form of communication between themselves, as well as with adults. Evidence within the data suggests that this communication could facilitate adult understanding of children’s intentions and motivations

Framing young children’s humour and practitioner responses to it using a Bakhtinian carnivalesque lens

This article presents findings from a pilot study offering an alternative framing of children's humour and laughter in an early childhood education setting. It employs a Bakhtinian carnivalesque lens to explore the nature of children's humour in an urban nursery, and investigate the framing of children's humour and laughter outside the popular paradigm of developmental psychology. In addition, it addresses the challenge that children's humour can present for early childhood practitioners, turning to Bakhtin's analysis of carnival to frame children's humour as carnivalesque. This conception is then offered as a part of a potential explanation for practitioners' occasional resistance to children's humour, proposing that dominating, authoritative discourses within early childhood education play a significant role in this. The article draws on a number of theorists, including Bakhtin more widely, to address reasons why humour is not valued pedagogically within the UK early childhood field, and suggests that further research in the area is imperative, in order that we gain a better understanding of the place and significance of children's humour within early childhood practice

Cameras and Carnivals:A Visual Dialogic Route to Young Children’s Humour

This chapter focuses on how Bakhtin’s dialogic theory of carnivalesque was utilised within a visual dialogic methodology, operationalising a range of concepts, including his theory concerning time and space or ‘chronotope’ (Bakhtin, 1984a), and using White’s (2009b) polyphonic video technique. Sullivan argues that a dialogic approach to data analysis offers methodological tools for the analysis of participant subjectivity (Sullivan, 2012), as he suggests that subjectivity, in this instance, changes and responds to others, and if a researcher wishes to focus on subjectivity within data, then it may be fruitful to adopt a dialogical methodology (ibid.). For this reason, and given that the concept of carnivalesque is in itself dialogic and cannot be discussed without reference to Bakhtin’s theory of dialogism more broadly, this chapter combines the discussion of the operationalisation of carnivalesque theory as part of a dialogic methodology. Bakhtinian conceptual and theoretical thinking weaves nto practice in two ways: to privilege ways of ‘seeing’ the subjective voices of those involved and to explore the relationship between young children’s humorous behaviours and Bakhtin’s study of carnivalesque folk humour in the middle ages