Box 4. The pass-through of higher natural gas prices to inflation in the euro area and in Spain

Artículo de revistaThis early-release box was published on 30 Septembe

Trophic mechanisms underlying bentho-demersal community recovery in the north-east Atlantic

En prens

Dabigatran : a new oral anticoagulant. Guidelines to follow in oral surgery procedures. A systematic review of the literature

Dabigatran is a newly commercialized drug that is replacing other anticoagulants in the prevention of venous thromboembolism, stroke and systemic arterial valve embolism. It acts directly on thrombin presenting in a dynamic and predictable way, which does not require monitoring these patients. Therefore, we consider the need to assess whether their use increases the risk of bleeding involved before any dental treatment. We performed a systematic review with a bibliographic search in PubMed/Medline along with the Cochrane Library. We excluded articles dealing with all anticoagulants other than dabigatran, and works about surgical treatments in anatomical locations other than the oral cavity. We included a total of 13 papers of which 1 was a randomized clinical trial, 9 narrative literature reviews, 1 case series, 2 clinical cases and 1 expert opinion. Because we did not obtain any properly designed clinical trials, we were unable to conduct a meta-analysis. Currently, there is no consensus on the procedure to be followed in patients taking dabigatran. However, all authors agree to treat each case individually in accordance to the risk of embolism, postoperative bleeding and renal function. Also, it is necessary to perform minimally invasive interventions, and take the appropriate local anti-hemolytic measures

Guest Induced Strong Cooperative One- and Two-Step Spin Transitions in Highly Porous Iron(II) Hofmann-Type Metal-Organic Frameworks

[EN] The synthesis, crystal structure, magnetic, calorimetric, and Mo¿ ssbauer studies of a series of new Hofmann-type spin crossover (SCO) metal¿organic frameworks (MOFs) is reported. The new SCO-MOFs arise from self-assembly of FeII, bis(4-pyridyl)butadiyne (bpb), and [Ag(CN)2] ¿ or [MII(CN)4] 2¿ (MII = Ni, Pd). Interpenetration of four identical 3D networks with ¿-Po topology are obtained for {Fe(bpb)[AgI (CN)2]2} due to the length of the rod-like bismonodentate bpb and [Ag(CN)2] ¿ ligands. The four networks are tightly packed and organized in two subsets orthogonally interpenetrated, while the networks in each subset display parallel interpenetration. This nonporous material undergoes a very incomplete SCO, which is rationalized from its intricate structure. In contrast, the single network Hofmann-type MOFs {Fe(bpb)[MII(CN)4]}·nGuest (MII = Ni, Pd) feature enhanced porosity and display complete one-step or two-step cooperative SCO behaviors when the pores are filled with two molecules of nitrobenzene or naphthalene that interact strongly with the pyridyl and cyano moieties of the bpb ligands via ¿¿¿ stacking. The lack of these guest molecules favors stabilization of the high-spin state in the whole range of temperatures. However, application of hydrostatic pressure induces one- and two-step SCO.We thank the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and FEDER funds (CTQ2013-46275-P and CTQ2016-78341-P and Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu MDM-2015-0538) and Generalitat Valenciana (PROMETEO/2016/147). L.P.-L. and F.J.V.-M. thank, respectively, the Universidad de Valencia and MINECO for a predoctoral FPI grant.Piñeiro-López, L.; Valverde-Muñoz, FJ.; Seredyuk, M.; Muñoz Roca, MDC.; Haukka, M.; Real, JA. (2017). Guest Induced Strong Cooperative One- and Two-Step Spin Transitions in Highly Porous Iron(II) Hofmann-Type Metal-Organic Frameworks. Inorganic Chemistry. 56(12):7038-7047. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00639S70387047561

Box 2. The EU economies’ natural gas inventories in 2022 and 2023 under two hypothetical scenarios

Artículo de revistaThis early-release box was published on 16 Septembe

Pedagogía de géneros textuales para el desarrollo de la producción textual en estudiantes de tercer grado

El objetivo de  formar a los niños como lectores hábiles y competentes, llevó a formular estrategias basadas en la Pedagogía de Géneros Textuales para que los estudiantes alcancen un nivel óptimo en el proceso lector y escritor. La presente investigación permite favorecer el desarrollo de estrategias docentes que promueven el trabajo colaborativo, la participación activa, la construcción conjunta de textos, consiguiendo así lectores y escritores autónomos y eficientes. Este trabajo de corte cualitativo, con enfoque metodológico basado en la investigación-acción; se desarrolló con 35 estudiantes de tercer grado de la básica primaria (recolectando) la información a través de la observación directa, el análisis documental y el diario reflexivo. Para lo cual se diseñó, implementó y evaluó una secuencia didáctica del género narrativo. Los resultados muestran el favorecimiento del andamiaje como estrategia pedagógica en el aula, la producción de textos narrativos de calidad a partir de la lectura detallada y contextualizada y la mejora de los aspectos estructurales y formales de las producciones escritas. Se desarrollaron habilidades y competencias que permitieron que los alumnos dieran un paso importante para convertirse en lectores autónomos y deja al descubierto la urgencia de trabajar con niños desde los primeros grados en la correcta escritura de textos

Chiral and Racemic Spin Crossover Polymorphs in a Family of Mononuclear Iron(II) Compounds

This document is the Accepted Manuscript version of a Published Work that appeared in final form in Inorganic Chemistry, copyright © American Chemical Society after peer review and technical editing by the publisher. To access the final edited and published work see https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02272[EN] Understanding the origin of cooperativity and the equilibrium temperature of transition (T1/2) displayed by the spin-crossover (SCO) compounds as well as controlling these parameters are of paramount importance for future applications. For this task, the occurrence of polymorphism, presented by a number of SCO complexes, may provide deep insight into the influence of the supramolecular organization on the SCO behavior. In this context, herein we present a novel family of mononuclear octahedral FeII complexes with formula cis- [Fe(bqen)(NCX)2], where bqen is the chelating tetradentate ligand N,N¿-bis(8-quinolyl)ethane-1,2-diamine and X = S, Se. Depending on the preparation method, these compounds crystallize in either the orthorhombic or the trigonal symmetry systems. While the orthorhombic phase is composed of a racemic mixture of mononuclear complexes (polymorph I), the trigonal phase contains only one of the two possible enantiomers (¿ or ¿), thereby generating a chiral crystal (polymorph II). The four derivatives undergo SCO behavior with well-differentiated T1/2 values occurring in the interval 90¿233 K. On one hand, T1/2 is about 110 K (polymorph I) and 87 K (polymorph II) higher for the selenocyanate derivatives in comparison to those for their thiocyanate counterparts. These differences in T1/2 are ascribed not only to the higher ligand field induced by the selenocyanate anion but also to a remarkable difference in the structural reorganization of the [FeN6] coordination core upon SCO. Likewise, the higher cooperativity observed for the thiocyanate derivatives seems to be related to their stronger intermolecular interactions within the crystal. On the other hand, T1/2 is about 53 K (thiocyanate) and 29 K (selenocyanate) higher for the trigonal polymorph II in comparison to those for the orthorhombic polymorph I. These differences, and the small changes observed in cooperativity, stem from the slightly different hetero- and homochiral crystal packing generated by the cis-[Fe(bqen)(NCX)2] molecules, which determines subtle adaptations in the intermolecular contacts and the FeII coordination core.We thank the Spanish Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad (MINECO) and FEDER funds (CTQ2013-46275-P and CTQ2016-78341-P and Unidad de Excelencia Maria de Maeztu MDM-2015-0538), Generalitat Valenciana (PROM-ETEO/2016/147), and EU Framework Program for Research and Innovation (RISE project number 734322). FJ.V.-M. thanks MINECO for a predoctoral FPI grantBartual-Murgui, C.; Piñeiro-López, L.; Valverde-Muñoz, FJ.; Muñoz Roca, MDC.; Seredyuk, M.; Real, JA. (2017). Chiral and Racemic Spin Crossover Polymorphs in a Family of Mononuclear Iron(II) Compounds. Inorganic Chemistry. 56(21):13535-13546. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b022721353513546562

Programa de intervención desde terapia ocupacional para la dislexia en educación primaria

La dislexia es un trastorno específico del aprendizaje que ha intentado ser descrito y clasificado por multitud de autores desde finales del siglo XIX, sin embargo, se siguen encontrando limitaciones en su abordaje. Por otro lado, los escolares en los que se manifiesta, presentan grandes limitaciones en su desempeño educativo, lo que sugiere la necesidad de diseñar una intervención eficaz. El objetivo de este programa es prevenir el fracaso escolar al que predispone la dislexia evolutiva, en niños de 6 a 9 años, mediante una intervención realizada desde terapia ocupacional en el marco escolar, con el que se abordarán los déficits asociados al trastorno. Para llevarlo a cabo se ha seleccionado el Modelo de Ocupación Humana y el marco de trabajo de la AOTA. Además, se utilizan una serie de herramientas estandarizadas para realizar una valoración de los niños que permite distribuirlos y determinar su inclusión al programa: perfil de intereses pediátrico, balance psicomotor de Picq y Vayer, test de dominancia lateral de Harris y test de integración visomotora. En el desarrollo se expone el modo de implementar la intervención, así como la evaluación de los resultados esperados, siendo estos la mejora de la participación y del desempeño ocupacional en el entorno educativo. En conclusión, la dislexia es un concepto complejo sujeto a muchas controversias, con el cual se debe llevar a cabo una intervención integral.<br /

Recuadro 4. La traslación del incremento de los precios del gas natural a la inflación del área del euro y de la economía española

Artículo de revistaEste recuadro fue publicado anticipadamente el 30 de septiembr

Histamine and Immune Biomarkers in CNS Disorders

Neuroimmune dysregulation is a common phenomenon in different forms of central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Cross-links between central and peripheral immune mechanisms appear to be disrupted as reflected by a series of immune markers (CD3, CD4, CD7, HLA-DR, CD25, CD28, and CD56) which show variability in brain disorders such as anxiety, depression, psychosis, stroke, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, migraine, epilepsy, vascular dementia, mental retardation, cerebrovascular encephalopathy, multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, cranial nerve neuropathies, mental retardation, and posttraumatic brain injury. Histamine (HA) is a pleiotropic monoamine involved in several neurophysiological functions, neuroimmune regulation, and CNS pathogenesis. Changes in brain HA show an age- and sex-related pattern, and alterations in brain HA levels are present in different CNS regions of patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Brain HA in neuronal and nonneuronal compartments plays a dual role (neurotrophic versus neurotoxic) in a tissue-specific manner. Pathogenic mechanisms associated with neuroimmune dysregulation in AD involve HA, interleukin-1β, and TNF-α, whose aberrant expression contributes to neuroinflammation as an aggravating factor for neurodegeneration and premature neuronal death