147 research outputs found
Quantificação da microbiota cariogenica e fungica de anticorpos anti-"Candida" e anti-"Streptococcus mutans" na saliva de pacientes respiradores bucais
Orientador: Antonio Olavo Cardoso JorgeDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: A síndrome do respirador bucal (SRB) produz alterações no meio bucal e na microbiota, aumentando a suscetibilidade à cárie e outras infecções. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar a microbiota cariogênica e fúngica e quantificar imunoglobulinas anti-Streptococcus mutans e anti Candida na saliva de crianças nonnais e com SRB antes e após o tratamento. Foram utilizadas 30 crianças normais, 30 com SRB e 25 tratadas, nas quais foram realizadas contagens de lactobacilos, estreptococos do grupo mutans, leveduras, teste de Snyder e testes salivares (fluxo salivar e capacidade tampão). Também foram quantificadas
imunoglobulinas anti-Candida e anti-Streptococcus mutans (IgG, IgM e 19A) na saliva através da técnica ELISA. A média da soma de escores para os respiradores bucais foi maior e significativa em relação aos demais grupos. O número de leveduras do gênero Candida também foi maior nos pacientes respiradores bucais. O nível de 19A e IgM anti-Streptococcus mutans e 19A e IgM anti-Candida foi menor no grupo respirador bucal. Os
18 resultados indicam que medidas preventivas devam ser realizadas em pacientes com SRB para prevenção de cárie e infecções fúngicas. Palavras-chave: Respiração bucal; testes de atividade de cárie dentária;
Candida; imunoglobulinas; Streptococcus mutansAbstract: Oral breathing syndrome causes modifications in the oral cavity and in oral microbiota elevating the susceptibility to dental caries and other infections. The aim of this study was to compare cariogenic and fungical microbiota in the saliva of control children and mouthbreathers before and afier treatment. We studied 30 controt children, 30 mouthbreathers and 25 treated patients performing the quantitation of Lactobacillus, mutans group
Streptococcus and yeasts; Snydef's test and evaluation of salivary flow and buffering capacity. It was also quantified immunoglobulins against Candida and Streptococcus mutans in the saliva utilizing ELISA technique. The mean of total scores for mouthbreathers group was higher and statistically significant when compared with control and treated groups. The number of yeasts was also higher in mouthbreathing syndrome patients. The leveI of 19A and IgM against Streptococcus mutans and 19A and IgM against Candida was smaller in the moutbbreathers. The results indicate that preventive measures for dental caries and fungic infections should be taken in mouthbreathing syndrome patientsMestradoMestre em Ciência
Correlação entre presença de estreptococos do grupo mutans e Candida com niveis de IgA na saliva humana
Orientador: Antonio Olavo Cardoso JorgeTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de PiracicabaResumo: Existem vários estudos sobre 19A secretora anti-Streptococcus mutans, porém ainda. não existem evidências conclusivas da sua participação efetiva no controle da cárie. Muitos também são os trabalhos com relação à imunologia das infecções causadas pelas espécies do gênero Candída. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi correlacionar a presença de estreptococos do grupo mutans e de Candída com níveis de 19A na saliva de indivíduos de faixas etárias e condições bucais diferentes. Foram estudados 320 indivíduos divididos em 7 grupos: I - adulto jovem com cárie; II- adulto, jovem livre de cárie; II- crianças com cárie; IV- crianças livres de cárie; Vadultos com cárie; VI- adultos com candidose e VII- crianças com cárie ativa. Os indivíduos foram examinados quanto ao Índice CPOD, Índice de higiene bucal simplificado (IHBS) e fluxo salivar. Foram realizadas contagem total de microrganismos aer6bios e facultativos, contagem de estreptococos do grupo mutans e Candida na saliva. A quantificação dos níveis de 19A anti-Streptococcus mutans e anti-Candida na saliva foi realizada utilizando-se a técnica ELISA. Não houve cOlTelação estatística na população dos níveis de 1gA anti-S. mutans com as contagens de estreptococos do grupo mutans na saliva. Correlação estatística na população foi observada entre os títulos de anticorpos anti-Candida e as contagens de leveduras no grupo adultos com candidose (VI). Nos demais grupos não foi observada correlaçãoAbstract: Several studies have been done about 19A against Streptococcus mutans but there are no conclusive evidences about the effective participation in caries control. There are also many studies about the immunity involved with infections caused by Candida species. The aim of this work was to cOITelate the presence of mutans streptococci and Candida with levels of 19A in saliva of individuals with diferent age and oral conditions. Three-hundred-twenty individuals were divided in 7, groups: 1- young adult with caries; II-caries free young adult ; III- children with caries; IV- caries free children ; V- adults with caries; VI- adults with candidosis and VII- children with active caries. AlI the individuaIs were examined for DMFT, oral hygiene index-simplified and salivary flow. Total counts of microrganisms, mutans streptococci and Candida counts were also done. The quantification of 19A levels against Streptococcus mutans and Candida was done through ELISA technique. There was no statistical cOITelation for the population between the levels of 19A against S. mutans and counts of these microrganisms in saliva. Statistical cOITelation for the population was observed between titres of antibodies against Candida and counts of yeasts in candidosis group (VI). No cOITelation was found for the other groupsDoutoradoBiologia e Patologia Buco-DentalDoutor em Ciência
Comparação entre E-test e o método da microdiluição do CLSI para teste de susceptibilidade a antifúngicos de isolados orais de Candida albicans
Thirty Candida albicans isolated from oral candidosis patients and 30 C. albicans isolated from control individuals were studied. In vitro susceptibility tests were performed for amphotericin B, fluconazole, 5-flucytosine and itraconazole through the Clinical and Laboratorial Standards Institute (CLSI) reference method and E test system. The results obtained were analyzed and compared. MIC values were similar for the strains isolated from oral candidosis patients and control individuals. The agreement rate for the two methods was 66.67% for amphotericin B, 53.33% for fluconazole, 65% for flucytosine and 45% for itraconazole. According to our data, E test method could be an alternative to trial routine susceptibility testing due to its simplicity. However, it can not be considered a substitute for the CLSI reference method.Trinta Candida albicans isoladas de pacientes portadores de candidose oral e 30 Candida albicans isoladas de indivíduos controle foram estudadas. Testes de susceptibilidade in vitro foram realizados com anfotericina B, fluconazol, 5-flucitosina e itraconazol pelo método do Clinical and Laboratorial Standars Institute (CLSI) e por E-test. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados e comparados. Os valores de CIM foram semelhantes para amostras isoladas de pacientes portadores de candidose oral e indivíduos controle. A concordância entre os dois métodos foi de 66,7% para a anfotericina B, 53,33% para o fluconazol, 65% para a flucitosina e 45% para o itraconazol. De acordo com estes resultados, o método do E-test poderia ser uma alternativa para a triagem de casos de rotina pela sua simplicidade. Entretanto, este método não pode ser considerado como um substituto para o método de referência do CLSI
Efeitos da adequação do meio bucal na contagem de Candida spp. em crianças
O efeito da adequação de meio sobre contagens de Candida spp. na cavidade bucal tem sido pouco discutido e nenhum resultado conclusivo foi encontrado na literatura. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar os efeitos da adequação de meio bucal, utilizando cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol e cimento de ionômero de vidro, sobre contagens desses microorganismos em crianças. Foram coletados enxágües bucais de 30 meninos e 30 meninas com idades entre quatro e dez anos, positivos para Candida na saliva, obtendo-se a contagem inicial. As crianças foram divididas ao acaso em dois grupos e procedeu-se à adequação de meio utilizando um dos cimentos a serem testados. Uma semana depois, novo enxágüe bucal foi coletado, obtendo-se, dessa forma, a contagem final de Candida spp. Uma redução expressiva nas contagens foi observada em ambos os grupos. Os dois materiais testados foram eficazes na diminuição das contagens de Candida, e diferenças estatisticamente significantes foram observadas entre as contagens inicial e final nos dois grupos. Considerando o percentual de redução, o cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol apresentou resultados mais favoráveis, promovendo uma redução de 70%, ao passo que para o cimento de ionômero de vidro esse valor foi de 46%. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, concluiu-se que a adequação de meio é um procedimento eficaz na redução das contagens de Candida spp. na cavidade bucal, especialmente quando o cimento de óxido de zinco e eugenol é utilizado.The effects of oral environment stabilization procedures on counts of Candida spp. have rarely been discussed, and no conclusive results are found in the literature. The aim of this study was thus to ascertain the effects of oral environment stabilization procedures with glass ionomer and zinc oxide-eugenol cements on counts of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of children. For this purpose, oral rinses of sterile phosphate-buffered saline were initially collected from 30 boys and 30 girls, positive for Candida in the saliva and aged from 4 to 10 years. Data on the initial quantity of CFU/ml of Candida were obtained. Then, the children were randomly divided into two groups and oral environment stabilization procedures were performed using zinc oxide-eugenol cement or glass ionomer cement. One week after the procedures were performed, oral rinses were collected again and final Candida counts were obtained. An expressive reduction in Candida counts was observed in both groups. The zinc oxide-eugenol and glass ionomer cements were efficient in the reduction of Candida counts and statistically significant differences were observed between initial and final counts in both groups. Considering the percentage of reduction, the zinc oxide-eugenol cement presented more favorable results, with a reduction of 70%. A reduction of 46% was observed with the use of the glass ionomer cement. According to the obtained results, we concluded that oral environment stabilization procedures were efficient in reducing Candida spp. counts, especially when the zinc oxide-eugenol cement was employed
Presence of Candida spp. in the oral cavity of heart transplantation patients
Candida spp. can lead to infections or even fungal sepsis particularly among immunocompromized individuals. OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to analyze the presence of Candida spp. among patients subjected to orthotopic heart transplantation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Oral rinses from 50 patients subjected to orthotopic heart transplantation, aged 13 to 70 years, 40 males and 10 females, were examined. Sex-age-oral conditions matched-control included 50 individuals who were not subjected to any kind of transplantation and were not immunocompromized for any other reason. Counts of yeasts were expressed as median values of logarithm of cfu/mL and were statistically compared by Mann-Whitney's test. The heart transplant and control groups were compared for the presence of Candida spp. by chi-square test (
Pêras Secadas, Promoção de um Produto Agro-Alimentar Tradicional Utilizando Metodologia Científica.
O Projecto intitulado “Pêras secadas, promoção de um produto agro-alimentar
tradicional utilizando metodologia científica” é financiado pela Fundação para a
Ciência e Tecnologia, tendo-se iniciado em Maio de 2007 e prolongando-se até Maio
de 2010. O mesmo tem duas vertentes, uma de investigação fundamental em que se
procura estudar as relações entre o estado de maturação e a cinética de secagem,
bem como as transformações (macro)moleculares e macroestruturais durante o
processo de secagem; e outra de investigação tecnológica aplicada, com o
desenvolvimento de diferentes tipos de sistemas de secagem específicos para frutos.
O projecto tem ainda como objective final o aumento da capacidade de criação de
valor económico por parte do sector agro-alimentar
Thermomechanical surface instability at the origin of surface fissure patterns on heated circular MDF samples
When a flat sample of medium density fibreboard (MDF) is exposed to radiant
heat in an inert atmosphere, primary crack patterns suddenly start to appear
over the entire surface before pyrolysis and any charring occurs. Contrary to
common belief that crack formation is due to drying and shrinkage, it was
demonstrated for square samples that this results from thermomechanical
instability.
In the present paper, new experimental data are presented for circular
samples of the same MDF material. The sample was exposed to radiant heating at
20 or 50 kW/m2, and completely different crack patterns with independent
Eigenmodes were observed at the two heat fluxes. We show that the two patterns
can be reproduced with a full 3-D thermomechanical surface instability model of
a hot layer adhered to an elastic colder foundation in an axisymmetric domain.
Analytical and numerical solutions of a simplified 2-D formulation of the same
problem provide excellent qualitative agreement between observed and calculated
patterns.
Previous data for square samples together with the results reported in the
present paper for circular samples confirm the validity of the model for
qualitative predictions, and indicate that further refinements can be made to
improve its quantitative predictive capability.Comment: 9 pages, 13 figures. New title and abstract, added experimental and
simulation details and figures, conclusions unchanged. Matches the version
published in Fire And Material
In vitro adherence of Candida albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis
Adherence is considered an extremely important virulence factor in yeast. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze the adherence to epithelial cells of C. albicans isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis in comparison to healthy patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Candida albicans cells isolated from individuals with chronic periodontitis (n=25) and healthy controls (n=25) were included in this study. Suspensions of C. albicans (10(6) cells/mL) and epithelial cells (10(5) cells/mL) were mixed and incubated at 37ºC for 1 h. The number of yeasts adhered to 25 epithelial cells was counted. RESULTS: The number of C. albicans cells adhered to epithelial cells was statistically higher in the chronic periodontitis group than in the control group (Student's t-test, p=0.000). CONCLUSION:The results of the present study suggest a higher Candida adherence of samples isolated from patients with chronic periodontitis
In vitro evaluation of the action of irrigating solutions associated with intracanal medications on Escherichia coli and its endotoxin in root canals
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effcacy of auxiliary chemical substances and intracanal medications on Escherichia coli and its endotoxin in root canals. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Teeth were contaminated with a suspension of E. coli for 14 days and divided into 3 groups according to the auxiliary chemical substance used: G1) 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G2) 2% chlorhexidine gel (CLX); G3) pyrogenfree solution. After, these groups were subdivided according to the intracanal medication (ICM): A) Calcium hydroxide paste (Calen®), B) polymyxin B, and C) Calcium hydroxide paste+2% CLX gel. For the control group (G4), pyrogen-free saline solution was used without application of intracanal medication. Samples of the root canal content were collected immediately after biomechanical preparation (BMP), at 7 days after BMP, after 14 days of intracanal medication activity, and 7 days after removal of intracanal medication. The following aspects were evaluated for all collections: a) antimicrobial activity; b) quantifcation of endotoxin by the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate test (LAL). Results were analyzed by the Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's tests at 5% signifcance level. RESULTS: The 2.5% NaOCl and CLX were able to eliminate E. coli from root canal lumen and reduced the amount of endotoxin compared to saline. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that 2.5% NaOCl and CLX were effective in eliminating E. coli. Only the studied intracanal medications were to reduce the amount of endotoxin present in the root canals, regardless of the irrigant used
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