The storage capacity of underground gas storages in the Czech republic

Sources of natural gas are in most cases located in remote areas far from the places where the gas is utilized, i.e. especially developed industrial countries to which it is transported via pipeline. However, transit gas pipelines, which are transporting extracted gas to the consumers, have a relatively limited peak capacity, the transit supplies essentially have a stable character and are not able to cover increased seasonal or peak demands for gas in gas distribution networks. The solution of this problem is the main task for underground gas storages (UGS) that through the operative regulation maintain stability and reliability of the entire gas system. This article provides a general list of options that can increase the storage capacity of natural gas in underground gas storages and focuses on factors that influence the options of an individual UGS

BROADBAND MATCHING FOR CIRCUITS WITH RESISTIVE TERMINATIONS

The work presented here explores the broadband matching characteristics for repre-sentative circuits with resistive terminations for frequencies up to 40 GHz, the typical band of interest for 100 Gigabit Ethernet (100GbE) applications. A simple test circuit comprised of high-frequency connectors, microstrip transmission lines and resistive terminations was de-signed and fabricated to better understand the mechanisms affecting broadband matching. High fidelity measurements were performed using both a vector network analyzer (VNA) and a time-domain reflectometer (TDR). The data provided by these two devices were used to isolate the broadband behavior of the individual circuit components through the time-gating process, and that process showed the microstrip transmission line on FR-4 to be the greatest contributor to high-frequency mismatch. One facet of the work presented here was to explore the accuracy of a state-of-the-art electromagnetics model in estimating the broadband behavior of the test circuit. Comparisons of measured and modeled data are provided here, and those comparisons show reasonable agreement

Modification of Targeting Camera for a Remote Laser Spectroscopy

Bakaláská práce se zabývá úpravou zamovací kamery pro dálkovou laserovou spektroskopii. Zamovací kamera bude použita na jednotce dálkové laserové spektroskopie sloužící pro zkoumání vlastností dálkové laserové spektroskopie v laboratoi ÚFI VUT v Brn a pro studium vlivu externího prostedí na schopnost analýzy. Práce obsahuje struný pehled souasného stavu poznání, návrhy konstruk ních variant a popis ástí navrhovaného zaízení.The bachelor thesis deals with the modification of targeting camera for remote laser spectroscopy. Targeting camera will be used on remote laser spectroscopy unit to study its features in laboratory of Institute of Physical Engineering on University of Mechanical Engineering Brno and to study the affect of external environment to analytic ability. The thesis contains a brief overview of the current stage of knowledge, designs of stroctural variations and the description of parts of designed device.

Hantavirus Infection in the Republic of Georgia

We describe a laboratory-confirmed case of hantavirus infection in the Republic of Georgia. Limited information is available about hantavirus infections in the Caucasus, although the infection has been reported throughout Europe and Russia. Increasing awareness and active disease surveillance contribute to our improved understanding of the geographic range of this pathogen

Potential Unconventional Gas Plays in Mature Basin of the Czech Republic

The presence of unconventional resources has been proven in deeper parts of mature oil and gas provinces and coal basins of the world. In this context, it is worth to focus also on the prospects of unconventional gas production from within hydrocarbon provinces of the Moravian part of the Vienna basin. The estimation of hydrocarbon generation potential of Jurasic marls from the Mikulov Formation of the Czech part of the Vienna Basin was performed based on the Rock Eval pyrolysis

The obedience of Christ in the theology of John Calvin

In the history of dogma, Calvin's doctrine of the Atonement has been described as "a penal substitutionary theory," This judgement calls for a critical re-appraisal. If It is the case, as it surely Is, that In his theology, Calvin sought nothing more than to be faithful to the Biblical witness, then we should expect that his presentation of the doctrine of the Atonement, will not confine itself to two concepts - penalty and substitution - but will reflect something of the variety and comprehensiveness of the Biblical picture of the Work of Christ, The Biblical character of Calvin's doctrine of reconciliation - its manifoldness and richness - can be seen if we take the notion of obedience as the key category. Perhaps this can be made clear in the following way. If we compare Calvin's doctrine of reconciliation to a large mansion in which there are many rooms, then the notion of obedience Is like the spacious central hall, on to which all the rooms of the house open. To enter this hall and to explore it, is both to become aware of the different rooms and to gain access to them. Thus, to investigate the notion of the obedience of Christ is to see the numerous other images which comprise Calvin's presentation of the doctrine of the Atonement: recapitulation, sacrifice, penalty, satisfaction, substitution, representation, and Christus Victor, Calvin employs all these notions and combines them into a concrete whole; but what we are left with is not so much a theory of the Atonement as a rich and comprehensive picture of it.The thesis is divided into three parts. Part One is introductory. To deal properly with Calvin's doctrine of reconciliation, it was necessary to orient his teaching about the Work of Christ, first, to his doctrine of the covenant; and secondly, to his understanding of the concept of Mediator, Chapter One is devoted to a discussion of the relation of the notion of obedience to such concepts as the covenant of gratuitous adoption, the law of the covenant, the sacrifices of the covenant, and the expectation of the new covenant. This investigation prepares the ground for what is argued in Part Two, If the notion of the covenant is fundamental for a right understanding; of his doctrine of reconciliation, Calvin's notion of the 'Mediatorship' of Christ is even more important. What Calvin means by this concept is investigated in Chapter Two, and his doctrine of the Person of the Mediator i3 also considered.Part Two contains the main argument of the thesis. The work of reconciliation, according to Calvin, cannot be limited to the death of Christ, but rather belongs to the whole course of His obedience from His birth to His death. Chapter Three considers the obedience of Christ in assuming the form of a servant; Chapters Four and Five, the different aspects of the obedience of Christ's life. Chapter Six is devoted to a lengthy discussion of the obedience of Christ's death. Here we consider the different images which Calvin used to speak of the death of Christ and also attempt to show how they are related to one another. The final chapter in Part Two is devoted to a consideration of the exaltation of the obedient Servant of God and of His heavenly ministry for us.It is impossible to discuss Calvin's doctrine of reconciliation without also considering how the grace which Christ acquired for us by His obedience becomes ours. Part Three is devoted to this subject. Chapter Eight considers Calvin's doctrine of participato Christi and the fruits of that participation, justification and sanctification. The final chapter is devoted to a discussion of the obedience of the Christian as grounded upon and proceeding from the obedience of Christ

Testing of Sealing Elements for FIB Apparatus Designed to Liquidate Open Eruption by Drilling Tools

Petroleum and natural gas still have their place among the most important resources in many industrial areas. Their global consumption influences an increasing demand on the quality of drilling works and the efficiency of extraction. Nonetheless, even in this field of human activity, we can encounter exceptional events and accidents. One of the most serious kinds of accidents during exploration is the so called open eruption of extracted medium. The specific case of this accident is an open eruption caused by drilling tools when a working crew is not capable of securing drilling workplace. In order to solve this emergency situation, Main Mining Rescue Station Hodonin (HBZS Hodonin),in cooperation with researchers from Faculty of Mining and Geology at VSB -Technical University of Ostrava, designed and developed specialised apparatus DPRP (Drill Pipe Rescue Press), working designation FIB-1. This apparatus enables the liquidation of eruption by pressing the drilling pipe. The residual crack, which remains following the pressing, must be eliminated by sealing materials. This paper reviews the testing of sealing elements (materials), designed by our team, in residual crack of circle shape with help of hydraulic press MTS 816 Rock Test System

Výzkum kolektorských vlastností vybraných horninových vzorků z hlediska možné geosekvestrace CO2

Man-made CO2 emissions (the so called anthropogenic CO2 emissions) and their increasing trend can be, by some scientists, considered a serious menace for the sustainable development of mankind, and their reduction a prerequisite for the environment protection. Carbon dioxide is one of the most important gases that cause a greenhouse effect which warms up the earth surface as a consequence of a different heat flow between the earth and the atmosphere. Our laboratory measurements determined the porosity, permeability and grain density for clastic sedimentary rock samples which were drilled from an underground gas storage facility. Additionally, our results showed a reduction in porosity and permeability after a confining pressure was applied. We assume that this effect is caused by internal structure changes due to the repeatedly increased and decreased net pressure applied to the samples.Emise CO2 vznikající lidskou činností – tzv. antropogenní emise CO2 a jejich vzestupný trend, mohou být některými odborníky považovány za vážné nebezpečí pro udržitelný vývoj lidstva a jejich omezování za nezbytnou podmínku ochrany životního prostředí. Oxid uhličitý je významný z plynů způsobujících skleníkový efekt, který se projevuje oteplováním zemského povrchu v důsledku změn toků tepelného záření mezi zemí a atmosférou. Laboratorní měření poskytla hodnoty porozity a koeficientu propustnosti horninových vzorků, které byly odvrtány z podzemního zásobníku plynu. Naše měření vykázalo snížení kolektorských parametrů horninových vzorků, které bylo způsobeno změnou vnitřní struktury horniny díky opakovanému zvýšení a snížení tlaku na rostlou část vzorku

Is friendship between men and women a virtue?

Friendship as a virtue has been an integral part of ethical discussions in philosophy. However, friendships between men and women have received little philosophical attention, and women were often denied this form of friendship on the basis of their sex. It is the intrinsic value placed on the friend, the direct concern for the other's good and a shared pursuit of goods that defines friendship as a virtue and gives it ethical value. This thesis defends the argument that friendship between men and women can be a virtue. This defense is achieved through the critical analysis of classical theories about friendship, and the practical application of these theories to selected examples of friendship between men and women philosophers. In contrast, philosophical theories that argued friendship between men and women were not possible were also evaluated, and the philosophical basis of these theories was questioned. The examination of particular contemporary ethical theories disclosed specific insights into a philosophical conception of friendship. These theories provided a defense of a virtue-based ethics, and the relevance of friendship within such an ethic. The importance of this topic for contemporary ethics is evident. Our current social problems easily attest to a distorted understanding of the relationship between men and women and the re-examination of this relationship has taken on a vital urgency. The conception of friendship as a virtue provides a different perspective from which to view our relations with others, and specifically between men and wome

Piezoelectric MEMS resonators for sensing applications

Tato práce se věnuje základním postupům a procesům při výrobě mikroelektromechanických systémů. Pozornost je věnována materiálovým vlastnostem, depozičním, litografickým a obráběcím procesům. Dále jsou v práci popsány základní principy a aplikace piezoelektrických rezonančních struktur. Praktická část se věnuje simulaci rezonátorů pomocí metody konečných prvků v simulačním prostředí ANSYS® Workbench, jejich výrobě a ověření funkčnosti a přesnosti simulací.Basic principles and processes used during fabrication of microelectromechanical systems are presented in this work. This thesis is focused on material properties, deposition, lithographic and micromachining processes. Fundamental principles and applications of piezoelectric resonant structures are described as well. Final part of this work is devoted to simulation of resonant beams using FEM method in ANSYS® Workbench, practical fabrication and characterization of piezoelectric MEMS resonators.