Biomimetic microelectronics for regenerative neuronal cuff implants

Smart biomimetics, a unique class of devices combining the mechanical adaptivity of soft actuators with the imperceptibility of microelectronics, is introduced. Due to their inherent ability to self‐assemble, biomimetic microelectronics can firmly yet gently attach to an inorganic or biological tissue enabling enclosure of, for example, nervous fibers, or guide the growth of neuronal cells during regeneration

Entirely flexible on-site conditioned magnetic sensorics

The first entirely flexible integrated magnetic field sensor system is realized consisting of a flexible giant magnetoresistive bridge on-site conditioned using high-performance IGZO-based readout electronics. The system outperforms commercial fully integrated rigid magnetic sensors by at least one order of magnitude, whereas all components stay fully functional when bend to a radius of 5 mm

Идентификация аэродинамических коэффициентов математической модели бокового движения летательного аппарата

Системи автоматичного керування літальним апаратом повинні забезпечувати точну і швидку реакцію на командний вплив, незважаючи на значні зміни умов польоту. Адаптивне керування є одним з основних методів вирішення таких проблем як точне і швидке визначення поточних параметрів під час польоту. У даній статті запропонований метод, який є вдосконаленим методом ідентифікації на основі синтезу адаптивної системи. Він поєднує переваги відомих методів ідентифікації аеродинамічних коефіцієнтів поданих у відкритих джерелах. Метод ідентифікації аеродинамічних коефіцієнтів дозволяє досить добре визначати аеродинамічні коефіцієнти із записів льотних випробувань: після проведення ідентифікації збільшується ступінь збіжності перехідних процесів реального ЛА і його математичної моделі. Цей метод забезпечить підвищення точності ідентифікації параметрів руху ЛА.The aim of this work is to develop improved methods of identifying the aerodynamic coefficients based on the synthesis of adaptive system, an adaptive algorithm aiming to identify and study the relations to identify and refine the aerodynamic parameters not maneuver lateral motion of the aircraft. The method combines the advantages of the known methods for the identification of the aerodynamic coefficients, which are presented in the public domain. The main problem lies in the fact that by traditional flight test aerodynamic coefficients are a set of discrete values. Linear model, which then is used does not describe accurately coefficients in flight, especially when changing parameters in a wide range of flight. The basic idea of the method consists in the following: synthesizing adaptive system that eliminates the inconsistency between the calculated values of the phase coordinates by which to identify and value, taken from the record flight tests. Simulation of changes in time of the phase coordinates is based on the results of other flight tests phase coordinates and mathematical model aircraft. After processing the records modified aircraft movement on the proposed algorithm we obtain the value of aerodynamic coefficients as a function of time for small changes in the parameters of flight and as a function of angle, angular velocity and deviation of steering for changing flight parameters in large range. The method of identification of the aerodynamic coefficients can fairly well determine the aerodynamic coefficients from flight test records: after identification increases the degree of real convergence of transient aircraft and its mathematical model. This method will improve the accuracy of identification of the aircraft motion parameters and therefore improve the quality of control.Системы автоматического управления летательным аппаратом должны обеспечивать точную и быструю реакцию на командное влияние, несмотря на значительные изменения условий полета. Адаптивное управление является одним из основных методов решения таких проблем как точное и быстрое определение текущих параметров вовремя полета. В данной статье предложен метод, который является усовершенствованным методом идентификации на основе синтеза адаптивной системы. Он сочетает преимущества известных методов идентификации аэродинамических коэффициентов, которые представлены в открытых источниках. Метод идентификации аэродинамических коэффициентов позволяет достаточно хорошо определять аэродинамические коэффициенты из записей летных испытаний: после проведения идентификации увеличивается степень сходимости переходных процессов реального ЛА и его математической модели. Этот метод обеспечит повышение точности идентификации параметров движения ЛА

Численно - аналитический подход к определению производных устойчивости и управляемости в продольном канале беспилотного летательного аппарата нормальной схемы при малых дозвуковых скоростях полета

Розглянуті питання визначення похідних стійкості та керованості безпілотного літального апарату нормальної схеми з малою дозвуковою швидкістю польоту у поздовжньому каналі. Запропоновано чисельно-аналітичний підхід до визначення похідних стійкості та керованості на основі аналізу результатів продувок моделей в аеродинамічній трубі та проведених аналітичних досліджень. Отримані результати дають можливість аналізувати рух БПЛА у поздовжньому каналі, визначати коефіцієнти математичної моделі БПЛА, визначати характеристики стійкості та керованості БПЛА при проектуванні систем автоматичного керування.The problems of determining the stability and control derivatives of small subsonic UAV in the longitudinal channel are solved. An approach to the stability and control derivatives determination based on the analysis results of wind tunnel investigation and analyzes conducted. To the longitudinal movement usually referred traffic aircraft where it is in the plane of symmetry of one and the same vertical plane. Thus the aerodynamic lateral force, rolling moment and yaw angles of heel and slip and angular velocity of roll and glide zero. To investigate the longitudinal motion of the aircraft (movement in the longitudinal channel) important issue is to determine the components of the aerodynamic forces and moments as a function of the kinematic parameters of the flight, the so-called aerodynamic derivatives. Given that the object is a lightweight UAV that has subsonic range of operating speeds, significantly less than the speed of sound, it should be noted that the derivative of the coefficient of lift coefficient and drag coefficient for longitudinal moment of flight speed can be taken to be zero at subsonic speed range. This is due to the fact that these values are almost constant with airspeed, lower the speed of sound. Change the value of these parameters with growth rate appears only when approaching the speed of sound, due to changes in the position of the center of pressure and the additional impedance. Also, when calculating stability derivatives are generally neglected by changing the drag because the drag value of derivatives are small and commensurate with the error of the calculation methods. Derivatives of lift coefficient by the following kinematic parameters: angle of attack, the angular velocity of rotation around the transverse axis, rate of change of angle of attack and angle of elevator deflection are defined. Obtained results make it possible to analyze the movement of the UAV in the longitudinal channel and determinate the coefficients of a mathematical model of the UAV. Also possible to determinate the stability and controllability of the UAV during automatic control systems design.Рассмотрены вопросы определения производных устойчивости и управляемости беспилотного летательного аппарата нормальной схемы с малой дозвуковой скоростью полета в продольном канале. Предложен численно-аналитический подход к определению производных устойчивости и управляемости на основе анализа результатов продувок моделей в аэродинамической трубе и проведенных аналитических исследований. Полученные результаты дают возможность анализировать движение БПЛА в продольном канале, определять коэффициенты математической модели БПЛА, определять характеристики устойчивости и управляемости БПЛА при проектировании систем автоматического управления

Compact helical antenna for smart implant applications

Smart implants are envisioned to revolutionize personal health care by assessing physiological processes, for example, upon wound healing, and communicating these data to a patient or medical doctor. The compactness of the implants is crucial to minimize discomfort during and after implantation. The key challenge in realizing small-sized smart implants is high-volume cost- and time-efficient fabrication of a compact but efficient antenna, which is impedance matched to 50 Ω, as imposed by the requirements of modern electronics. Here, we propose a novel route to realize arrays of 5.5-mm-long normal mode helical antennas operating in the industry-scientific-medical radio bands at 5.8 and 2.4 GHz, relying on a self-assembly process that enables large-scale high-yield fabrication of devices. We demonstrate the transmission and receiving signals between helical antennas and the communication between an antenna and a smartphone. Furthermore, we successfully access the response of an antenna embedded in a tooth, mimicking a dental implant. With a diameter of ~0.2 mm, these antennas are readily implantable using standard medical syringes, highlighting their suitability for in-body implant applications

High-performance magnetic sensorics for printable and flexible electronics

High‐performance giant magnetoresistive (GMR) sensorics are realized, which are printed at predefined locations on flexible circuitry. Remarkably, the printed magnetosensors remain fully operational over the complete consumer temperature range and reveal a giant magnetoresistance up to 37% and a sensitivity of 0.93 T−1 at 130 mT. With these specifications, printed magnetoelectronics can be controlled using flexible active electronics for the realization of smart packaging and energy‐efficient switches

High-Performance Flexible Magnetic Tunnel Junctions for Smart Miniaturized Instruments

Flexible electronics is an emerging field in many applications ranging from in vivo biomedical devices to wearable smart systems. The capability of conforming to curved surfaces opens the door to add electronic components to miniaturized instruments, where size and weight are critical parameters. Given their prevalence on the sensors market, flexible magnetic sensors play a major role in this progress. For many high-performance applications, magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) have become the first choice, due to their high sensitivity, low power consumption etc. MTJs are also promising candidates for non-volatile next-generation data storage media and, hence, could become central components of wearable electronic devices. In this work, a generic low-cost regenerative batch fabrication process is utilized to transform rigid MTJs on a 500 {\mu}m silicon wafer substrate into 5 {\mu}m thin, mechanically flexible silicon devices, and ensuring optimal utilization of the whole substrate. This method maintains the outstanding magnetic properties, which are only obtained by deposition of the MTJ on smooth high-quality silicon wafers. The flexible MTJs are highly reliable and resistive to mechanical stress. Bending of the MTJ stacks with a diameter as small as 500 {\mu}m is possible without compromising their performance and an endurance of over 1000 cycles without fatigue has been demonstrated. The flexible MTJs were mounted onto the tip of a cardiac catheter with 2 mm in diameter without compromising their performance. This enables the detection of magnetic fields and the angle which they are applied at with a high sensitivity of 4.93 %/Oe and a low power consumption of 0.15 {\mu}W, while adding only 8 {\mu}g and 15 {\mu}m to the weight and diameter of the catheter, respectively.Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, Intermag 201

Active Matrix Flexible Sensory Systems: Materials, Design, Fabrication, and Integration

A variety of modern applications including soft robotics, prosthetics, and health monitoring devices that cover electronic skins (e-skins), wearables as well as implants have been developed within the last two decades to bridge the gap between artificial and biological systems. During this development, high-density integration of various sensing modalities into flexible electronic devices becomes vitally important to improve the perception and interaction of the human bodies and robotic appliances with external environment. As a key component in flexible electronics, the flexible thin-film transistors (TFTs) have seen significant advances, allowing for building flexible active matrices. The flexible active matrices have been integrated with distributed arrays of sensing elements, enabling the detection of signals over a large area. The integration of sensors within pixels of flexible active matrices has brought the application scenarios to a higher level of sophistication with many advanced functionalities. Herein, recent progress in the active matrix flexible sensory systems is reviewed. The materials used to construct the semiconductor channels, the dielectric layers, and the flexible substrates for the active matrices are summarized. The pixel designs and fabrication strategies for the active matrix flexible sensory systems are briefly discussed. The applications of the flexible sensory systems are exemplified by reviewing pressure sensors, temperature sensors, photodetectors, magnetic sensors, and biosignal sensors. At the end, the recent development is summarized and the vision on the further advances of flexible active matrix sensory systems is provided

Rolled‐Up Self‐Assembly of Compact Magnetic Inductors, Transformers, and Resonators

3D self-assembly of lithographically patterned ultrathin films opens a path to manufacture microelectronic architectures with functionalities and integration schemes not accessible by conventional 2D technologies. Among other microelectronic components, inductances, transformers, antennas, and resonators often rely on 3D configurations and interactions with electromagnetic fields requiring exponential fabrication efforts when downscaled to the micrometer range. Here, the controlled self-assembly of functional structures is demonstrated. By rolling up ultrathin films into cylindrically shaped microelectronic devices, electromagnetic resonators, inductive and mutually coupled coils are realized. Electrical performance of these devices is improved purely by transformation of a planar into a cylindrical geometry. This is accompanied by an overall downscaling of the device footprint area by more than 50 times. Application of compact self-assembled microstructures has significant impact on electronics, reducing size, fabrication efforts, and offering a wealth of new features in devices by 3D shaping

Rolled-up self-assembly of compact magnetic inductors, transformers and resonators

Three-dimensional self-assembly of lithographically patterned ultrathin films opens a path to manufacture microelectronic architectures with functionalities and integration schemes not accessible by conventional two-dimensional technologies. Among other microelectronic components, inductances, transformers, antennas and resonators often rely on three-dimensional configurations and interactions with electromagnetic fields requiring exponential fabrication efforts when downscaled to the micrometer range. Here, the controlled self-assembly of functional structures is demonstrated. By rolling-up ultrathin films into cylindrically shaped microelectronic devices we realized electromagnetic resonators, inductive and mutually coupled coils. Electrical performance of these devices is improved purely by transformation of a planar into a cylindrical geometry. This is accompanied by an overall downscaling of the device footprint area by more than 50 times. Application of compact self-assembled microstructures has significant impact on electronics, reducing size, fabrication efforts, and offering a wealth of new features in devices by 3D shaping.Comment: 19 pages, 3 figures, 6 supplementary figure