27 research outputs found

    Burial cairns in the region of the ancient bay of Panelia. A study of cultural formation processes

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    Arkeologia ja muuttuva keskiajan kirjallisen kulttuurin kuva

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    In this article, I present some main features of the archaeology of written culture with emphasis on medieval Finland, especially its urban and ecclesiastical contexts. Could archaeology challenge the traditional view of medieval society, which has regarded the skills of writing and reading to be chiefly privileges of the upper strata of society? Archaeological examples of the use of writing/reading skills in more diverse, everyday contexts come from many parts of Europe. Writing tools are common finds also in Finnish excavations of medieval contexts. Moreover, a large number of pieces from books, i.e. mounts and clasps, have been discovered. The third important group are the artefacts with inscriptions. The number of objects connected to writing seems to be steadily growing due to the increase of archaeological excavations carried out. It is obvious that basic research on the artefacts connected to writing/reading must be carried out before conclusions can be drawn about the culture of writing and its development in time, place, and different social contexts.PitkÀÀn vallitsi kÀsitys, ettÀ luku- ja kirjoitustaito olivat Pohjoismaissa keskiajalla lÀhinnÀ kirkon edustajien ja maallisen eliitin etuoikeuksia. Voiko arkeologinen tutkimus muuttaa tÀtÀ historiankuvaa? Viime vuosina Suomessa tehtyjen arkeologisten kaivaustutkimusten tuloksena on saatu paljon uutta kirjoittamiseen liittyvÀÀ lÀhdeaineistoa. Pohdin tÀssÀ artikkelissa arkeologian mahdollisuuksia vastata kysymyksiin, jotka liittyvÀt keskiajan kirjalliseen kulttuuriin

    Something Distinct, or Business as Usual? Interpreting the Plan of the Late Medieval Bridgettine Monastery in Naantali, Finland

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    This article analyses modern interpretations of the medieval plan of the Bridgettine Monastery of Naantali, Finland. Instead of seeing the distinct spatial organisation as deviation from the Bridgettine norm, we consider it as an expression of a medieval process, by which monastic principles were re-conceptualised in order to be realised in material form. This perspective builds on the shift in thinking that has taken place in the study of medieval urban planning. Instead of being ‘organic’, meaning disorganised, medieval urban development has come to be considered as intentional, guided by general principles, although not in a manner that is always obvious to the modern mind. We concur that models such as St Bridget’s visions and the plan of Vadstena Abbey are important tools for reconstructing medieval monastic plans. Meanwhile, we propose that such models can also add latent and counterproductive baggage to this field of study by encouraging modern expectations of regularity within monastic architecture. If the designs of monasteries do not follow such models perfectly, discrepancies are often erroneously misconceived as indications of the builders’ insufficient skills and knowledge

    En tolkning – och omtolkning – av ett benföremĂ„l med djurhuvud frĂ„n mĂ„nberget i Åbo

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    Hösten 1959 hittades ett mĂ€rkligt spetsigt benföremĂ„l av lokala invĂ„nare pĂ„ MĂ„nberget i Åbo. UtgĂ„ende frĂ„n paralleller till tre benföremĂ„l hittade i Lund, kom föremĂ„let att bli katalogiserat som ett skrivverktyg, och mer precist; en medeltida griffel (stylus). En AMS-datering hösten 2013 av nĂ€mnda föremĂ„l visade dock att det Ă€r betydligt yngre; 150 +-30 före nutid. Det hĂ€r innebĂ€r att föremĂ„let kan dateras till en period frĂ„n sent 1600-tal till tidigt 1900-tal. Det hĂ€r resultatet pĂ„verkar tolkningen av föremĂ„let och dess antagna funktion betydligt. Den hĂ€r artikeln tar upp forskningsprocessen kring MĂ„nbergsfyndet och analyserar det utgĂ„ende frĂ„n nya jĂ€mförbara fynd, scanner- och printerteknik samt resultat frĂ„n C14-dateringar. Med grund i den hĂ€r analysen presenteras en kritik mot att dessa benföremĂ„l tolkats som grifflar. IstĂ€llet mĂ„ste nya tolkningar sökas. Det Ă€r plausibelt att MĂ„nbergsfyndet och dess paralleller var de facto nĂ„lliknande verktyg som anvĂ€nts i nĂ„got numera bortglömt hantverk, möjligen med maskulin och/eller maritim prĂ€gel, som fallit utanför vĂ„r nuvarande arkeologiska och etnologiska expertis i studiet av materiell kultur

    Historiallinen arkeologia

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    Yhteistyö nuorten opinto- ja uraohjauksessa

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    Nuorten opinto- ja uraohjaus on monitahoinen ja toi-minnallisesti laaja kokonaisuus. Sen avulla pyritÀÀn te-hostamaan opintoja ja lyhentÀmÀÀn opiskeluaikoja, tu-kemaan työelÀmÀssÀ tapahtuvia siirtymiÀ sekÀ ehkÀise-mÀÀn syrjÀytymistÀ. Asetettujen tavoitteiden laajuus ja monialaisuus edellyttÀvÀt useiden toimijoiden osallistu-mista ohjauspalveluiden tuottamiseen paikallisella ta-solla, kunnissa. TÀssÀ tapaustutkimuksessa kuvataan, miten opinto- ja uraohjauksen verkosto sekÀ siinÀ tapahtuva yhteistyö toimii erÀÀssÀ etelÀsuomalaisessa kunnassa. Tutkimus-raportti esittÀÀ ongelmat, mutta tarjoaa myös ratkaisuja ohjaustyön tekijöille, suunnittelijoille ja tutkijoille

    Temporal Fluctuation in North East Baltic Sea Region Cattle Population Revealed by Mitochondrial and Y-Chromosomal DNA Analyses

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    Background Ancient DNA analysis offers a way to detect changes in populations over time. To date, most studies of ancient cattle have focused on their domestication in prehistory, while only a limited number of studies have analysed later periods. Conversely, the genetic structure of modern cattle populations is well known given the undertaking of several molecular and population genetic studies. Results Bones and teeth from ancient cattle populations from the North-East Baltic Sea region dated to the Prehistoric (Late Bronze and Iron Age, 5 samples), Medieval (14), and Post-Medieval (26) periods were investigated by sequencing 667 base pairs (bp) from the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and 155 bp of intron 19 in the Y-chromosomal UTY gene. Comparison of maternal (mtDNA haplotypes) genetic diversity in ancient cattle (45 samples) with modern cattle populations in Europe and Asia (2094 samples) revealed 30 ancient mtDNA haplotypes, 24 of which were shared with modern breeds, while 6 were unique to the ancient samples. Of seven Y-chromosomal sequences determined from ancient samples, six were Y2 and one Y1 haplotype. Combined data including Swedish samples from the same periods (64 samples) was compared with the occurrence of Y-chromosomal haplotypes in modern cattle (1614 samples). Conclusions The diversity of haplogroups was highest in the Prehistoric samples, where many haplotypes were unique. The Medieval and Post-Medieval samples also show a high diversity with new haplotypes. Some of these haplotypes have become frequent in modern breeds in the Nordic Countries and North-Western Russia while other haplotypes have remained in only a few local breeds or seem to have been lost. A temporal shift in Y-chromosomal haplotypes from Y2 to Y1 was detected that corresponds with the appearance of new mtDNA haplotypes in the Medieval and Post-Medieval period. This suggests a replacement of the Prehistoric mtDNA and Y- chromosomal haplotypes by new types of cattle.Peer reviewe

    LÀhipalvelukeskuksen palvelujen kehittÀminen asiakastutkimusta hyödyntÀen, Case: Hertsi

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    TĂ€mĂ€n toiminnallisen opinnĂ€ytetyön toimeksiantajana on lĂ€hipalvelukeskus Hertsi. Työn tavoitteena on luoda kehittĂ€misehdotuksia toimeksiantoyritykselle sekĂ€ hankkia tietoa sen asiakaskunnasta. Työn tarkoituksena on kehittÀÀ Hertsin palveluliiketoimintaa sekĂ€ parantaa tĂ€tĂ€ kautta myös asiakaskokemusta. OpinnĂ€ytetyötĂ€ varten toteutettiin tutkimus, jonka aiheina olivat Hertsin asiakkaat, heidĂ€n tarpeensa ja toiveensa sekĂ€ kauppakeskuksen hyvĂ€t ja huonot puolet. Teoreettinen viitekehys kĂ€sittelee kauppakeskusliiketoimintaa toimialana Suomessa ja yleisesti. Teoriaosuudessa perehdytÀÀn myös asiakaslĂ€htöiseen liiketoimintaan palvelun laadun ja asiakaskokemuksen kautta. LisĂ€ksi kĂ€sitellÀÀn tutkimuskirjallisuuteen pohjautuen tieteellistĂ€ tutkimusta ja sen tekemistĂ€ sekĂ€ siihen liittyviĂ€ menetelmiĂ€. TyössĂ€ kĂ€ytettiin sekĂ€ kvalitatiivista ettĂ€ kvantitatiivista tutkimusta. TutkimusmenetelmistĂ€ pÀÀdyttiin pÀÀasiallisena kĂ€yttĂ€mÀÀn kyselylomaketta, joka toteutettiin sĂ€hköisenĂ€ internetkyselynĂ€. Kysely tavoitti yhteensĂ€ 792 vastaajaa. Toisena tutkimusmenetelmĂ€nĂ€ kĂ€ytettiin havainnointia HertsissĂ€. NĂ€iden lisĂ€ksi kohdeyritykseen perehtymisen työkaluna kĂ€ytettiin SWOT-analyysia, jonka avulla havainnollistettiin kauppakeskuksen vahvuuksia, heikkouksia, uhkia ja mahdollisuuksia. KeskeisimpĂ€nĂ€ tuotoksena työn teoria- ja tutkimusosuuden perusteella luotiin konkreettisia kehitysehdotuksia toimeksiantajan kĂ€yttöön. Ehdotuksia sekĂ€ tutkimuksessa syntynyttĂ€ asiakastietoa voidaan hyödyntÀÀ Hertsin palvelujen kehittĂ€misessĂ€ ja asiakaskokemuksen parantamisessa. Työn voidaan siis katsoa saavuttaneen sille asetetut tavoitteet hyvin.The commissioner of this functional thesis is Hertsi shopping center. The objective of the thesis is to create development suggestions for the commissioner and to collect information about their customer base. The purpose of this thesis is to develop Hertsi’s services, which would also improve their overall customer experience. The research, which is executed as a part of the thesis, is about Hertsi’s customers and their hopes and needs as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the shopping center in question. The theoretical framework of this thesis contains information about shopping centers as an industry in Finland and in general. The theoretical section also covers quality of services and customer experience from the point of view of a customer-oriented business activity. In addition, this thesis contains theory about scientific research, how to execute it and the methods used that were based on the literature review. In this thesis both qualitative and quantitative research methods were used. The primary method used for the research was electronic questionnaire, which was answered on the Internet. The questionnaire received 792 answers. As a secondary method, objective observation was implemented in Hertsi by the researchers. In order to get acquainted with the commissioner company, SWOT-analysis was used as a support tool to demonstrate strenghts, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats of the shopping center. The main outcome of the thesis were concrete development suggestions and customer information for the commissioner so that it can improve the services and customer experience. The suggestions were created based on theory and results obtained from the research. Altogether, this thesis met its objectives well
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