Immediate and Legacy Effects of Urban Pollution on River Ecosystem Functioning: a Mesocosm Experiment

Effluents from urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) consist of complex mixtures of substances that can affect processes in the receiving ecosystems. Some of these substances (toxic contaminants) stress biological activity at all concentrations, while others (e.g., nutrients) subsidize it at low concentrations and stress it above a threshold, causing subsidy-stress responses. Thus, the overall effects of WWTP effluents depend mostly on their composition and the dilution capacity of the receiving water bodies. We assessed the immediate and legacy effects of WWTP effluents in artificial streams, where we measured the uptake of soluble reactive phosphorus (SRP) by the biofilm, biomass accrual, benthic metabolism and organic matter decomposition (OMD). In a first phase (32 d), the channels were subjected to a gradient of effluent contribution, from pure stream water to pure effluent. WWTP effluent affected the ecosystem processes we measured, although we found no clear subsidy-stress patterns except for biofilm biomass accrual. Instead, most of the processes were subsidized, although they showed complex and process-specific patterns. Benthic metabolism and OMD were subsidized without saturation, as they peaked at medium and high levels of pollution, respectively, but they never fell below control levels. SRP uptake was the only process that decreased with increasing effluent concentration. In a second phase of the experiment (23 d), all channels were kept on pure stream water to analyse the legacy effects of the effluent. For most of the processes, there were clear legacy effects, which followed either subsidy, stress, or subsidy-stress patterns. SRP uptake capacity was stressed with increasing pollution legacy, whereas algal accrual and benthic metabolism continued being subsidized. Conversely, biofilm biomass accrual and OMD showed no legacy effects. Overall, the WWTP effluent caused complex and process-specific responses in our experiment, mainly driven by the mixed contribution of subsidizers and stressors. These results help improving our understanding of the effects of urban pollution on stream ecosystem functioning. Copyright © 2018 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.This research was supported by the European Union 7th Framework Programme (GLOBAQUA; 603629-ENV-2013-6.2.1). Authors also acknowledge the financial support from the University of the Basque Country (pre-doctoral fellowship to O. Pereda), the Basque Government (Consolidated Research Group: Stream Ecology 7-CA-18/10), and the Economy and Knowledge Department of the Catalan Government (Consolidated Research Group: ICRA-ENV 2017 SGR 1124). Authors are also especially grateful to Maria Casellas, Carme Font, Carmen Gutiérrez, Ferran Romero and Laia Sabater-Liesa for their assistance during the laboratory experiments

Long-Term Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Severe Treatment-Resistant Autoimmune Cytopenia in Children

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Mortality from gastrointestinal congenital anomalies at 264 hospitals in 74 low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries: a multicentre, international, prospective cohort study

Summary Background Congenital anomalies are the fifth leading cause of mortality in children younger than 5 years globally. Many gastrointestinal congenital anomalies are fatal without timely access to neonatal surgical care, but few studies have been done on these conditions in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We compared outcomes of the seven most common gastrointestinal congenital anomalies in low-income, middle-income, and high-income countries globally, and identified factors associated with mortality. Methods We did a multicentre, international prospective cohort study of patients younger than 16 years, presenting to hospital for the first time with oesophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, intestinal atresia, gastroschisis, exomphalos, anorectal malformation, and Hirschsprung’s disease. Recruitment was of consecutive patients for a minimum of 1 month between October, 2018, and April, 2019. We collected data on patient demographics, clinical status, interventions, and outcomes using the REDCap platform. Patients were followed up for 30 days after primary intervention, or 30 days after admission if they did not receive an intervention. The primary outcome was all-cause, in-hospital mortality for all conditions combined and each condition individually, stratified by country income status. We did a complete case analysis. Findings We included 3849 patients with 3975 study conditions (560 with oesophageal atresia, 448 with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, 681 with intestinal atresia, 453 with gastroschisis, 325 with exomphalos, 991 with anorectal malformation, and 517 with Hirschsprung’s disease) from 264 hospitals (89 in high-income countries, 166 in middleincome countries, and nine in low-income countries) in 74 countries. Of the 3849 patients, 2231 (58·0%) were male. Median gestational age at birth was 38 weeks (IQR 36–39) and median bodyweight at presentation was 2·8 kg (2·3–3·3). Mortality among all patients was 37 (39·8%) of 93 in low-income countries, 583 (20·4%) of 2860 in middle-income countries, and 50 (5·6%) of 896 in high-income countries (p<0·0001 between all country income groups). Gastroschisis had the greatest difference in mortality between country income strata (nine [90·0%] of ten in lowincome countries, 97 [31·9%] of 304 in middle-income countries, and two [1·4%] of 139 in high-income countries; p≤0·0001 between all country income groups). Factors significantly associated with higher mortality for all patients combined included country income status (low-income vs high-income countries, risk ratio 2·78 [95% CI 1·88–4·11], p<0·0001; middle-income vs high-income countries, 2·11 [1·59–2·79], p<0·0001), sepsis at presentation (1·20 [1·04–1·40], p=0·016), higher American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) score at primary intervention (ASA 4–5 vs ASA 1–2, 1·82 [1·40–2·35], p<0·0001; ASA 3 vs ASA 1–2, 1·58, [1·30–1·92], p<0·0001]), surgical safety checklist not used (1·39 [1·02–1·90], p=0·035), and ventilation or parenteral nutrition unavailable when needed (ventilation 1·96, [1·41–2·71], p=0·0001; parenteral nutrition 1·35, [1·05–1·74], p=0·018). Administration of parenteral nutrition (0·61, [0·47–0·79], p=0·0002) and use of a peripherally inserted central catheter (0·65 [0·50–0·86], p=0·0024) or percutaneous central line (0·69 [0·48–1·00], p=0·049) were associated with lower mortality. Interpretation Unacceptable differences in mortality exist for gastrointestinal congenital anomalies between lowincome, middle-income, and high-income countries. Improving access to quality neonatal surgical care in LMICs will be vital to achieve Sustainable Development Goal 3.2 of ending preventable deaths in neonates and children younger than 5 years by 2030

Máster universitario en rehabilitación, restauración y gestión integral del patrimonio construido y de las construcciones existentes (UPV/EHU): X aniversario (2010-2020)

El Máster Universitario en Rehabilitación, Restauración y Gestión Integral del Patrimonio Construido y de las Construcciones Existentes, impartido en la ETS de Arquitectura de la Universidad del País Vasco UPV /EHU, cumplió en su pasada edición (curso académico 2019-2020) los diez años de existencia, en los que se han titulado más de doscientos profesionales. Para celebrar este aniversario, el 26 de noviembre de 2020 se desarrolló una jornada en la que participó el prestigioso arquitecto Emilio Tuñón y en la que se inauguró una exposición de paneles sobre los Trabajos Fin de Máster de la décima edición. Además, se presentó este libro, en el que se incluyen, a modo de artículos, los resultados de los últimos TFM. Con ello se pretende mostrar la calidad y diversidad temática de los trabajos desarrollados por los alumnos egresados, independientemente de su lugar de origen y formación previa. Ciertamente, las investigaciones recopiladas en este volumen reflejan la transversalidad interdisciplinar que caracteriza al propio Máster. En estos trabajos se abordan algunos de los temas que forman parte de las asignaturas de este posgrado, relacionados con la puesta en valor de centros históricos, paisajes culturales y arquitecturas del pasado, los proyectos y criterios de intervención sobre preexistencias patrimoniales, las técnicas de evaluación y caracterización de construcciones antiguas como paso previo a su rehabilitación y conservación, o el planteamiento de retos patrimoniales para el futuro.Máster universitario en rehabilitación, restauración y gestión integral del patrimonio construido y de las construcciones existentes (UPV/EHU

Retrospective survey on the prevalence and outcome of prior autoimmune diseases in patients with aplastic anemia reported to the registry of the European group for blood and marrow transplantation

Aplastic anemia (AA) is rarely described after a diagnosis of autoimmune disease (aID)

Máster universitario en rehabilitación, restauración y gestión integral del patrimonio construido y de las construcciones existentes (UPV/EHU): X aniversario (2010-2020)

El Máster Universitario en Rehabilitación, Restauración y Gestión Integral del Patrimonio Construido y de las Construcciones Existentes, impartido en la ETS de Arquitectura de la Universidad del País Vasco UPV /EHU, cumplió en su pasada edición (curso académico 2019-2020) los diez años de existencia, en los que se han titulado más de doscientos profesionales. Para celebrar este aniversario, el 26 de noviembre de 2020 se desarrolló una jornada en la que participó el prestigioso arquitecto Emilio Tuñón y en la que se inauguró una exposición de paneles sobre los Trabajos Fin de Máster de la décima edición. Además, se presentó este libro, en el que se incluyen, a modo de artículos, los resultados de los últimos TFM. Con ello se pretende mostrar la calidad y diversidad temática de los trabajos desarrollados por los alumnos egresados, independientemente de su lugar de origen y formación previa. Ciertamente, las investigaciones recopiladas en este volumen reflejan la transversalidad interdisciplinar que caracteriza al propio Máster. En estos trabajos se abordan algunos de los temas que forman parte de las asignaturas de este posgrado, relacionados con la puesta en valor de centros históricos, paisajes culturales y arquitecturas del pasado, los proyectos y criterios de intervención sobre preexistencias patrimoniales, las técnicas de evaluación y caracterización de construcciones antiguas como paso previo a su rehabilitación y conservación, o el planteamiento de retos patrimoniales para el futuro.Máster universitario en rehabilitación, restauración y gestión integral del patrimonio construido y de las construcciones existentes (UPV/EHU

Alexis Politis, La conquista di Costantinopoli. Un caso particolare della ricezione di Bisanzio nell'ideologia neogreca

Patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) have a poor prognosis with conventional chemotherapy. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed the outcome of patients with BPDCN who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) or autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT). A total of 39 patients (allo-SCT, n = 34; auto-SCT, n = 5) were identified in the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. The 34 allo-SCT patients had a median age of 41 years (range, 10-70) and received transplantations from sibling (n = 11) or unrelated donors (n = 23) between 2003 and 2009. MAC was used in 74% of patients. Nineteen allo-SCT patients (56%) received transplantations in first complete remission. The 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse, disease-free survival, and overall survival was 32%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. By univariate comparison, being in first remission at allo-SCT favorably influenced survival, whereas age, donor source, and chronic GVHD had no significant impact. We conclude that high-dose therapy followed by allo-SCT from related or unrelated donor

Stem cell transplantation can provide durable disease control in blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: A retrospective study from the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation

Patients with blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) have a poor prognosis with conventional chemotherapy. In the present study, we retrospectively analyzed the outcome of patients with BPDCN who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (allo-SCT) or autologous stem cell transplantation (auto-SCT). A total of 39 patients (allo-SCT, n = 34; auto-SCT, n = 5) were identified in the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation registry. The 34 allo-SCT patients had a median age of 41 years (range, 10-70) and received transplantations from sibling (n = 11) or unrelated donors (n = 23) between 2003 and 2009. MAC was used in 74% of patients. Nineteen allo-SCT patients (56%) received transplantations in first complete remission. The 3-year cumulative incidence of relapse, disease-free survival, and overall survival was 32%, 33%, and 41%, respectively. By univariate comparison, being in first remission at allo-SCT favorably influenced survival, whereas age, donor source, and chronic GVHD had no significant impact. We conclude that high-dose therapy followed by allo-SCT from related or unrelated donors can provide durable remission even in elderly patients with BPDCN. However, it remains to be shown if graft-versus-malignancy effects can contribute significantly to BPDCN control after allo-SCT. © 2013 by The American Society of Hematology.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe