How do psychotherapists experience the psychotherapeutic mitwelt? A comparative study between existential and psychoanalytic practitioners

This study explores how existential and psychoanalytic practitioners experience the therapeutic relationship. Eight participants took part in semi-structured interviews, which focused on experiences and the meaning making processes of the participants. The data obtained from interviews was analysed using thematic analysis. Under four superordinate themes, a total of seven themes were reported on. The categorisation of the themes was drawn up in line with the aims of this study, identifying common ground and differences between the two approaches, and variations within each approach. Existing literature on the relational dimension of existential and psychoanalytic therapies was employed in order to make sense of the findings. The findings were discussed in light of present literature and practices in psychotherapy and counselling psychology. More similarities than differences were detected in the relational experiences of the participants from these two approaches, however, therapeutic actions and the methods employed to make sense of the relational experiences in therapy varied in line with how participants theoretically situate themselves in the consulting room. A separate section was dedicated to the implications of the findings, which may arise for practitioners in the field, in supervisory and training contexts, and for the fields of counselling psychology and psychotherapy. The dissertation concludes with elaborations on the limitations of this present research, recommendations for further research and concluding remarks

SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF ACCUMULATION IN TURKEY (1963 – 2015)

This dissertation analyzes capitalism in Turkey during post-1963 period from social structure of accumulation (SSA) theory perspective. The SSA theory is a theory of interaction of institutions and capital accumulation over long run. This dissertation will be the first book length study on Turkey using SSA Theory approach. It will enrich the SSA literature by adding a case of Turkey, which is a developing country; and hence it will be another example that SSA framework can be extended outside of US. I observe two different SSAs during the period of interest. The first one is Import Substitution Industrialization (ISI) SSA from 1963 to 1980, which I named after dominant economic policy of the era. Turkey had experienced a military coup d’état in 1960, and a new constitution had been established in 1961, which had shaped most of the political and economic institutions, as well as the ideology, of the time. Related with these, the first five-year development plan, which was effective by the very first day of 1963, changed Turkish economy significantly. Chapter 3 presents features of ISI SSA, along with factors that played role in construction, working, and demise of ISI SSA. The second SSA is Neoliberal (NL) SSA from 1980 to 2015. There was a military coup d’état that took place in September 1980, which had dramatic effects on the institutional environment in Turkey. More importantly, in January of the same year, a new set of neoliberal economic policies was put in effect that brought some important changes to Turkish economy. Chapter 4 analyzes features of NL SSA. There are two important phenomena during NL SSA period that deserves in depth analysis: Islamization and highly volatile growth during 1990s. Islamization has been an important part of the ideology of NL SSA in Turkey. Chapter 5 discusses effects of Islamization on both labor-capital and within capital class struggles. Then Chapter 6 presents an econometric model that provides evidence for positive relationship between private investment growth volatility and political instability. This chapter argues that political instability, due to rapidly changing governments, can be one of the reasons of high volatility in gross domestic product growth rate during NL SSA period

Social networking, social harassment and social policy

This paper reports on the misuse of social networking sites (SNS). It was based on a study of 226 students in UK, Sweden, Turkey and France and a panel survey of 1068 Australian adults. Although only a minority of people experienced social harassment and abuse, the distressing nature of the bad experiences suggested that social marketing was needed on several fronts -self-regulation, regulation, education and personal responsibility - in order to minimise these behaviours.<br /

The role of travel intermediaries in the development of sustainable mountain tourism. The case of Turkey

The aim of the study is to investigate the current situation of mountain tourism and its sustainability in Turkey as a new and ascending tourism product. In addition, tourism policies of Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism in the mountain tourism area are scrutinized. Not only the tourism policies of the government are enough to promote a new alternative tourism type, but also the role and effects of tourism middlemen such as travel agencies, tour operators, and tour wholesalers cannot be denied in the promotion of a destination. Mountain tourism can be accepted and classified as one of these mentioned alternative and newly developed types of tourism in many destinations. Therefore, mountain tourism could be one of the best alternative tourism opportunities for many destinations if they have sufficient resources, namely naturally attractive mountains and related infra and/or superstructure

El papel de los intermediarios de viajes en el desarrollo del turismo sostenible de montaña. El caso de Turquía

The aim of the study is to investigate the current situation of mountain tourism and its sustainability in Turkey as a new and ascending tourism product. In addition, tourism policies of Turkish Ministry of Culture and Tourism in the mountain tourism area are scrutinized. Not only the tourism policies of the government are enough to promote a new alternative tourism type, but also the role and effects of tourism middlemen such as travel agencies, tour operators, and tour wholesalers cannot be denied in the promotion of a destination. Mountain tourism can be accepted and classifi ed as one of these mentioned alternative and newly developed types of tourism in many destinations. Therefore, mountain tourism could be one of the best alternative tourism opportunities for many destinations if they have suffi cient resources, namely naturally attractive mountains and related infra and/or superstructure.El objetivo de este estudio es investigar la situación actual del turismo de montaña y su sostenibilidad en Turquía como un nuevo y ascendente producto turístico. Además, las políticas turísticas del Ministerio turco de Cultura y Turismo en el área de turismo de montaña son objeto de revisión. En la promoción del nuevos tipos de turismo alternativo no sólo se encuentra implicada la política turística desarrollada por el gobierno, sino que infl uyen sobremanera el papel y los efectos de los intermediarios turísticos, tales como agencias de viajes, operadores y mayoristas turísticos que promueven un destino. El turismo de montaña puede ser aceptado y se clasifica como una de estas alternativas a los productos más convencionales y se inserta en los tipos de reciente desarrollo en muchos destinos. Por lo tanto, el turismo de montaña podría ser una de las mejores oportunidades de turismo alternativo para muchos destinos si tienen los recursos suficientes, las montañas como atractivos naturales y condiciones infra y superestructurales

Las redes sociales y las decisiones de compra de los consumidores en el turismo: el caso de Turquía

Las redes sociales tienen un papel importante en el proceso de toma de decisiones del consumidor en el turismo como muchas otras empresas. Los comercializadores de turismo y hotelería pueden llegar a más consumidores potenciales en poco tiempo y a un costo menor a través del uso activo de las redes sociales. Este estudio examina el papel de las redes sociales en el proceso de toma de decisiones y las tendencias de compra en línea de los consumidores de turismo y las relaciones potenciales entre la demografía de los participantes y algunas de las variables, como la información obtenida de las redes sociales, la utilización de las redes sociales para los servicios turísticos, el acto de Compra, influencia e intención de compartir experiencias de viaje. Se utilizó un método de encuesta para recopilar datos de varios usuarios de redes sociales, y se empleó Modelización de ecuaciones estructurales para el análisis de datos. De acuerdo a los resultados; Se encontraron relaciones estadísticamente significativas entre las variables de conocimiento sobre servicios turísticos en los medios y las percepciones de utilización, influencia en los clientes, intención de compartir experiencias y actos de compra de servicios turísticos y de hospitalidad.Social media play an important role in the consumer’s decision‑making process in tourism as they do in many other business areas. Tourism and hospitality marketers may reach more potential consumers in a shorter time and at a lower cost through the active use of social media. This study examines the influence of social media on the decision‑making process and online buying trends of tourism consumers and the potential relationships between participant demographics and some of the variables such as information obtained from social media, use of social media for tourism services, the act of buying, influence and intention to share travel experiences. A survey method was used to collect data from various social media users, and Structural Equation Modeling was employed for the data analysis. According to the results; statistically meaningful relationships were found between the variables of knowledge about tourism services in the media and perceptions of use, influence on customers, intention to share experiences and the act of buying tourism and hospitality services

An Historical Institutionalist Account of the Turkish National Security Council's role in Turkey's relationship with the European Union

Scholars have drawn heavily on new institutionalist approaches in the study of comparative European politics and European integration. These approaches however have been neglected in the study of Turkey-European Union (EU) relations. And although Turkey-EU relations have been widely researched, there has been little scholarly engagement with the role of Turkey's National Security Council (MGK) in shaping the country's European policy, resulting in a significant gap in the academic literature on Turkey and the EU. To fill this gap this thesis provides an historical institutionalist account of the role the MGK has played in Turkey- EU relations. There are two central and interlinked hypothesises: (1) The origins of both the MGK and Turkey's relations with Europe can be found in the years between 1923 and 1957, and the MGK's evolution, its decisions/preferences and the changes it embarked upon shaped the development, the nature and the pace of Turkey-EU relations; (2) the historical institutionalist conceptualisations of how institutions originate, in what ways they determine political actions, and the types of changes they go through can best explain the interaction between the MGK's institutional processes and Turkey-EU relations. This thesis draws upon both primary sources such as the MGK's press releases (1983-2004) and secondary sources. It shows that historical institutionalism and its associated concepts of critical junctures, path dependence and unintended consequences, and punctuated equilibrium may help to explain not only the origins of the MGK and Turkey's interest in Europe between 1923 and 1957, but also the three significant phases of Turkey's subsequent European policy: the evolution of the MGK and the development of Turkey-European Economic Community (EEC)/ European Community (EC) relations amid the Critical Junctures ofl- III (1957- 1983); the MGK's tendency to rule through states of emergency and its incompatibility with ECIEU membership criteria (1983-1997); and the curtailment of the MGK's powers and the EU's decision (0 begin access ion negotiations with Turkey (1997-2004).EThOS - Electronic Theses Online ServiceGBUnited Kingdo