Proposed allocation of research catches in Divisions 58.4.1 and

At WG-SAM-15, it was noted that 5 members, Australia, France, Japan, Korea and Spain had notified to conduct research in the exploratory toothfish fisheries off East Antarctica, covered by CCAMLR Divisions 58.4.1 and 58.4.2. This proposal seeks to establish an arrangement whereby all notified members have a catch allocation to undertake research, thereby avoiding Olympic fishing

2021 updated analysis of the sea ice concentration (SIC) in research blocks 4 (RB4), and 5 (RB5) of Subarea 48.6 with sea surface temperature (SST) and winds

Ice condition in the subarea 48.6, Southern OceanIn RB5, the SICs in Feb. 2021 were the highest and the SSTs were the lowest for the years 2016-2021. In March 2021, the highest SICs decreased to nearly the longterm average while the SST increased accordingly. In the same year, the SICs and SSTs had two peaks in Feb. and March respectively. In RB4, the SICs during Jan.- Feb (Austral summer) in 2021 were also the highest since 2016. The sharp spikes of SST (rapid increasing SST) had become smaller year by year from 2017 to 2021, which indicates that the SSTs had a cooling phase in 5-6 year periodical cycles corresponding to an increasing trend in SICs. Spatial dynamics of SICs with SSTs contour of -1.8°C and -0.8°C were analyzed. It was found that the ice edges are at approximately -1.8°C and partially broken ices exist between -1.8°C and -0.8°C when comparing imagery by GIBS and SICs distribution by AMSRs with SSTs by NOAA. Daily wind stick plots indicate that the eastward winds could encourage the off-shore Ekman transport at the end of Feb. and the beginning of Mar. which resulted in late (slow) ice retrieval in 2021

Report from the Expert Panel on the evaluation of the VRZs during the 2018/19 fishing season

In July 2018 ARK (the Association of Responsible Krill harvesting companies) launched a set of voluntary measures, known as ARK’s Commitment, which were proposed to improve the long-term sustainability of the krill fishery. The Commitment was initiated with support from Greenpeace, WWF and The Pew Charitable Trusts as a precautionary action whilst CCAMLR developed spatial management of the krill fishery in Area 48. The Commitment, which took the form of Voluntary Restriction Zones (VRZs), was implemented for the 2018-19 fishing season. The krill fishing fleet associated with ARK agreed to avoid fishing in an area of up to 40 km from penguin colonies in Subarea 48.1 during the penguin breeding season

Quantitative and Qualitative Urinary Cellular Patterns Correlate with Progression of Murine Glomerulonephritis

The kidney is a nonregenerative organ composed of numerous functional nephrons and collecting ducts (CDs). Glomerular and tubulointerstitial damages decrease the number of functional nephrons and cause anatomical and physiological alterations resulting in renal dysfunction. It has recently been reported that nephron constituent cells are dropped into the urine in several pathological conditions associated with renal functional deterioration. We investigated the quantitative and qualitative urinary cellular patterns in a murine glomerulonephritis model and elucidated the correlation between cellular patterns and renal pathology

Medium modifications of nucleon electromagnetic form factors

We use the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model as an effective quark theory to investigate the medium modifications of the nucleon electromagnetic form factors. By using the equation of state of nuclear matter derived in this model, we discuss the results based on the naive quark-scalar diquark picture, the effects of finite diquark size, and the meson cloud around the constituent quarks. We apply this description to the longitudinal response function for quasielastic electron scattering. RPA correlations, based on the nucleon-nucleon interaction derived in the same model, are also taken into account in the calculation of the response function.Comment: 46 pages, 16 figure

Finite-temperature phase transition of SU(3) gauge theory on Nt=4 and 6 lattices

The deconfining finite-temperature transition of SU(3) gauge theory is studied on the dedicated parallel computer QCDPAX. Monte Carlo simulations are performed on 122×24×4, 242×36×4, 203×6, 243×6, and 362×48×6 lattices with 376 000 to 1 112 000 iterations. The finite size scaling behavior of the first-order transition is confirmed both on the Nt=4 and Nt=6 lattices and clear two-phase structures are observed on spatially large lattices (242×36×4 and 362×48×6). The latent heat at the deconfining transition is estimated both by a direct measurement of the gap on the spatially large lattices and by applying a finite-size scaling law. The results obtained by these two independent methods are remarkably consistent with each other on both the Nt=4 lattices. The latent heat for Nt=6 is much smaller than that for Nt=4 and is about ⅓ of the Stefan-Boltzmann value 8π2/15. The details of the data and the error analysis are presented

Epitope Density Influences CD8+ Memory T Cell Differentiation

The generation of long-lived memory T cells is critical for successful vaccination but the factors controlling their differentiation are still poorly defined. We tested the hypothesis that the strength of T cell receptor (TCR) signaling contributed to memory CD8(+) T cell generation.We manipulated the density of antigenic epitope presented by dendritic cells to mouse naïve CD8(+) T cells, without varying TCR affinity. Our results show that a two-fold decrease in antigen dose selectively affects memory CD8(+) T cell generation without influencing T cell expansion and acquisition of effector functions. Moreover, we show that low antigen dose alters the duration of the interaction between T cells and dendritic cells and finely tunes the expression level of the transcription factors Eomes and Bcl6. Furthermore, we demonstrate that priming with higher epitope density results in a 2-fold decrease in the expression of Neuron-derived orphan nuclear receptor 1 (Nor-1) and this correlates with a lower level of conversion of Bcl-2 into a pro-apoptotic molecule and an increased number of memory T cells.Our results show that the amount of antigen encountered by naïve CD8(+) T cells following immunization with dendritic cells does not influence the generation of functional effector CD8(+) T cells but rather the number of CD8(+) memory T cells that persist in the host. Our data support a model where antigenic epitope density sensed by CD8(+) T cells at priming influences memory generation by modulating Bcl6, Eomes and Nor-1 expression