Mercado Matrimonial Dominicano: Impacto del Nivel de Educación en el Proceso de Selección de Parejas y su Vinculación con el Mercado Laboral

In this paper we use microdata from population and housing census and the National Labor Force Survey in order to study the behavior of people in the marriage market of the Dominican Republic, with emphasis in the evolution of the patterns of educational assortative matching. We explore the interaction between mating decision-making and participation in the labor market. Among the main results, we identify an increase in the level of educational homogamy in recent decades, particularly in couples who live in condition of cohabitation. In addition, we confirm the existence of division of labor within the household, affecting the participation of women in the labor market. Finally, we find evidence of a positive relation between labor income of people in a marital relationship and the educational attainment of their partners

Actitud de los funcionarios del Hospital Regional de Talca hacia el Taller protegido de la Unidad de Terapia Ocupacional.

133 p.Este estudio analiza la actitud de los funcionarios del Hospital Regional de Talca hacia el Taller Protegido de la Unidad de Terapia Ocupacional, empresa que pretende ofrecer próximamente productos y servicios a toda la comunidad hospitalaria elaborados por pacientes que presentan alguna discapacidad físico motora. Para ello se utilizo el marco del modelo general de la investigación de mercados de manera de tener una metodología adecuada para los objetivos de esta investigación. Los análisis con Ios cuales se llevo a cabo esta investigación, nos llevan como conclusión general que los funcionarios del Hospital Regional de Talca tienen una actitud positiva respecto a los productos y servicios que ofrecería el Taller Protegido lo que hace posible la reinmersión laboral de quienes componen esta empresa y su autofinanciamiento a través del tiempo, que son los principales objetivos de este Taller. Los resultados de este estudio servirán de ayuda para la futura gestión de este Taller y para otros centros de rehabilitación que quieran conocer las oportunidades del mercado, aplicando los instrumentos metodológicos expuestos en este estudio y para buscar oportunidades en los mercados de instituciones publicas como privadas. La realización de este proyecto nos brindo la posibilidad de conocer el mundo de las personas con discapacidad físico motoras que viven en la comuna de Talca y que son atendidas por este centro de salud

Influencia de cenizas de madera de fondo y carbón mineral en la subrasante, Av. Pacayal-Carabayllo 2022

Esta investigación tuvo como objetivo general evaluar la influencia de las cenizas de madera de fondo y carbón mineral en las propiedades de la subrasante, Av. Pacayal - Carabayllo 2022; eligiéndose los ensayos de granulometría, limites de atterberg, Proctor modificado y CBR. Planteándose la metodología: cuyo diseño de investigación fue cuasi experimental, tipo de investigación fue aplicada, de nivel explicativo y enfoque cuantitativo. Los resultados conforme a los objetivos específicos al añadir la CMF (30%, 31% y 32%) y CCM (24%, 25% y 26%) fueron: el primer objetivo especifico fue determinar el IP, disminuyendo de 7% a 0% (NP) al agregar todas las dosificaciones, el segundo objetivo especifico fue determinar el óptimo contenido de humedad el cual incrementó de 13.80% a 18.40% (32%CMF) y 17.80%(26%CCM), el tercer objetivo especifico fue determinar el CBR al 95% de MDS del patrón, aumentando de 6.90% a 12.70% (32%CMF) y a 13.70% (26%CCM). Conclusión, al agregar las CMF y CCM mejoró las propiedades de la subrasante

Comparing the implementation of team approaches for improving diabetes care in community health centers

Background: Patient panel management and community-based care management may be viable strategies for community health centers to improve the quality of diabetes care for vulnerable patient populations. The objective of our study was to clarify implementation processes and experiences of integrating office-based medical assistant (MA) panel management and community health worker (CHW) community-based management into routine care for diabetic patients. Methods: Mixed methods study with interviews and surveys of clinicians and staff participating in a study comparing the effectiveness of MA and CHW health coaching for improving diabetes care. Participants included 24 key informants in five role categories and 249 clinicians and staff survey respondents from 14 participating practices. We conducted thematic analyses of key informant interview transcripts to clarify implementation processes and describe barriers to integrating the new roles into practice. We surveyed clinicians and staff to assess differences in practice culture among intervention and control groups. We triangulated findings to identify concordant and disparate results across data sources. Results: Implementation processes and experiences varied considerably among the practices implementing CHW and MA team-based approaches, resulting in differences in the organization of health coaching and self-management support activities. Importantly, CHW and MA responsibilities converged over time to focus on health coaching of diabetic patients. MA health coaches experienced difficulty in allocating dedicated time due to other MA responsibilities that often crowded out time for diabetic patient health coaching. Time constraints also limited the personal introduction of patients to health coaches by clinicians. Participants highlighted the importance of a supportive team climate and proactive leadership as important enablers for MAs and CHWs to implement their health coaching responsibilities and also promoted professional growth. Conclusion: Implementation of team-based strategies to improve diabetes care for vulnerable populations was diverse, however all practices converged in their foci on health coaching roles of CHWs and MAs. Our study suggests that a flexible approach to implementing health coaching is more important than fidelity to rigid models that do not allow for variable allocation of responsibilities across team members. Clinicians play an instrumental role in supporting health coaches to grow into their new patient care responsibilities

Design and Validation of a Portable Handheld Device to Produce Fine Fibers Using Centrifugal Forces

In the present research project, a novel portable battery-powered handheld device able to produce micron and submicron fibers using centrifugal forces is proposed. The design includes spinnerets with a clamshell configuration with multiple chambers or reservoirs (2, 4, and 8) and different exit orifice diameters (400, 500, 600, and 800 µm). The rotational speed is controlled via an Arduino microcontroller. To validate the design, a series of experiments were conducted and the effect of the orifice diameter, number of chambers, and velocity on the resulting fibers’ diameter and yield was studied. For the experiments, a polymeric solution of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) was prepared. The fiber yield was gravimetrically quantified, and the fiber morphology and diameter were analyzed by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results showed that spinnerets with an orifice diameter of 500 microns yielded the greatest amount of fibers (0.0777 g). In addition, the number of chambers also affected the amount of fibers produced, and it was determined that the fiber diameter size is dependent on the spinneret speed. Fibers 80 nm in diameter were observed at 6500 rpm

Reef Coral Reproduction in the Eastern Pacific: Costa Rica, Panamá, and the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador). VI. Agariciidae, Pavona clavus

The reproductive ecology of the zooxanthellate reef coral Pavona clavus was investigated at several sites in Costa Rica, Panama, and the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador) over the period 1985–2009. Pavona clavus displayed stable gonochorism as only five hermaphrodites were found in 590 samples. At four of five locations, sex ratios were skewed toward female dominance; however, at Saboga Island (Panama) male colonies predominated. In Panama, sexual maturity was observed in an estimated eight year old female colony, and several colonies of 10–20 years of age demonstrated gametogenesis. Sexual activity was observed at all study sites, but gamete development occurred in only 14–31% of colonies sampled sporadically. Seasonality of gametogenic activity occurred predominantly during the warm/wet season, June to August, at mainland sites (Cano Island, Costa Rica, and Gulfs of Chiriqui and Panama, Panama). This pattern was repeated in the Galapagos Islands, but mainly from March to May when seasonally high sea temperatures and rainfall prevailed there. Histological sampling and field observations indicated that spawning was centered around the full moon, most frequently on lunar day 17, and near sunset (1,800 h). Mean fecundity (mature ova cm-2 live tissue) estimates were significantly different for two sites and ranged from ~1,780 (Saboga Island, Gulf of Panama, seasonally upwelling) to ~4,280 (Uva Is, Gulf of Chiriqui, nonupwelling). Assuming three annual spawning events colony-1 (August, September, October), extrapolation of minimum and maximum fecundities yield 5,340 and 12,840 ova cm-2 year-1. Seasonal, lunar, and diel spawning patterns in nine zooxanthellate species at Uva Island indicate asynchronous coral community spawning

Oral pharmacokinetics of a pharmaceutical preparation of florfenicol in broiler chickens

IntroductionThe use of florfenicol must follow particular pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) ratios, i.e., it requires achieving serum concentrations at or slightly above the pathogen's minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) during the dosing interval and that the ratio of area under the concentration vs. time curve (AUC)/MIC should be as high as possible (still undetermined for poultry). As an alternative to the standard soluble florfenicol that is administered to the flock through drinking water, florfenicol premix is often recommended as feed medication in Latin America. However, no particular pharmaceutical design has been proposed.MethodsThis study compared the PK of two preparations of florfenicol in broiler chickens and pondered the possibility of each covering the referred PK-PD ratios as predictors of clinical efficacy. The preparations comprise a pharmaceutical form as FOLA pellets (F = bioavailability; O = optimum; and LA = long-acting) and the premix formulation. The former are small colored pellets with vehicles and absorption enhancers of florfenicol designed for long action, and the latter is the reference premix of the antibiotic. First, these two pharmaceutical forms of florfenicol were administered as oral boluses (30 mg/kg), aided by a probe. In a second trial of the dosing form, both pharmaceutical preparations of florfenicol were administered in feed and ad libitum (110 ppm; ~30 mg/kg).ResultsIn both cases, FOLA-florfenicol presented much higher relative bioavailability (3.27 times higher) and mean better residence time than florfenicol premix (two times high when forced as bolus dose). Consequently, FOLA-florfenicol possesses better PK/PD ratios than less sensitive pathogens, i.e., E. coli. It is proposed that if a metaphylactic treatment of a bacterial outbreak in poultry is implemented with florfenicol prepared as FOLA, better PK/PD ratios will be obtained than those of standard florfenicol premix.DiscussionClinicians must confirm that feed consumption in the flock has not been affected by the particular disease if FOLA pellets of florfenicol are used

Reproductive Ecology of the Azooxanthellate Coral Tubastraea coccinea in the Equatorial Eastern Pacific: Part V. Dendrophylliidae

The reproductive ecology of Tubastraea coccinea Lesson, an azooxanthellate tropical scleractinian coral, was studied over various periods from 1985 to 2006 at four principal eastern Pacific locations in Costa Rica, Panamá, and the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador). This small (polyp diameter 0.8–1.0 cm), relatively cryptic species produced ova and planulae year round, including colonies with as few as 2–10 polyps. Of 424 colonies examined histologically, 13.7% contained both ova and sperm. Mature ova varied in diameter from ~300 to 800 µm and the time from spawning and fertilization of oocytes to release of brooded planulae was about 6 weeks. Planulae were 0.5–1.5 mm long and they settled and metamorphosed on a variety of substrates after 1–3 days. Spermaries, though more difficult to distinguish in histological sections, were present throughout the year. Spent spermaries were never observed in sections, but several colonies in Panamá and the Galápagos Islands released sperm from night one to night five after full moon, indicating the potential for cross-fertilization among colonies. Planula release was observed at Uva Island (Panamá) in March, May, June, and July, and in general planula presence was higher at warm ocean temperatures at all sites, whether or not the sites were inXuenced by seasonal upwelling. Annual fecundity estimates for T. coccinea are comparable with other high fecundity brooding species, including the zooxanthellate Porites panamensis, with which it co-occurs in Panamá. Tubastraea coccinea is widely distributed in the tropical Indo-Pacific and has colonized substrates in the western Atlantic. In addition to the reproductive characteristics described in the present study, other features of the biology of T. coccinea, such as an ability to withstand conditions that produce bleaching and mortality in zooxanthellate species, may account for its widespread, low-latitude distribution in multiple oceans

A crab swarm at an ecological hotspot : patchiness and population density from AUV observations at a coastal, tropical seamount

© The Author(s), 2016. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in PeerJ 4 (2016): e1770, doi:10.7717/peerj.1770.A research cruise to Hannibal Bank, a seamount and an ecological hotspot in the coastal eastern tropical Pacific Ocean off Panama, explored the zonation, biodiversity, and the ecological processes that contribute to the seamount’s elevated biomass. Here we describe the spatial structure of a benthic anomuran red crab population, using submarine video and autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) photographs. High density aggregations and a swarm of red crabs were associated with a dense turbid layer 4–10 m above the bottom. The high density aggregations were constrained to 355–385 m water depth over the Northwest flank of the seamount, although the crabs also occurred at lower densities in shallower waters (∼280 m) and in another location of the seamount. The crab aggregations occurred in hypoxic water, with oxygen levels of 0.04 ml/l. Barcoding of Hannibal red crabs, and pelagic red crabs sampled in a mass stranding event in 2015 at a beach in San Diego, California, USA, revealed that the Panamanian and the Californian crabs are likely the same species, Pleuroncodes planipes, and these findings represent an extension of the southern endrange of this species. Measurements along a 1.6 km transect revealed three high density aggregations, with the highest density up to 78 crabs/m2, and that the crabs were patchily distributed. Crab density peaked in the middle of the patch, a density structure similar to that of swarming insects.This work was sponsored by a grant from the Dalio Foundation, Inc, through the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution