Makna Lafadz Idrib Dalam Qs. An-nisa Ayat 34 Perspektif Ulama Kabupaten Malang

The background of this research, is the fact often indicates that the marital relationship is not always harmonious. Sometimes a spouse fails to save the Big Dipper in the household as it faces problems that are considered to be beyond their means. Sometimes women ignore or less than the maximum husband right in doing his duty to the house and her children. This study aims to describe, how do cleric Malang Meaning Lafadz idrib on Qs. An-Nisa verse 34 and how do Malang cleric on how the settlement of disputes in domestic life which in turn can realize harmonious family. While the object of research is the Ulema Malang.The results of this Penetian, researchers finally, first, the meanings of the Salafi Ulama Lafadz idrib on Qs. AnNisa verse 34 by taking the path of violence that is hitting with the hand, while the scholars of Modern and Contemporary in meaning Lafadz Idrib ie, hit without using street violence, ie by continuously advised. Second, Salafi cleric in resolving disputes in domestic life are clubbed, Salaf allow wife beating wives who disobey the reason is still the responsibility of the husband, it is necessary to resort to violence to revive him. Modern and contemporary scholars While there are two methods to resolve disputes that occur in the home, The first is by way of violence, that is allowed to beat his wife as long as the stage-the stage prior to the beating had done well and has not produced results. The second dispute resolution process in the household is, without the use of the least violent way, which is enough to be kept advised menurus due to violence if the problem is not going to finish, and beating only produces more dangerous uprising.Studinya bertujuan untuk menggambarkan, bagaimana ulama Malang Arti Lafadz idrib pada Qs. An-Nisa ayat 34 dan bagaimana ulama Malang tentang bagaimana penyelesaian sengketa dalam kehidupan rumah tangga yang pada gilirannya dapat mewujudkan keluarga yang harmonis. Sedangkan objek penelitian adalah Ulama Malang. Hasil Penetian ini, peneliti akhirnya, pertama, arti dari Salafi Ulam aLafadzidrib pada Qs.An - Nisa ayat 34 dengan mengambil jalan kekerasan yang memukul dengan tangan, sementara para ulama Modern dan Kontemporer dalam arti Lafadz Idribi adalah memukul tanpa menggunakan jalan kekerasan, yaitu dengan saran atau masukan, kedua, ulama salafi dalam menyelesaikan sengketa kehidupan rumah tangga dengan dipukul, ulama' Salafi membolehkan pemukulan terhadap istri yang tidak taat alasannya adalah karena masih tanggung jawab suami, maka perlu menggunakan kekerasan untuk menghidupkan kembali kepadanya. Sedangkan para ulama' kontemporer pertama adalah dengan cara pendekatan musyawarah, apabila belum membuahkan hasil. Proses penyelesaian sengketa kedua dalam rumah tangga adalah dengan peringatan yang keras, hindari kekerasan karena hanya menghasilkan pemberontakan lebih berbahaya

Effects of anthropogenic activities on the heavy metal levels in the clams and sediments in a tropical river

The present study aimed to assess the effects of anthropogenic activities on the heavy metal levels in the Langat River by transplantation of Corbicula javanica. In addition, potential ecological risk indexes (PERI) of heavy metals in the surface sediments of the river were also investigated. The correlation analysis revealed that eight metals (As, Co, Cr, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in total soft tissue (TST) while five metals (As, Cd, Cr, Fe and Mn) in shell have positively and significantly correlation with respective metal concentration in sediment, indicating the clams is a good biomonitor of the metal levels. Based on clustering patterns, the discharge of dam impoundment, agricultural activities and urban domestic waste were identified as three major contributors of the metals in Pangsun, Semenyih and Dusun Tua, and Kajang, respectively. Various geochemical indexes for a single metal pollutant (geoaccumulation index (I geo), enrichment factors (EF), contamination factor (C f) and ecological risk (Er)) all agreed that Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni and Zn are not likely to cause adverse effect to the river ecosystem, but As and Pb could pose a potential ecological risk to the river ecosystem. All indexes (degree of contamination (C d), combined pollution index (CPI) and PERI) showed that overall metal concentrations in the tropical river are still within safe limit. River metal pollution was investigated. Anthropogenic activities were contributors of the metal pollution. Geochemical indexes showed that metals are within the safe limit

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries

Convalescent plasma in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 (RECOVERY): a randomised controlled, open-label, platform trial

SummaryBackground Azithromycin has been proposed as a treatment for COVID-19 on the basis of its immunomodulatoryactions. We aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of azithromycin in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19.Methods In this randomised, controlled, open-label, adaptive platform trial (Randomised Evaluation of COVID-19Therapy [RECOVERY]), several possible treatments were compared with usual care in patients admitted to hospitalwith COVID-19 in the UK. The trial is underway at 176 hospitals in the UK. Eligible and consenting patients wererandomly allocated to either usual standard of care alone or usual standard of care plus azithromycin 500 mg once perday by mouth or intravenously for 10 days or until discharge (or allocation to one of the other RECOVERY treatmentgroups). Patients were assigned via web-based simple (unstratified) randomisation with allocation concealment andwere twice as likely to be randomly assigned to usual care than to any of the active treatment groups. Participants andlocal study staff were not masked to the allocated treatment, but all others involved in the trial were masked to theoutcome data during the trial. The primary outcome was 28-day all-cause mortality, assessed in the intention-to-treatpopulation. The trial is registered with ISRCTN, 50189673, and ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04381936.Findings Between April 7 and Nov 27, 2020, of 16 442 patients enrolled in the RECOVERY trial, 9433 (57%) wereeligible and 7763 were included in the assessment of azithromycin. The mean age of these study participants was65·3 years (SD 15·7) and approximately a third were women (2944 [38%] of 7763). 2582 patients were randomlyallocated to receive azithromycin and 5181 patients were randomly allocated to usual care alone. Overall,561 (22%) patients allocated to azithromycin and 1162 (22%) patients allocated to usual care died within 28 days(rate ratio 0·97, 95% CI 0·87–1·07; p=0·50). No significant difference was seen in duration of hospital stay (median10 days [IQR 5 to >28] vs 11 days [5 to >28]) or the proportion of patients discharged from hospital alive within 28 days(rate ratio 1·04, 95% CI 0·98–1·10; p=0·19). Among those not on invasive mechanical ventilation at baseline, nosignificant difference was seen in the proportion meeting the composite endpoint of invasive mechanical ventilationor death (risk ratio 0·95, 95% CI 0·87–1·03; p=0·24).Interpretation In patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19, azithromycin did not improve survival or otherprespecified clinical outcomes. Azithromycin use in patients admitted to hospital with COVID-19 should be restrictedto patients in whom there is a clear antimicrobial indication

Performance of passively Q-switched ring erbium-doped fiber laser using a multiwalled carbon nanotubes polyethylene oxide (PEO) polymer composite-based saturable absorber

The aim of this article is to report the fabrication and characterization of dispersed multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) polymer composites and use them as passive SAs in Q-switched Erbium-doped fiber (EDF) for ultrafast laser generation at 1.5-µm region. CNT polymer composites were fabricated into thin films by homogenizing different concentrations (1.8, 4.8, and 10.1 wt. %) of MWCNTs with host polymers polyethylene oxide. The fabricated thin film was then deposited between two fiber connectors as passive SA and incorporated into fiber laser's ring oscillator. The EDFL exhibited a central wavelength of 1560.5 nm when pump power is fixed at 42 mW. The Q-switching operation starts at the lowest threshold of 39.3 mW for all the three different SA concentrations. For 1.8 wt. % MWCNTs concentration, the pulse repetition rate of the Q-switched EDFL is started from 35.6 kHz, while for 4.8 wt. % and 10.1 wt. %, the pulse repetition rate started at 78.5 and 66.1 kHz, respectively. At the MWCNTs concentration of 1.8 wt. %, the pulse energy of the Q-switched EDFL increases from 7.9 to 24.7 nJ as the pump power increases from 39.3 to 58.8 mW

A Multi-Mineral Intervention to Modulate Colonic Mucosal Protein Profile: Results from a 90-Day Trial in Human Subjects

The overall goal of this study was to determine whether Aquamin®, a calcium-, magnesium-, trace element-rich, red algae-derived natural product, would alter the expression of proteins involved in growth-regulation and differentiation in colon. Thirty healthy human subjects (at risk for colorectal cancer) were enrolled in a three-arm, 90-day interventional trial. Aquamin® was compared to calcium alone and placebo. Before and after the interventional period, colonic biopsies were obtained. Biopsies were evaluated by immunohistology for expression of Ki67 (proliferation marker) and for CK20 and p21 (differentiation markers). Tandem mass tag-mass spectrometry-based detection was used to assess levels of multiple proteins. As compared to placebo or calcium, Aquamin® reduced the level of Ki67 expression and slightly increased CK20 expression. Increased p21 expression was observed with both calcium and Aquamin®. In proteomic screen, Aquamin® treatment resulted in many more proteins being upregulated (including pro-apoptotic, cytokeratins, cell–cell adhesion molecules, and components of the basement membrane) or downregulated (proliferation and nucleic acid metabolism) than placebo. Calcium alone also altered the expression of many of the same proteins but not to the same extent as Aquamin®. We conclude that daily Aquamin® ingestion alters protein expression profile in the colon that could be beneficial to colonic health

A Simple Prognostic System in Myelofibrosis Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplant: A CIBMTR/EBMT analysis.

To develop a prognostic model for patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HCT) for myelofibrosis (MF). We examined 623 patients undergoing allo-HCT between 2000 - 2016 in the USA (CIBMTR cohort). A Cox multivariable model was used to identify factors prognostic of mortality. A weighted score using these factors was assigned to patients transplanted in Europe (EBMT cohort) (n = 623). Age above 50 (hazard ratio [HR], 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.98 -1.96), and HLA matched unrelated donor (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 0.98-1.7) were associated with increased hazard of death and were assigned 1 point. Hemoglobin lower than 100g/L at time of transplant (HR, 1.63; 95% CI, 1.2- 2.19), and a mismatched unrelated donor (HR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.25- 2.52), were assigned 2 points. The 3-year overall survival (OS) in patients with a low (1-2 points), intermediate (3-4 points) and high score (5 points) were 69% (95% CI, 61% -76 %), 51 % (95% CI, 46% -56.4 %), and 34% (95% CI, 21% - 49%), respectively (P. < 0.001). Increasing score was predictive of increased transplant related mortality (TRM) (P .0017) but not for relapse (P. 0.12). The derived score was predictive for OS (P. < 0.001) and TRM (P. 0.002) but not relapse (P. 17) in the EBMT cohort as well. The proposed system was prognostic of survival in two large cohorts, CIBMTR and EBMT, and can easily be applied by clinicians consulting patients with MF on transplant outcomes