553 research outputs found
The impact of weather conditions on microclimate in storage facilities
ArticleThe key to maintaining good qualitative parameters of stored grain on farms is to
achieve and maintain suitable storage temperatures relative
to the outside temperature. In the
framework of this research, the main focus was on typical representatives of grain storage
facilities used in the Czech agriculture. In the post
-
harvest period after the crops were stored in
the chosen storage facilities,
the temperature of the material was monitored at 15
-
minute intervals
using an external temperature probe as well as the temperature and dew point of the outdoor air.
A simple linear regression model was used for data analysis. The correlated temperature
d
ependence of the stored grain varies considerably in the monitored storage facilities. The storage
halls were characterized by a low dependence (r
=
0.2208) of the temperature of the material on
the outside air temperature in the first 4 months following t
he harvest when the grains were being
stabilized by active aeration. In addition to the grain and the air temperature, the second focus
was monitoring the dew point, i.e. assessing the risk of water vapour condensation on the surface
in the upper layer of
the stored grain, which is very undesirable for maintaining the quality of the
stored grain. The results show that the monitored storage hall can be characterized by the ability
to maintain the required climate due to outdoor climatic conditions. In genera
l, this ability mainly
depends on the type and design of the storage facility, the aeration system and also the storage
capacity. Mainly during spring the dew point and water vapour condensation can often happen
within the grain, therefore the need to focu
s on appropriate measures such as reduced aeration or
increased grain mixing, and thus avoiding the formation of critical spots
On the minimal number of matrices which form a locally hypercyclic, non-hypercyclic tuple
In this paper we extend the notion of a locally hypercyclic operator to that
of a locally hypercyclic tuple of operators. We then show that the class of
hypercyclic tuples of operators forms a proper subclass to that of locally
hypercyclic tuples of operators. What is rather remarkable is that in every
finite dimensional vector space over or , a pair of
commuting matrices exists which forms a locally hypercyclic, non-hypercyclic
tuple. This comes in direct contrast to the case of hypercyclic tuples where
the minimal number of matrices required for hypercyclicity is related to the
dimension of the vector space. In this direction we prove that the minimal
number of diagonal matrices required to form a hypercyclic tuple on
is , thus complementing a recent result due to Feldman.Comment: 15 pages, title changed, section for infinite dimensional spaces
adde
Comparison of a 1 t and a 55 t container when storing spelt grain in mild climate of the Czech Republic
ArticleMaintaining a suitable microclimate inside the storage space is the most significant
factor in maintaining good quality of stored grain for small farmers. This article is aimed
at evaluating the influence of outdoor climatic conditions on the storage conditions, specifically
the temperature of stored grain in two storage containers. One structure was a 4 Ă 6 m cylindrical
container (55 t capacity) with a steel wire mesh wall lined with a textile shell. Spelt grain
(Triticum spelta) was also stored simultaneously at the same location in a fabric intermediate bulk
container (FIBC) bag with maximum capacity of 1 t. Neither structure was mechanically aerated.
Grain moisture and temperature were monitored during the spring and start of the summer period
of the year 2017 because of the biggest differences between the night and day temperatures.
For monitoring of the grain microbiological changes samples were taken for laboratory tests
during the whole experiment. Grain quality parameters measured during storage included the bulk
density, crude protein, falling number, germination, gluten content, sedimentation index
and contamination by mycotoxins. Monitored outdoor environment parameters were
temperature, dew point and relative humidity. Results showed a strong dependence of the stored
material temperature on the outside temperature in the case of FIBC bags (coefficient of
determination R
2 = 0.927), whereas the dependence was weaker in the larger structure
(R
2 = 0.625). Mycotoxins monitored during the period were below the detection limit in both
cases
Detection and prevention of financial abuse against elders
This article is made available through the Brunel Open Access Publishing Fund. Copyright @ The Authors. This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 3.0) licence. Anyone
may reproduce, distribute, translate and create derivative works of this article (for both
commercial and non-commercial purposes), subject to full attribution to the original publication
and authors. The full terms of this licence may be seen at http://creativecommons.org/licences/
by/3.0/legalcode.Purpose â This paper reports on banking and finance professionals' decision making in the context of elder financial abuse. The aim was to identify the case features that influence when abuse is identified and when action is taken.
Design/methodology/approach â Banking and finance professionals (n=70) were shown 35 financial abuse case scenarios and were asked to judge how certain they were that the older person was being abused and the likelihood of taking action.
Findings â Three case features significantly influenced certainty of financial abuse: the nature of the financial problem presented, the older person's level of mental capacity and who was in charge of the client's money. In cases where the older person was more confused and forgetful, there was increased suspicion that financial abuse was taking place. Finance professionals were less certain that financial abuse was occurring if the older person was in charge of his or her own finances.
Originality/value â The research findings have been used to develop freely available online training resources to promote professionals' decision making capacity (www.elderfinancialabuse.co.uk). The resources have been advocated for use by Building Societies Association as well as CIFAS, the UK's Fraud Prevention Service.The research reported here was funded by the UK cross council New Dynamicsof Ageing Programme, ESRC Reference No. RES-352-25-0026, with Mary L.M. Gilhooly asPrincipal Investigator. Web-based training tools, developed from the research findings, weresubsequently funded by the ESRC follow-on fund ES/J001155/1 with Priscilla A. Harries asPrincipal Investigator
Quantum mechanics and elements of reality inferred from joint measurements
The Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen argument on quantum mechanics incompleteness is
formulated in terms of elements of reality inferred from joint (as opposed to
alternative) measurements, in two examples involving entangled states of three
spin-1/2 particles. The same states allow us to obtain proofs of the
incompatibility between quantum mechanics and elements of reality.Comment: LaTeX, 12 page
Ozone treatment of stored potato tubers
During storage, potato tubers are susceptible to different pathogen, which can attack
the skin and flesh of the tubers. The most serious damage can be caused by rot inducing bacteria
and fungi. A possible way to prevent microbial damage may be the use of ozone in the air
ventilated through the stored tubers. However, the tubers can undergo qualitative changes, e.g.
dehydration and loss of starch content. This article presents the results of a five-month experiment
in which ozone concentration of 5 mg m-3 was periodically introduced in some of the stored potato
tubers of the cultivar âDaliâ. All potato tubers were stored in closed storage boxes with a metal
frame and wood panels in the floor and walls (ground area 1.6Ă1.2 m, height 0.95 m) which were
continuously aerated using the ambient air in a potato warehouse. There was 900 kg of tubers
stored in the box. At the end of the experiment, the ozonated variant was compared with the
control (not treated). The ozone-treated tubers had 2.95 times lower incidence of infection by
rot and the number of microorganisms on healthy tubers was lower than the control. The
ozone-treated tubers were less frequently dehydrated. The water loss was higher in control by
0.86 %. There was no significant difference in silver scurf manifestation or in the starch content
between the two variants
Interpretations of Presburger Arithmetic in Itself
Presburger arithmetic PrA is the true theory of natural numbers with
addition. We study interpretations of PrA in itself. We prove that all
one-dimensional self-interpretations are definably isomorphic to the identity
self-interpretation. In order to prove the results we show that all linear
orders that are interpretable in (N,+) are scattered orders with the finite
Hausdorff rank and that the ranks are bounded in terms of the dimension of the
respective interpretations. From our result about self-interpretations of PrA
it follows that PrA isn't one-dimensionally interpretable in any of its finite
subtheories. We note that the latter was conjectured by A. Visser.Comment: Published in proceedings of LFCS 201
Towards a Proof Theory of G\"odel Modal Logics
Analytic proof calculi are introduced for box and diamond fragments of basic
modal fuzzy logics that combine the Kripke semantics of modal logic K with the
many-valued semantics of G\"odel logic. The calculi are used to establish
completeness and complexity results for these fragments
Migration of Chadic speaking pastoralists within Africa based on population structure of Chad Basin and phylogeography of mitochondrial L3f haplogroup
BACKGROUND: Chad Basin, lying within the bidirectional corridor of African Sahel, is one of the most populated places in Sub-Saharan Africa today. The origin of its settlement appears connected with Holocene climatic ameliorations (aquatic resources) that started ~10,000 years before present (YBP). Although both Nilo-Saharan and Niger-Congo language families are encountered here, the most diversified group is the Chadic branch belonging to the Afro-Asiatic language phylum. In this article, we investigate the proposed ancient migration of Chadic pastoralists from Eastern Africa based on linguistic data and test for genetic traces of this migration in extant Chadic speaking populations. RESULTS: We performed whole mitochondrial genome sequencing of 16 L3f haplotypes, focused on clade L3f3 that occurs almost exclusively in Chadic speaking people living in the Chad Basin. These data supported the reconstruction of a L3f phylogenetic tree and calculation of times to the most recent common ancestor for all internal clades. A date ~8,000 YBP was estimated for the L3f3 sub-haplogroup, which is in good agreement with the supposed migration of Chadic speaking pastoralists and their linguistic differentiation from other Afro-Asiatic groups of East Africa. As a whole, the Afro-Asiatic language family presents low population structure, as 92.4% of mtDNA variation is found within populations and only 3.4% of variation can be attributed to diversity among language branches. The Chadic speaking populations form a relatively homogenous cluster, exhibiting lower diversification than the other Afro-Asiatic branches (Berber, Semitic and Cushitic). CONCLUSION: The results of our study support an East African origin of mitochondrial L3f3 clade that is present almost exclusively within Chadic speaking people living in Chad Basin. Whole genome sequence-based dates show that the ancestral haplogroup L3f must have emerged soon after the Out-of-Africa migration (around 57,100 +/- 9,400 YBP), but the "Chadic" L3f3 clade has much less internal variation, suggesting an expansion during the Holocene period about 8,000 +/- 2,500 YBP. This time period in the Chad Basin is known to have been particularly favourable for the expansion of pastoralists coming from northeastern Africa, as suggested by archaeological, linguistic and climatic data
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