Caracterización isoenzimática de nueve variedades botánicas de tigridia pavonia (l. f.) DC

Se estudiaron los patrones de bandeo isoenzimáticos (PBI) de nueve variedades botánicas de Tigridia pavonia (L. f.) DC., especie nativa de México con un alto potencial ornamental. Las variedades fueron recolectadas en tres municipios del Estado de México: Tenancingo (2100 m), Temascaltepec (2250 m) y Temoaya (2600 m). Como fuente de extracción de proteínas se usaron tejidos foliares de cada variedad. En los corrimientos se empleó la técnica de electroforesis horizontal en geles de almidón (SGE). Con SGE fueron ensayadas nueve isoenzimas: aspartato amino transferasa (AAT; EC 2.6.1.1), fosfatasa ácida (ACP; EC 13.1.3.2), catalasa (CAT; EC 1.11.1.6), malato deshidrogenasa (MDH; EC 1.1.1.37), 6-fosfogluconato deshidrogenasa (PGD; EC 1.1.1.44), fosfoglucosa isomerasa (PGI; EC 5.3.1.9), fosfoglucomutasa (PGM; EC 2.7.5.1), fosfohexosa isomerasa (PHI; EC 5.3.1.8) y peroxidasa (POX; EC 1.11.1.7). Se observaron 32 bandas arregladas en 20 PBI: dos para AAT, dos para ACP, dos para CAT, cuatro para MDH, uno para PGD, uno para POX, tres para PGI, tres para PHI y dos para PGM. La isoenzima más polimórfica fue MDH, mientras que PGD y POX no mostraron polimorfismo. Los datos de siete isoenzimas fueron usados para calcular las relaciones genéticas con el método UPGMA. Las variedades de T. pavonia pudieron ser diferenciadas una de otra, excepto las variedades Ángeles de Sandra y Carolina de Dulce, las cuales no pudieron distinguirse con los PBI observados. Las variedades Gloria y Samaria, recolectadas a 2600 m, presentaron mayor variación genética que las recolectadas a 2100 o 2250 m, lo cual podría atribuirse a la altitud. Se concluye que las isoenzimas pueden usarse para la diferenciación genética de variedades de T. pavonia

Micropropagation of Cissus tiliacea, plant native of the South of the state of Mexico

Se micropropagó Cissus tiliacea, recurso fitogenético con potencial agronómico y farmacológico, en los medios de cultivo Murashige-Skoog (MS) y Lloyd y McCown (WPM). En ambos medios se generaron resultados similares para número de brotes, nudos, hojas y raíces adventicias, sólo existió diferencia significativa (p ≤ 0,05) en la formación de callo. Para la multiplicación in vitro se utilizó WPM adicionado con 0; 0,5; 1,0; 1,5 ó 2,0 mg L-1 de benciladenina (BA) y se emplearon tres tipos de segmentos nodales (basal, medio y apical). Las concentraciones de 0 y 0,5 mg L-1 de BA resultaron en un mayor tamaño y desarrollo del explante, además permitieron la formación de 1,2 a 1,6 raíces por explante. Las concentraciones de 1,5 y 2,0 mg L-1 de BA indujeron la formación de callo. No existió diferencia significativa en las variables evaluadas por efecto del tipo de segmento nodal establecido in vitro. En el enraizamiento, en el medio MS, se evaluaron tres tipos de auxinas: ácido naftalen-1-acético (ANA), ácido indol-3-butírico (AIB) y ácido indol- 3-acético (AIA) a 0,5 mg L-1; el mayor número de raíces secundarias y diámetro de la raíz principal fue inducido por ANA, sin embargo AIB indujo una mayor elongación de la raíz principal. Los resultados del presente trabajo sugieren que el cultivo in vitro de C. tiliacea es una alternativa para su conservación y multiplicación.Murashige-Skoog (MS) or Lloyd and McCown (WPM) medium were used for micropropagation of Cissus tiliacea, an herb plant with potential in agriculture and pharmacology; in both medium similar results for shoot regeneration, number of leaves, leaves nodes, and adventitious roots were observed; only formation of callus was influenced (p ≤ 0.05) by the medium. For in vitro multiplication, benzyl adenine (BA) was added to WPM at 0, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 mg L-1 and we used three types of explants that is basal, medium an upper. BA at 0 and 0.5 mg L-1 resulted in higher size and well developed plantlets; moreover, those concentrations allowed 1.2 or 1.6 roots per vitro plant. Those explants cultured in 1.5 or 2.0 BA resulted in callus development. Type of explant did not influence the evaluated explants responses. Rooting was evaluated in MS adding naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), indol butiric acid (IBA) or indol acetic acid (IAA) at 0.5 mg L-1; the higher number of secondary roots and the diameter of the main root was induced by NAA, but IBA resulted in longer main roots. Present results suggested that micropropagation of C. tiliaceae might be and alternative for conservation and multiplication of this wild plant.Fil: Jiménez-Martínez, José Humberto. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias AgrícolasFil: Franco-Mora, Omar. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias AgrícolasFil: Gutiérrez-Martínez, María de Guadalupe. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias AgrícolasFil: González-Huerta, Andrés. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias AgrícolasFil: Castañeda-Vildózola, Álvaro. Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México. Facultad de Ciencias Agrícola

Caracterización morfológica y molecular de nueve variedades botánicas de tigridia pavonia (l.f.) dc

Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC es una planta bulbosa nativa de México con potencial ornamental alto. México es considerado el centro de mayor diversidad de esta especie, por lo cual, el estudio de su diversidad genética y fenotípica es muy importante para establecer estrategias de manejo, conservación y utilización en programas de mejoramiento genético. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar nueve variedades botánicas de Tigridia pavonia (L.f.) DC, con 21 marcadores morfológicos y cinco moleculares ISSR (ínter-Secuencias Simples Repetidas). Las variedades fueron recolectadas en tres municipios del Estado de México: Tenancingo (2100 m), Temascaltepec (2250 m) y Temoaya (2600 m). La distancia genética promedio para morfología fue 0.54, mientras que para ISSR fue 0.49. Así, ambos tipos de marcadores mostraron diversidad genética entre las variedades, distinguiendo a cada una de ellas. Los dendrogramas de los marcadores morfológicos e ISSR fueron notablemente similares, existiendo una correlación positiva entre ellos (R=0.30) y, en ambos casos, hubo una relación de las nueve variedades según su origen geográfico. Sin embargo, los marcadores ISSR fueron más efectivos, pues con un solo iniciador se distinguió a todas las variedades de T. pavonia. Se concluye que los marcadores ISSR son una herramienta útil para la discriminación rigurosa de genotipos y que se pueden usar de manera complementaria a la caracterización morfológica

Production Performance, Nutrient Digestibility, and Milk Composition of Dairy Ewes Supplemented with Crushed Sunflower Seeds and Sunflower Seed Silage in Corn Silage-Based Diets

Se evaluo la adicion de semillas de girasol, ensiladas y sin ensilar, en ovejas lecherasThis study determined production performance, nutrient digestibility, and milk composition of dairy ewes supplemented with crushed sunflower seeds (Helianthus annuus) and sunflower seed silage in corn silage-based diets. Six ewes were grouped in a double 3 × 3 Latin square design with three periods of 21 days. All treatments were based on ad libitum corn silage. Control diet was based on alfalfa hay (333 g/kg DM), sorghum grain (253 g/kg DM), triticale grain (200 g/kg DM), soybean meal (167 g /kg DM), and vitamin and mineral premix (47 g/kg DM). Sunflower seeds (SF) and sunflower seed silage (SFS) treatments consisted of alfalfa hay (333 g/kg DM), sorghum grain (267 g/kg DM), triticale grain (100 g/kg DM), soybean meal (167 g /kg DM), SF or SFS (87 g/kg DM) and vitamin and mineral premix (47 g/kg DM). Compared to control, SF and SFS increased intake and digestibility of fiber components, such as neutral detergent fiber (NDF) and acid detergent fiber (ADF). Body weight, nitrogen balance, milk yield, milk fat yield, milk protein yield, lactose yield and milk urea N were similar between treatments. Overall, results demonstrated that crushed sunflower seeds and ensiled seeds do not change significantly productive parameters of dairy sheep.UAEM 4974/2020CI

Ensiling on chemical composition and in vitro fermentation in rabbits of different forages

The effect of chemical composition of silages on in vitro gas fermentation profiles in rabbits was examined. The study was performed using 7 silages: beans (Phaseolus vulgaris), faba bean (FB, Vicia faba), common vetch (CV, Vicia sativa), ryegrass (Lolium perenne), barley (B, Hordeum vulgare), barley with common vetch (BCV) and barley with faba bean (BFB). We used 3 New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits as donors of caecal content in each incubation run (n=3). Data were analyzed in a completely randomized experimental design. The CV silage showed higher values of crude protein (CP), followed by FB and bean silages (P<0.001). Barley silage had the lowest CP content (96g kg -1 DM) (P=0.001). The NDF and ADF content were lower (P<0.001) for beans and CV compared with the rest of the forage silages. Ryegrass silage had higher values of dry matter degradation, organic matter degradation, relative GP and SCFA (P<0.001). The highest values of digestible energy were for CV and bean silages (P<0.001). Ryegrass and CV silages showed higher levels in GP parameters, which could be associated with their better chemical composition characteristics, mainly pr otein and fiber content

El Porfiriato

1 archivo PDF (229 páginas)Debate sobre el Porfiriato desde una perspectiva crítica y analítica de la historia y el diseño para mostrar lo más actual de la reflexión histórica y que, al mismo tiempo, sea útil para la generación de nuevos conocimientos, propósito fundamental para la formación de futuras generaciones de estudiosos e investigadores sobre la historia nacional y la historia del diseño

A critical view on the current use of daptomycin in Spain: The daptomise study

Background: The Study on the Clinical Use of DAPTOMycin in Spain (DAPTOMISE Study) is a national surveillance program of daptomycin use. The objectives of this study are to evaluate the current variability in daptomycin consumption across the different hospitals and the adequacy of therapy, specially focused on underdosing. Methods: All adult and pediatric patients who received, at least, one dose of daptomycin in a single week in 98 institutions in Spain were included. The adequacy of daptomycin use was evaluated with respect to the indication, dosage, adjustments after microbiology results, switching to an oral agent and length of treatment. Results: A total of 615 patients received daptomycin during the study week. The prevalence use was 2.3 patients / 100,000 inhabitants per week, 12.4 patients / 1000 admissions and 9.2 Days of Therapy (DOT) / 1000 hospital stays. These rates varied between hospitals: from 0 to 13.9 patients / 100,000 inhabitants, from 0 to 76.1 patients / 1000 admissions and from 0 to 49.4 DOT / 1000 hospital stays. The most frequent infections were bacteremia (31.6 %) and skin and soft tissue infections (17.9 %). Microbiological results were available in only 65.4 % of infections. The most frequent microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus (192 isolates, of which 87 were resistant to methicillin) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (124 isolates). A total of 136 prescriptions (22.1 %) were underdosed. Dosages < 8 mg/kg were used for 35.6 % of endovascular infections and for 26.2 % of osteoarticular infections. Overall, 57.2 % of prescriptions were not optimal in, at least, one item. Clinical cure rate was 76.1% and mortality attributable to the infection 8.1%. Conclusion: This is the first registry that identifies the prevalence of use of daptomycin in Spain and shows a high variability in the consumption between the different hospitals. Daptomycin underdosing was present in more than 20 % of cases. (c) 2023 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

Desarrollo de un sistema de Realidad Virtual/Aumentada que permita la inmersión del alumno en la patología y problemas del paciente de baja visión

Depto. de Optometría y VisiónFac. de Óptica y OptometríaFALSEsubmitte

Frequency of cancer in children residing in Mexico City and treated in the hospitals of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (1996–2001)

BACKGROUND: The objective of this article is to present the frequency of cancer in Mexican children who were treated in the hospitals of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Mexico City (IMSS-MC) in the period 1996–2001. METHODS: The Registry of Cancer in Children, started in 1996 in the IMSS-MC, is an on-going, prospective register. The data from 1996 through 2001 were analyzed and the different types of cancer were grouped according to the International Classification for Cancer in Children (ICCC). From this analysis, the general and specific frequencies by age and by sex were obtained for the different groups of neoplasms. Also, the frequency of the stage of the disease that had been diagnosed in cases of children with solid tumors was obtained. RESULTS: A total of 1,702 new cases of children with cancer were registered, with the male/female ratio at 1.1/1. Leukemias had the highest frequency with 784 cases (46.1%) and, of these, acute lymphoblastic leukemias were the most prevalent with 614 cases (78.3%). Thereafter, in descending order of frequency, were tumors of the central nervous system (CNST) with 197 cases (11.6%), lymphomas with 194 cases (11.4%), germinal cell tumors with 110 cases (6.5%), and bone tumors with 97 cases (5.7%). The highest frequency of cancer was found in the group of one to four year-olds that had 627 cases (36.8%). In all the age groups, leukemias were the most frequent. In the present work, the frequency of Hodgkin's disease (~4%) was found to be lower than that (~10%) in previous studies and the frequency of tumors of the sympathetic nervous system was low (2.3%). Of those cases of solid tumors for which the stage of the disease had been determined, 66.9% were diagnosed as being Stage III or IV. CONCLUSIONS: The principal cancers in the children treated in the IMSS-MC were leukemias, CNST, and lymphomas, consistent with those reported by developed countries. A 2.5-fold reduction in the frequency of Hodgkin's disease was found. Of the children, the stage of whose disease had been determined, two thirds were diagnosed as having advanced stages of the disease

Magnesium accumulation upon cyclin M4 silencing activates microsomal triglyceride transfer protein improving NASH

Background & Aims: Perturbations of intracellular magnesium (Mg) homeostasis have implications for cell physiology. The cyclin M family, CNNM, perform key functions in the transport of Mg across cell membranes. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the role of CNNM4 in the development of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Methods: Serum Mg levels and hepatic CNNM4 expression were characterised in clinical samples. Primary hepatocytes were cultured under methionine and choline deprivation. A 0.1% methionine and choline-deficient diet, or a choline-deficient high-fat diet were used to induce NASH in our in vivo rodent models. Cnnm4 was silenced using siRNA, in vitro with DharmaFECT and in vivo with Invivofectamine® or conjugated to N-acetylgalactosamine. Results: Patients with NASH showed hepatic CNNM4 overexpression and dysregulated Mg levels in the serum. Cnnm4 silencing ameliorated hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation and fibrosis in the rodent NASH models. Mechanistically, CNNM4 knockdown in hepatocytes induced cellular Mg accumulation, reduced endoplasmic reticulum stress, and increased microsomal triglyceride transfer activity, which promoted hepatic lipid clearance by increasing the secretion of VLDLs. Conclusions: CNNM4 is overexpressed in patients with NASH and is responsible for dysregulated Mg transport. Hepatic CNNM4 is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of NASH. Lay summary: Cyclin M4 (CNNM4) is overexpressed in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and promotes the export of magnesium from the liver. The liver-specific silencing of Cnnm4 ameliorates NASH by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and promoting the activity of microsomal triglyceride transfer protein.Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación, Programa Retos-Colaboración RTC2019-007125-1 (for JS and MLM-C); Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Proyectos de Investigación en Salud DTS20/00138 (for JS and MLM-C); Departamento de Industria del Gobierno Vasco (for MLM-C); Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades MICINN: SAF2017-87301-R and RTI2018-096759-A-100 integrado en el Plan Estatal de Investigación Cientifica y Técnica y Innovación, cofinanciado con Fondos FEDER (for MLM-C and TCD, respectively); BIOEF (Basque Foundation for Innovation and Health Research); EITB Maratoia BIO15/CA/014; Asociación Española contra el Cáncer (MLM-C, TCD); Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española Contra el Cancer (AECC Scientific Foundation) Rare Tumor Calls 2017 (for MLM); La Caixa Foundation Program (for MLM); Fundacion BBVA UMBRELLA project (for MLM); BFU2015-70067-REDC, BFU2016-77408-R, and BES-2017- 080435 (MINECO / FEDER, UE) and the FIGHT-CNNM2 project from the EJP RD Joint Transnational Call (JTC2019) (Ref. AC19/ 00073) (for LAM-C); RTI2018-095134-B-100 and Grupos de Investigación del Sistema Universitario Vasco (IT971-16) (for PA); National Institutes of Health under grant CA217817 (for DB); AGL2014-54585-R, AGL-2017-86927-R and EQC2018-004897-P from MINECO; PC0148-2016-0149 and PAI-BIO311 from Junta de Andalucía (for FM). Ciberehd_ISCIII_MINECO is funded by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III. We thank Silence Therapeutics plc. for the financial support provided. We thank MINECO for the Severo Ochoa Excellence Accreditation to CIC bioGUNE (SEV- 2016-0644)