Short-term Behavioral Bioassay for Cute Toxicity of Water-borne Pollutants

The purpose of this study has been to develop a rapid and sensitive method for detecting toxic conditions in fresh water systems. The completed test, which can be performed within as little as two hours, allows more sensitive detection of toxic conditions than is now obtained with standard 24- or 48-hour lethal bioassays. Financial support has been provided by the National Wildlife Federation, American Petroleum Institute, and an O. S. U. Presidential Challenge Grant.Zoolog

Habitat Requirements of Charadriiform Birds Nesting on Salt Flats at Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge

The purposes of this study were to describe habitat requirements and breeding ecology of the American avocet, inland least tern, and snowy plover on the salt flats of the Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge, northwestern Oklahoma. Field studies were conducted during the summers of 1977 and 1978

Multimessenger Search for Sources of Gravitational Waves and High-Energy Neutrinos: Results for Initial LIGO-Virgo and IceCube

We report the results of a multimessenger search for coincident signals from the LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave observatories and the partially completed IceCube high-energy neutrino detector, including periods of joint operation between 2007-2010. These include parts of the 2005-2007 run and the 2009-2010 run for LIGO-Virgo, and IceCube's observation periods with 22, 59 and 79 strings. We find no significant coincident events, and use the search results to derive upper limits on the rate of joint sources for a range of source emission parameters. For the optimistic assumption of gravitational-wave emission energy of $10^{-2}$\,M$_\odot$c$^2$ at $\sim 150$\,Hz with $\sim 60$\,ms duration, and high-energy neutrino emission of $10^{51}$\,erg comparable to the isotropic gamma-ray energy of gamma-ray bursts, we limit the source rate below $1.6 \times 10^{-2}$\,Mpc$^{-3}$yr$^{-1}$. We also examine how combining information from gravitational waves and neutrinos will aid discovery in the advanced gravitational-wave detector era