AS DIRETRIZES CURRICULARES PARA O CURSO DE CIÊNCIAS CONTÁBEIS: REFORMAS, CONTEÚDOS E PERSPECTIVAS DE INOVAÇÃO

O presente texto apresenta percurso de investigação sobre os currículos dos cursos de Ciências Contábeis, em especial, quanto aos aspectos constantes das Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais instituídas pelo Conselho Nacional de Educação/Ministério de Educação, a serem observados pelas Instituições de Ensino Superior ao estabelecerem a organização curricular para cursos de Ciências Contábeis por meio de Projeto Pedagógico. Tal proposição está fundada na busca por informações acerca da eleição e distribuição das disciplinas e dos conhecimentos contábeis, que intentam formar indivíduos para o mercado de trabalho/empregabilidade, com a ideia do futuro profissional, apto a acompanhar a tendência global. Por meio de pesquisa bibliográfica e de análises das Resoluções e Pareceres do MEC sobre as DCNs, o trabalho apresenta um conjunto de reflexões decorrentes de discursos que privilegia essencialmente a formação profissional. Diante disso e, com resultados, ainda que parte da construção argumentativa, infere-se que a pesquisa sobre o Currículo do Curso de graduação em Ciências Contábeis indica demanda crescente de objetos, fontes, temáticas e/ou problemas, que necessitam ser discutidos e aprofundados, principalmente, sob a ótica de que a formação de um profissional cidadão, humano, sensível aos problemas sociais e que seja capaz de fazer livres escolhas, também perpassem pelas instituições de ensino

Ex-vivo evaluation of four irrigation protocols for the removal of hard-tissue debris from flattened root canals and isthmus in mandibular incisors / Avaliação ex-vivo de quatro protocolos de irrigação para a remoção de resíduos de tecido duro de canais radiculares achatados e istmo em incisivos inferiores

Introduction This study aimed to compare the effect of ultrasonic activation in comparison to conventional irrigation in the removal of dentin debris from the root canals walls.  Methods Sixty single-rooted mandibular incisors with one only straight flattened root canal were selected and allocated across groups (n=15), according to the irrigation protocol: G1: conventional irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite; G2: conventional irrigation with 2% chlorhexidine gel and saline solution; G3: G1 + ultrasonic activation; G4: G2 + ultrasonic activation. Cross-sectional images were obtained and evaluated before and after root canal cleaning and shaping. Two-way (ANOVA) and t-test (P < 0.05) statistical tests were performed. Results G3 irrigation protocol removed significantly more dentin debris (p=0.0065), followed by the G1 protocol (p=0.0165) and by the G2 and G4 techniques, which were comparable (p=0.763).  Conclusions Irrigation with sodium hypochlorite followed by ultrasonic activation promoted a significant reduction in dentin debris within the root canal system

Adherence to the cardiac surgery checklist decreased mortality at a teaching hospital: A retrospective cohort study

Objective: To evaluate the impact of adherence to the cardiac surgical checklist on mortality at the teaching hospital. Methods: A retrospective cohort study after the implementation of the cardiac surgical safety checklist in a reference hospital in Latin America. All patients undergoing coronary artery bypass surgery and/or heart valve surgery from 2013 to 2019 were analyzed. After the implementation of the project InCor-Checklist “Five steps to safe cardiac surgery” in 2015, the correlation between adherence and completeness of this instrument with surgical mortality was assessed. The EuroSCORE II was used as a reference to assess the risk of expected mortality for patients. Cross-sectional questionnaires were during the implementation of the InCor-Checklist. To perform the correlation, Pearson's coefficient was calculated using R software. Results: Since 2013, data from 8139 patients have been analyzed. The average annual mortality was 5.98%. In 2015, the instrument was used in only 58% of patients; in contrast, it was used in 100% of patients in 2019. There was a decrease in surgical mortality from 8.22% to 3.13% for the same group of procedures. The results indicate that the greater the checklist use, the lower the surgical mortality (r = 88.9%). In addition, the greater the InCor-Checklist completeness, the lower the surgical mortality (r = 94.1%). Conclusion: In the formation of the surgical patient safety culture, the implementation and adherence to the InCor-Checklist “Five steps to safe cardiac surgery” was associated with decreased mortality after cardiac surgery

Implicações da radiação na saúde dos profissionais que utilizam a fluoroscopia na prática diária: Implications of radiation on the health of professionals who use the fluoroscopy in daily practice

O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as implicações da radiação na saúde dos profissionais que utilizam o arco cirúrgico na prática diária. Neste estudo foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura. Para seleção das publicações foram considerados como critérios de inclusão estar disponível em formato completo, publicado nos últimos cinco anos (2018-2022), escritas em língua portuguesa e inglesa. E como critérios de exclusão foram considerados estar foram do tema de pesquisa, ser revisão de literatura e repetido na base de dados. Os critérios de inclusão e exclusão foram considerados como meio de validade metodológica. Concluiu-se a partir desse estudo que apesar de baixos níveis de radiação emitidos por arco cirúrgico, os riscos ainda são significativos, verificando-se a necessidade de conscientização dos profissionais de saúde sobre a proteção necessária para mitigação das implicações, principalmente, entre os menos experientes.&nbsp

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Chromosomal evolution in Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae: Epidendroideae) with an emphasis on the genus Acianthera: chromosome numbers and heterochromatin

In this study, we analysed chromosome number variation and chromomycin A(3)/4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (CMA/DAPI) banding patterns in 48 species belonging to 12 genera of subtribe Pleurothallidinae (Orchidaceae) in order to understand the chromosome evolution based on recent phylogenetic hypotheses and taxonomic treatments. All species had small chromosomes, with numbers ranging from 2n=20 in two Specklinia spp. to 2n=80 in an unidentified Octomeria sp. In Acianthera, the most highly represented genus in this study, a great diversity of chromosome number and pattern of fluorescent bands was observed, showing heterochromatin accumulation in Acianthera section Sicariae subsection Pectinatae. Interspecific ascending and, mainly, descending dysploidy were the main mechanisms of chromosome number evolution in subtribe Pleurothallidinae. For Pleurothallidinae, x=20 is suggested as the basic chromosome number, the same suggested for the related subtribe Laeliinae and for the whole tribe Epidendreae. The Brazilian species of the mega-genus Stelis had chromosomes with small amounts of heterochromatin and chromosome numbers based on x(2)=16. These are generally divergent from those reported for Andean and Meso-American species, but in agreement with the monophyletic hypothesis proposed for Stelis spp. with a Brazilian Atlantic distribution.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP