Requerimiento del personal de enfermería en el servicio de ginecoobstetricia del Hospital General Nicolás A. Solano.

Objetivo general: determinar la cantidad adecuada del personal de enfermería, para satisfacer las necesidades biopsicosociales del paciente en los servicios de Ginecoobstetricia del Hospital General Nicolás A. Solano. Objetivos específicos: registrar el tiempo que requiere el personal de enfermería para satisfacer las necesidades del paciente en el servicio de ginecoobstetricia del Hospital General Nicolás A. Solano. Especificar el tiempo que utiliza el personal de enfermería en la ejecución de las actividades durante las veinticuatro horas. Identificar la categoría del personal de enfermería y el tiempo requerido para satisfacer las necesidades del paciente en el servicio de ginecoobstetricia del Hospital General Nicolás A. Solano. Calcular el porcentaje del tiempo utilizado en la satisfacción de las necesidades del paciente por categoría de personal. Relacionar el tiempo utilizado en las actividades realizadas por el personal de enfermería en el servicio de ginecoobstetricia del Hospital General Nicolás A. Solano. Estimar la cantidad y categoría del personal de enfermería requerido para satisfacer las necesidades del paciente en el servicio de ginecoobstetricia del Hospital General Nicolás A. Solano

Análisis de las medidas preventivas, correctoras y compensatorias de las infraestructuras lineales del transporte desde el punto de vista de los órganos ambientales y sustantivos

Esta comunicación está basada en el proyecto de investigación realizado por el Departamento de Ordenación del Territorio, Urbanismo y Medio Ambiente de la E.T.S.I. Caminos, Canales y Puertos, de la U.P.M., subvencionado por el Ministerio de Fomento, relativo a la eficacia de las medidas preventivas, correctoras y compensatorias de los impactos ambientales negativos de las infraestructuras lineales del transporte. Como parte de la investigación, se realizaron encuestas a los principales órganos ambientales y sustantivos implicados directamente en la aplicación de las medidas preventivas, correctoras y compensatorias de proyectos de infraestructuras lineales de transporte, así como a las ingenierías y consultoras que trabajan en el proceso. Los resultados de las encuestas permiten obtener una visión real de cómo funcionan el diseño y aplicación de estas medidas

Análisis de las medidas preventivas, correctoras y compensatorias de las infraestructuras lineales del transporte desde el punto de vista de las ingenierías y constructoras

Esta comunicación está basada en el proyecto de investigación realizado por el Departamento de Ordenación del Territorio, Urbanismo y Medio Ambiente de la ETSI Caminos, Canales y Puertos, de la UPM., subvencionado por el Ministerio de Fomento, relativo a la eficacia de las medidas preventivas, correctoras y compensatorias de los impactos ambientales negativos de las infraestructuras lineales del transporte. Como parte de la investigación, se realizaron encuestas a los diferentes sectores relacionados con el diseño y ejecución de este tipo de proyectos, como son las empresas de ingenierías y constructoras del país. Se elaboró un cuestionario que constaba de dos partes, la primera destinada a conocer la participación en el diseño, propuesta e implementación de las medidas preventivas, correctoras y compensatorias. En la segunda parte del cuestionario se presentaban las principales medidas preventivas y correctoras relativas a los siguientes elementos del medio; emisión de polvo, hidrología superficial y subterránea, ruido, suelo, fauna, vegetación y protección del patrimonio, para conocer la consideración respecto a la propuesta y aplicación real. También se recogen los resultados de la tendencia actual respecto a las medidas compensatorias relacionadas con la Red Natura 2000, así como la estimación del presupuesto que se destina a todas estas medidas

Models of α-synuclein aggregation in Parkinson’s disease

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is not only characterized by motor disturbances but also, by cognitive, sensory, psychiatric and autonomic dysfunction. It has been proposed that some of these symptoms might be related to the widespread pathology of α-synuclein (α-syn) aggregation in different nuclei of the central and peripheral nervous system. However, the pathogenic formation of α-syn aggregates in different brain areas of PD patients is poorly understood. Most experimental models of PD are valuable to assess specific aspects of its pathogenesis, such as toxin-induced dopaminergic neurodegeneration. However, new models are required that reflect the widespread and progressive formation of α-syn aggregates in different brain areas. Such α-syn aggregation is induced in only a few animal models, for example perikaryon inclusions are found in rats administered rotenone, aggregates with a neuritic morphology develop in mice overexpressing either mutated or wild-type α-syn, and in Smad3 deficient mice, aggregates form extensively in the perikaryon and neurites of specific brain nuclei. In this review we focus on α-syn aggregation in the human disorder, its genetics and the availability of experimental models. Indeed, evidences show that dopamine (DA) metabolism may be related to α-syn and its conformational plasticity, suggesting an interesting link between the two pathological hallmarks of PD: dopaminergic neurodegeneration and Lewy body (LB) formation

Impact of heavy metals in the microalga Chlorella sorokiniana and assessment of its potential use in cadmium bioremediation

The chlorophyte microalga Chlorella sorokiniana was tested for the bioremediation of heavy metals pollution. It was cultured with different concentrations of Cu2+, Cd2+, As (III) and As (V), showing a significant inhibition on its growth at concentrations of 500 µM Cu2+, 250 µM Cd2+, 750 µM AsO33- and 5 mM AsO43- or higher. Moreover, the consumption of ammonium was also studied, showing significant differences for concentrations higher than 1 mM of Cu2+ and As (III), and 5 mM of As (V). The determination of intracellular heavy metals concentration revealed that Chlorella sorokiniana is an outstanding Cd accumulator organism, able to accumulate 11,232 mg kg−1 of Cd, and removing 65% of initial concentration of this heavy metal. Finally, antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and enzymes involved in the production of glutamate and cysteine, such as glutamine syntethase (GS), glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH), O-acetylserine (thiol) lyase (OASTL) and NAD-isocitrate dehydrogenase (NAD-IDH) were studied both at gene expression and enzymatic activity levels. These enzymes exhibited different grades of upregulation, especially in response to Cd and As stress. However, GS expression was downregulated when Chlorella sorokiniana was cultured in the presence of these heavy metals.This work was supported in part by research grants from the Euro- pean governments (INTERREG VAPOCTEP-2014-2020; 0055_ALGAR- ED_PLUS_5_E), the Operative FEDER Program-Andalucía 2014-2020, the University of Huelva (UHU-1257518), and by the European Regional Development Fund through the Agencia Estatal de Investigaci ́on grant (PID 2019-110438RB-C22

Simultaneous production of carotenoids and chemical building blocks precursors from chlorophyta microalgae

Replacement of fossil fuels has to be accompanied by the incorporation of bio-based procedures for the production of fine chemicals. With this aim, the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii was selected for its ability to accumulate starch, an environmentally-friendly alternative source of chemical building blocks, such as 5′ -hydroxymethylfurfural or levulinic acid. The content of appreciated lipophilic coproducts was assessed in the selected microalga cultured at different nutritional conditions; and the parameters for the acidic hydrolysis of the algal biomass, obtained after pigments extraction, were optimized using a Central Composite Design. Response Surface Methodology predicted that the optimal hydrolysis conditions were elevated temperature, high DMSO % and short hydrolysis time for glucose. LA was favored at long times and high acid % and 5′ -HMF at lower acid % and high DMSO %. Chlamydomonas can therefore be used as a sustainable feedstock for the simultaneous production of high-added value lipophilic compounds and platform chemicals.Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA

A polymorphic enhancer near GREM1 influences bowel cancer risk through differential CDX2 and TCF7L2 binding

Under a Creative Commons license.-- et al.A rare germline duplication upstream of the bone morphogenetic protein antagonist GREM1 causes aMendelian-dominant predisposition to colorectal cancer (CRC). The underlying disease mechanism is strong, ectopic GREM1 overexpression in the intestinal epithelium. Here, we confirm that a common GREM1 polymorphism, rs16969681, is also associated with CRC susceptibility, conferring ~20% differential risk in the general population. We hypothesized the underlying cause to be moderate differences inGREM1 expression. We showed that rs16969681 lies in a region of active chromatin with allele- and tissue-specific enhancer activity. The CRC high-risk allele was associated with stronger gene expression, and higher Grem1 mRNA levels increased the intestinal tumor burden in ApcMin mice. The intestine-specific transcription factor CDX2 and Wnt effector TCF7L2 bound near rs16969681, with significantly higher affinity for the risk allele, and CDX2 overexpression in CDX2/GREM1-negative cells caused re-expression of GREM1. rs16969681 influences CRC risk through effects on Wnt-driven GREM1 expression in colorectal tumors. © 2014 The Authors.Funding was provided from Cancer Research UK grant A/16459, an EU FP7 SYSCOL Consortium grant, and the EU COST colorectal cancer initiative. Core funding to the Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics was provided from the Wellcome Trust (090532/Z/09/Z). J.L.G.-S. and J.J.C. were supported by the Spanish/FEDER government grants BFU2010-14839 and BFU2011-2292.Open Access funded by Wellcome Trust.Peer Reviewe

Análisis patentométrico de la información desde la perspectiva de género

Se describe y analiza la producción tecnológica de Cuba, registrada en documentos de patentes, procesados por la Oficina de Patentes de los Estados Unidos en el período 1997-2007. Se estudia la participación y el desempeño de la mujer en el desarrollo científico y técnico nacional con mayor impacto y visibilidad internacional. Para esto se utilizaron un conjunto de indicadores que permiten mostrar el comportamiento de la producción de patentes, así como obtener los datos necesarios para conocer el papel de la mujer en esta actividad. Se determinaron los sectores con mayores índices de producción y comercialización de tecnologías en Cuba, donde la mujer participa de forma activa; los períodos de tiempo más productivos y con mayor actividad inventiva, así como los centros e institutos de investigación e inventores con una mayor producción de patentes en el período de estudio. La mujer cubana muestra una fuerte presencia en la introducción de tecnologías del país en el mercado internacional en los últimos años

Amino acids profile of 56 species of microalgae reveals that free amino acids allow to distinguish between phylogenetic groups

Microalgae represent a phototrophic resource with a high protein content, whose nutritional value is very high as a result of its amino acid profile. Although the total amino acid profile has been repeatedly described to change little among phylogenetic groups of microalgae, some variability has occasionally been reported. Part of this uncertainty is associated with the low phylogenetic diversity encompassed in the work to date and the high methodological variability between studies. Among these studies, very few have differentiated between total and free amino acid content for common microalgae samples. Thus, in the present work, the profile of total and free amino acids has been determined in a diverse group composed of 56 species of microalgae belonging to 7 phyla. A multivariate analysis of the total amino acid profile in the studied microalgae group revealed close amino acid patterns throughout microalgae phylogeny and agreed with results obtained from similar analysis performed with published data. Conversely, the free amino acid profile strongly differentiated between phylogenetic groups. On the one hand, species of Cyanobacteria, Plantae, Cryptophyta, and Bacillariophyta showed close free amino acid patterns, characterized by the highest abundance of free glutamic acid. Ochrophyta species were particularly rich in free proline, while the free amino acid profile of Miozoa and Haptophyta species stood out from the rest of the phylogenetic groups for their outstanding levels of the two essential amino acids phenylalanine and lysine. Haptophyta species were also characterized by their much higher free tyrosine content.This work was supported by the European Union Cooperation Program INTERREG VA POCTEP-055 ALGARED PLUS5E Spain-Portugal (2014–2020). The authors are grateful to the Fertinagro Biotech Foundation (C´atedra Fertinagro Biotech Universidad de Huelva). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Huelva / CBUA is acknowledged

Four spot megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii) weight-length and weight-weight relationships in northern Iberian waters (stock 8.c, 9.a)

Total weight-length, gutted weight-length and total weight-gutted weight relationships were fitted for the Iberian Atlantic stock of four spot megrim (Lepidorhombus boscii) and their temporal variations were analyzed. The large sample size, size range and timeseries available allowed obtaining robust somatic parameters of combined sexes for the total weight-length relationships (a=0.0043, b=3.2008), for the gutted weight-length relationships (a=0.0055, b=3.1139), and the weight conversion factors (1.062). They are considered to best fit the current biometric relationships and most appropriate to be used in the stock assessment of the status of the stock and they contribute to a deeper knowledge of the life history traits of this species