The effects of lingual frenotomy on breastfeeding: an integrative review

Purpose: to investigate what effects lingual frenotomy has on breastfeeding. Methods: based on the research question – “Is there a relationship between the improvement in breastfeeding and the lingual frenotomy?” –, a bibliographical survey was carried out in three databases, using the following descriptors: ankyloglossia, lingual frenum, breastfeeding and frenotomy. Frenotomy is a free term. Original articles with babies up to 6 months old who had difficulties breastfeeding due to ankyloglossia and who had been submitted to lingual frenotomy were chosen. An instrument was developed, containing the following information: name of the authors, year of publication, country of origin, the objective of the study, type of study, sample, main results, and conclusion. Literature Review: of the 243 articles screened, four met the inclusion criteria for this study. It was observed that, after lingual frenotomy, some changes may take place in breastfeeding patterns, such as an increase in the number of suctions and a decrease in the time of pause in between series of suctions. Conclusion: the lingual frenotomy can be an important procedure in the treatment of babies with ankyloglossia, possibly helping improve the latch and breastfeeding.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Partnerships for the production of patents through the CT-Petro sector fund

This paper seeks to investigate whether Brazilian public policies to encourage public-private partnerships for patent development through the CT-Petro Sector Fund were effective. This fund was created with the objective of developing the Brazilian petrochemical industry after the breach of the Petrobras monopoly in the late 1990s. Until that time, this state company developed all research in this sector. The structure of this article begins with the bibliographic survey of the agents involved in this production chain and how they organized to maintain the productive level of R&D. Finding out about the transfer of funds through FINEP public notices, researchers and companies were attracted and encouraged to create products and services. Whether competition between companies has resulted in improvements to the development of patents for the industry in question. Aiming to demonstrate the interest of the state in transferring its former predominant role to agents Companies and Universities (and/or Research Centers)

Primeiro relato de Trichogramma pratissolii em plantios de Eucalyptus spp. no estado de Minas Gerais – Brasil

Cardboards with Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) eggs were fastened to eucalyptus plants in the Municipality of Paraopeba, State of Minas Gerais, Brazil aiming to collect egg parasitoids that naturally occur in this area. All individuals of egg parasitoids collected were identified as Trichogramma pratissolii Querino and Zucchi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) and it represents the first report of this species in the Minas Gerais State and also in Eucalyptus plantations in Brazil.Cartelas contendo ovos de Anagasta kuehniella (Zeller) (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) foram fixadas em plantas de eucalipto no município de Paraopeba, estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil, visando coletar parasitóides de ovos que ocorressem naturalmente nessa área. Todos os parasitóides de ovos coletados foram identificados como Trichogramma pratissolii Querino e Zucchi (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) e representam o primeiro relatório dessa espécie no estado de Minas Gerais e também em plantações de eucalipto no Brasil

FONTES DE RESISTÊNCIA A TRAÇA DO TOMATEIRO EM TOMATE CEREJA

The tomato plant has narrow genetic base due to intensive breeding and domestication of wild varieties. On the other hand, accessions are a potential source of germplasm against insect pests for tomato crop. The aim of this study was to evaluate the injury caused by Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) in the leaves and plant of Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme. The phenotypic and qualitative variability among 15 accessions, injury in leaves and plant after 20 days were evaluated. The injury in leaves and plant were carried out by the scale notes. In general, the accession CCAUFES 40 was the most resistant to T. absoluta, what indicate that one have potential as a source of germplasm for plants breeding of tomato against T. absoluta.O tomateiro possui estreita base genética, devido ao intensivo melhoramento e domesticação de espécies selvagens. Por outro lado, acessos são fontes potenciais de germoplasma contra insetos-praga dessa cultura. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar os danos causados por Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) em folhas e nas plantas de Lycopersicon esculentum var. cerasiforme. A variabilidade fenotípica e qualitativa entre 15 acessos, os danos nas folhas e plantas após 20 dias foram avaliados. O dano nas folhas e plantas foi avaliado por escala notas. De maneira geral, o acesso CCAUFES 40 foi a mais resistente a T. absoluta, o que indica que o mesmo possui potencial como fonte de germoplasma para o melhoramento de plantas de tomate contra T. absoluta

Comparative molecular cytogenetics in Melipona Illiger species (Hymenoptera, Apidae)

Cytogenetic studies in Melipona are scarce with only 24 species analyzed cytogenetically. Of these, six species had the rDNA sites physically mapped and characterized by Fluorescent in situ Hybridization (fish). The aim of this study was to perform karyotype analyzes on Melipona species from different regions of Brazil, with a greater sampling representative of the Amazonian fauna and using conventional, fluorochrome staining and FISH with heterologous rDNA probes. The predominant chromosome number was 2n = 18, however, the subspecies M. seminigra abunensis and M. s. pernigra showed 2n = 22 chromosomes. The karyotypes were symmetrical, however M. bicolor, M. quadrifasciata, M. flavolineata, M. fuscopilosa, M. nebulosa presented the first pair heteromorphic in length. CMA3+ blocks also exhibited heteromorphism of size and in almost all cases coincided with rDNA sites, except for M. crinita and M. nebulosa, which presented additional non-coincident CMA3+ blocks. The CMA/ rDNA sites were terminal and interstitial in species with high heterochromatic content, and pericentromeric in those species with low heterochromatic content. In addition to pointing out cytogenetic features of cytotaxonomic importance, the reorganization of the genome in Melipona is discussed

The influence of sugarcane pre‐harvest fire on hantavirus prevalence in Neotropical small mammals

The use of pre-harvest fire in sugarcane fields surprisingly results in an increase in the abundance of Neotropical Sigmodontinae rodents, which might carry hantavirus. By contrast, fire suspension induces a decline in rodents in the first 5 years. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of sugarcane harvest regimes on hantavirus prevalence in wild rodents. Field collections were carried out on a sugarcane production area in Northeast S˜ao Paulo, which is responsible for 30% of the ethanol production in Brazil. A few years after pre-harvest fire suspension, a high prevalence of hantavirus was found in small rodents at lower population density, but apparently higher population growth rate. Differences in life cycle between the rodents and their predators may explain such density patterns, as small rodents can breed twice or even three times each year, whereas their predators usually breed only once a year. Similarly, the temporal dynamics of the predator–prey relationship suggests that hantavirus prevalence is related to small rodent’s population growth and not density. Only Akodon montensis, Calomys tener, and Necromys lasiurus contained immunoglobulin G antibodiesagainst the recombinant nucleoprotein of Araraquara orthohantavirus, a genotype of Andes orthohantavirus, with no interspecific variation in seroprevalence among these species. However, males presented higher prevalence rate than females, possibly due to a male-biased dispersal pattern and a higher frequency of antagonistic interactions. Governance measures to mitigate the role of small wild rodents on the emergence of hantavirus in agricultural landscapes dominated by sugarcane plantations should include the use of wildlife-friendly management techniques (e.g., to mitigate the mortality of the predators of small rodents), human capacity building concerning wildlife-related conflicts, and multifunctionality of agricultural landscapes. Future studies should prioritize the possible relationship between microhabitat structure and hantavirus prevalence in small rodents in agricultural landscapes dominated by sugarcane fields.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Cambios Hematológicos En Cachamas (Colossoma Macropomum Cuvier, 1818) Expuestas A Diferentes Concentraciones De Percolado De Relleno Sanitario

The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological changes of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) exposed to leachate. The leachate is a liquid produced by the organic mass waste during the process of biological degradation. It was purchased in landfill controlled the city of Manaus located in Manaus-Itacoatiara highway (Km19). The experiments were conducted in the laboratory of the University Center Nilton Lins (CUNL). Two experiments were carried out, determining the LC50 (2.06 v / v) to the time of 24 hours, and hematological analysis using the LC50 pre-determined, which analyzed the concentrations of cortisol, glucose, Ht, Hb, CBR, VCM, MCH and MCHC. Juveniles of tambaqui with weights of 15 ± 4.6 g, and length of 7 ± 2 cm was used. Colossoma macropomum specie not showed statistically significant changes in haematological parameters, cortisol and glucose when exposed to a concentration of 2.06 v / v slurry for 3.6 and 9 hours.El objetivo principal de este estudio fue evaluar los cambios fisiológicos de cachamas (Colossoma macropomum) expuestas a la influencia de un relleno sanitario. La suspensión es un líquido producido por la masa de residuos orgánicos en el proceso de degradación biológica. Esta suspensión fue adquirida en un vertedero controlado de la ciudad de Manaus, ubicada en el km 19 de la carretera AM 010 (Manaus-Itacoatiara). Los experimentos se realizaron en el laboratorio del Centro Universitário Nilton Lins (CUNL). Se realizaron dos experimentos, la determinación de la CL50 (2,06 v / v) para el tiempo de 24 horas y hematológicos analiza utilizando el LC50 predeterminado. Se analizaron los niveles de cortisol, glucosa, hematocrito, hemoglobina, glóbulos rojos corpusculares. Fueron utilizados cachamas con peso de 15 g ± 4,6 y longitud de 7 ± 2 cm. La especie Colossoma macropomum no mostraron cambios estadísticos significativos para los parámetros hematológicos cuando el cortisol y la concentración de glucosa se exponen a 2,06 v/v de suspensión durante 3,6 horas y 9 horas

FORMACIÓN DOCENTE PARA LA ENSEÑANZA DE LA EDUCACIÓN INTERPROFESIONAL

Objective: To report the authors’ experiences regarding the training of faculty members for Interprofessional Education teaching.Development: Experience report using direct observation of the activities of professors from two public universities in the state of Bahia, between 2014 and 2019. The data were recorded in a field diary, organized by thematic approach and analyzed in its parts and in the relationships between the training of faculty members and the teaching of Interprofessional Education. Three dimensions were identified: concerns and reflections in practical activities; movement towards the teaching of Interprofessional Education; and movement in postgraduate health education.Conclusion: The experiences in the training of faculty members contributed to teaching, regarding Interprofessional Education, by raising reflections on the movements for training faculty members for interprofessional education and findings on the possibilities of the training of professors. We expect that these initiatives are implemented on a permanent basis and in different teaching spaces.Objetivo: relatar experiencias de las autoras en lo que se refiere a la formación docente para la enseñanza de la Educación Interprofesional. Desarrollo: relato de experiencia a partir de la observación directa de las actividades de docentes de dos universidades públicas del estado de Bahía, entre 2014 y 2019. Los datos se registraron en un diario de campo, se organizaron por enfoque temático y se analizaron en sus partes y en las relaciones entre la formación docente y la enseñanza de la Educación Interprofesional. Se identificaron tres dimensiones: preocupaciones y reflexiones en los ámbitos prácticos; movimiento para abordar la enseñanza de la Educación Interprofesional; y movimiento en la formación de postgrado. Conclusión: las experiencias vividas en la formación docente han contribuido a la enseñanza, con vistas a la Educación Interprofesional, haciendo suscitar reflexiones sobre los movimientos formativos del docente hacia la interprofesionalidad y hallazgos sobre las posibilidades formativas del docente. Se espera que estas experiencias tengan continuidad y se apliquen en los diferentes espacios de enseñanza.Objetivo: relatar experiências das autoras em relação à formação docente para o ensino da Educação Interprofissional.Desenvolvimento: relato de experiência a partir da observação direta das atividades de docentes de duas universidades públicas do estado da Bahia, entre 2014 e 2019. Os dados foram registrados em diário de campo, organizados por aproximação temática e analisados em suas partes e nas relações entre a formação docente e o ensino da Educação Interprofissional. Identificou-se três dimensões: inquietações e reflexões nos campos práticos; movimento de aproximação ao ensino da Educação Interprofissional; e movimento na pós-graduação.Conclusão: as experiências vividas na formação docente contribuíram para o ensino, tendo em vista a Educação Interprofissional, por suscitarem reflexões sobre os movimentos formativos do docente em direção à interprofissionalidade e constatações acerca das possibilidades formativas do docente. Espera-se que tais experiências sejam continuadas e aplicadas nos diferentes espaços de ensino.

Obesity of normal weight and abdominal obesity in physical exercise practitioners: "fake lean"?

ABSTRACT Obesity of normal weight and abdominal obesity in physical exercise practitioners: "fake lean"?Introduction: Although body mass index (BMI) eutrophy is desirable for decreasing cardiovascular and metabolic risk, recent research has attributed high risk in BMI eutrophic subjects, but with a high percentage of body fat (normal weight obesity) and abdominal obesity. Aim: to analyze the prevalence of normal weight obesity (NWO) and abdominal obesity (AO) in BMI eutrophic. Materials and methods: 204 volunteers (52.26 ± 14.18 years), 168 women (52.02 ± 14.27 years) and 36 men (53.39 ± 13.90) physical exercise practitioners underwent the following procedures divided in 3 phases: 1) all sample were initially submitted to BMI, percentage of body fat (%BF) and waist-height ratio (WHR) measurements; 2) only the BMI eutrophic subjects (n=83) were evaluated separately to identify the NWO and AO prevalence; 3) In the BMI eutrophic subjects, men and women over 61 and 55 years old, respectively, were excluded, and NWO and AO were repeated in the remaining subjects (n=52). Results: In the general sample, %BF was lower in men than women (18.61 ± 6.05 vs. 28.78 ± 5.24). For age, WHR and BMI, the statistical analysis showed no significant difference. In the BMI eutrophic subjects (N=83), 14.9% of the women presented NWO, representing 13.3% of the total. No man presented NWO. In this same sample, 44.4% of the men and 24.3% of the women had WHR over the optimal, representing 26.5% of the eutrophic subjects. Excluding the eutrophic subjects over 61 (men) and 55 years old (women) (N=52), 14.9% of the women presented NWO, representing 13.5% of the total. Conclusion: In BMI eutrophic subjects, 13 and 26% of the subjects presented NWO and AO, respectively. NWO was observed exclusively in women, whereas AO was more present in men.Introdução: Embora a eutrofia no índice de massa corporal (IMC) seja desejável para diminuição do risco cardiometabólico, pesquisas recentes têm atribuído risco elevado em sujeitos eutróficos no IMC, porém como elevado percentual de gordura corporal (%GC) (obesidade do peso normal) e obesidade abdominal (OA). Objetivo: analisar a prevalência de obesidade do peso normal (OPN) e OA em sujeitos eutróficos no IMC. Materiais e métodos: 204 voluntários (52,26 ± 14,18 anos), sendo 168 mulheres (52,02 ± 14,27 anos) e 36 homens (53,39 ± 13,90) praticantes de exercício físico participaram do estudo, que foi realizado em 3 fases: 1) toda amostra foi inicialmente submetida às avaliações de IMC, %GC e relação cintura-estatura (RCE); 2) somente os sujeitos eutróficos no IMC (n=83) foram avaliados separadamente para identificação da prevalência de OPN e OA; 3) dos sujeitos eutróficos, foram excluídos homens e mulheres com idade acima de 61 e 55 anos, respectivamente, e repetidas as análises de OPN e OA nos sujeitos restantes (n=52). Resultados: Na amostra geral, o %GC foi menor nos homens em relação às mulheres (18,61 ± 6,05 vs. 28,78 ± 5,24). Para idade, RCE e IMC, a análise estatística não revelou diferença significativa entre sexos. Nos sujeitos eutróficos (n=83), 14,9% das mulheres apresentaram OPN, representando 13,3% do total. Nenhum homem apresentou esse quadro. Nesse mesmo recorte amostral, 44,4% dos homens e 24,3% das mulheres apresentaram RCE acima do ideal, representando 26,5% dos eutróficos. Excluindo-se os sujeitos eutróficos acima de 61 (homens) e 55 anos (mulheres) (n=52), 14,9% das mulheres apresentaram OPN, representando 13,5% do total. Conclusão: Em sujeitos eutróficos no IMC, 13 e 26% da amostra apresentaram OPN e OA, respectivamente. A OPN foi observada exclusivamente em mulheres, enquanto a OA foi mais presente em homens.Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Interdisciplinar Doencas Metabol, Grp Estudos Obesidade, Santos, SP, BrazilFac Praia Grande, Fac Educ Fis, Praia Grande, SP, BrazilPrefeitura Municipal Santos, Secretaria Esportes, Secao Avaliacao Fis, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Santa Cecilia, Fac Educ Fis & Esportes, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Biociencias, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Lab Interdisciplinar Doencas Metabol, Grp Estudos Obesidade, Santos, SP, BrazilUniv Fed Sao Paulo, Dept Biociencias, Santos, SP, BrazilWeb of Scienc

BioSCIENCE: NOVA PROPOSTA PARA A CIÊNCIA ABERTA

Academic publishing has undergone many changes with the digital age, making room for new ideas, no longer watertight and associated with the traditional aspects, used for decades, but interactive, modern and with freely accessible possibilities. The objective of this project was to present a new publishing model including, in addition to the traditional aspects, several sections that allow the inclusion of multimedia, infographics, videos, videocasts, postcasts, sounds, images, data publication (data papers), continuing education and university interactivity. A digital review was carried out on the most traditional journals in the medical field, placing the status quo of national and international publishing and raising all the structural needs for the creation of a new model regarding the institutional repository to house all the data and submissions in long term. In conclusion, it was possible to transform a traditional journal with 80 years of continuous publication into a modern project integrated with Open Science and Open Access.La publicación académica ha sufrido muchos cambios con la era digital, dando lugar a nuevas ideas. Ya no debe ser estanco y se asociaba a los aspectos tradicionales, vigentes desde hacía décadas, posibilidades interactivas, modernas y de libre acceso. El objetivo de este proyecto fue presentar un nuevo modelo editorial que incluye, además de los aspectos tradicionales, varias secciones que permiten la inclusión de multimedia, infografías, videos, videocasts, postcasts, sonidos, imágenes, publicación de datos (data papers), educación continua y interactividad universitaria. Se realizó una revisión digital de las revistas más tradicionales del ámbito médico, situando el statu quo de la edición nacional e internacional y planteando todas las necesidades estructurales para la creación de un nuevo modelo en cuanto al repositorio institucional para albergar todos los datos y artículos el largo plazo. En conclusión, se logró transformar una revista tradicional con 80 años de publicación continua en un proyecto moderno integrado con Ciencia Abierta y Acceso Abierto.A editoração acadêmica tem muitas ideias com novas ideias, promovendo mudanças para novas áreas. Deixou de ser estanque e associado aos aspectos tradicionais, vigentes por extensões e possibilidades interativas, modernas, de acesso livre. O objetivo deste foi apresentar novo modelo de editoração projeto, além de aspectos tradicionais, seções diversas que permitem inclusão da multimídia, infografia, vídeos, videocasts, postcasts, sons, educação, publicação de dados (data papers), continuada e interatividade universitária . Foi realizada revisão digital sobre o tradicional como as revisões da área médica em situação o tradicionais da editoração nacional e para a criação de novas necessidades de status novo modelo no que se refere a todos os dados institucionais internacionais para albergar em todos os prazos e submissões. Em conclusão, foi possível transformar um periódico com 80 anos de publicação contínua em projeto moderno e integrado com a Ciência Aberta e Open Access