Women, health and health professions: historiographical review and case studies in contemporary Spanish health system

La reconstrucción histórica de las prácticas de salud de las mujeres, tomando el caso español como campo de pruebas y modelo de análisis, constituye una de las líneas directrices de éste trabajo. Sobre la base de una importante cantidad de estudios empíricos, ajenos y propios, centrados muy en especial en el área de la enfermería, se puede delinear una imagen de conjunto sobre el trabajo sanitario de las mujeres, en el espacio geográfico y temporal objeto de nuestro estudio y contestar así a una serie de cuestiones en las que lo experto, la experiencia, la autoridad y los procesos de legitimación profesional están omnipresentes. La segunda de las vertientes abordadas es la de las mujeres como pacientes y usuarias de prácticas de salud. Las llamadas “patologías de mujeres” como la clorosis o la neurastenia y el significado histórico del protagonismo de las mujeres en las campañas y programas de educación sanitaria son otros tantos ejemplos que permiten desvelar discursos cargados de elementos ideológicos tradicionales pese a su aparente barniz de modernidad. Como principales conclusiones, hay que destacar la importancia que alcanzaron los discursos androcéntricos en temas concernientes a salud y mujer de forma global, o los más específicos como el del culto a la fecundidad para justificar unas tareas sociales diferentes y complementarias a las del hombre, además de señalar la conveniencia de explorar nuevos caminos a recorrer, tanto desde el punto de vista temático como en lo relativo a los recursos heurísticos.The historical reconstruction of health practices of women, taking the Spanish case as a testing ground and model of analysis, is one of the basic guideliness of this paper. Based on an important amount of empirical studies, focusing in particular in the area of nursing, we can have an overall picture of the health work of women in the geographic space and time of our work and thus, answer a series of questions in which the expert, the experience, authority and professional legitimation are omnipresent. The second of the aspects addressed is that of women as a patients and users of health practices. So-called “diseases of women”, as chlorosis and neurasthenia and the historical meaning of the role of women in health campaigns and health education programs, are all examples to reveal discourses full of traditional ideological features despite its apparent veneer of modernity. As the main conclusions, we must highlight the importance reached in androcentric discourses on issues concerning health and women globally, or the more specific as the fertility cult to justify different and complementary social tasks of a man, besides pointing out the desirability of exploring new paths to follow from both thematically and in terms of the heuristic tools

Biocompounds from Haloarchaea and Their Uses in Biotechnology

New advances in the understanding of haloarchaea physiology, metabolism, biochemistry, and molecular biology show that these kinds of microorganisms produce several compounds in response to the extreme conditions of their ecosystems. Thus, the complete metabolic and genetic machineries are fully adapted to nutrient starvation, high sun radiation, and high ionic strength. Due to these adaptations, some of the primary and secondary metabolites produced by haloarchaea are of high interest in terms of potential biotechnological uses. The principal goal of the chapter is to present a review about the main characteristics of these biocompounds and their potential uses in biomedicine, pharmacy, and industry

Towards a Greener University: Perceptions of Landscape Services in Campus Open Space

[EN] Universities are showing a growing interest in becoming green institutions and improving campus open space management. Well-designed urban landscapes guided by green criteria integrate eco-friendly infrastructure which may be effective in facing urban challenges in the context of climate change. Student preferences and uses of campus outdoor environment should draw the attention of campus landscape planners. This study aims to analyse how the university community perceives landscape services provided by the Spanish Universitat Politecnica de Valencia's campus open space. An online questionnaire was sent to the university community to check its opinions, level of satisfaction, and their demands related to the current situation of the outdoor areas. Campus open spaces with different urban green infrastructure have a high potential to provide cultural, provisioning, and regulation landscape services. Respondents perceive the main benefits provided by campus open spaces to be that they are a place to relax, meet friends, and pass through. Their needs related to the welfare of outdoor areas and their preferences differ according to age, occupation, and time spent at the campus. This paper intends to help the university to meet environmental guidelines and to help other universities in their endeavour to reach sustainability and ensure the university community's well-being.This research was funded by European Commission, European Union's Horizon 2020, Green Cities for Climate and Water Resilience, Sustainable Economic Growth, Healthy Citizens and Environments; grant number 730283.Tudorie, CA.; Vallés-Planells, M.; Gielen, E.; Arroyo-López, MR.; Galiana, F. (2020). Towards a Greener University: Perceptions of Landscape Services in Campus Open Space. Sustainability. 12(15):1-26. https://doi.org/10.3390/su121560471261215Raising the standard. The Green Flag Award guidance Manual 2016 http://www.greenflagaward.org/Universidad de Navarra https://www.unav.edu/web/horizonte-2020/green-campusCommon International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) V5.1 Guidance on the Application of the Revised Structure, UK https://cices.eu/content/uploads/sites/8/2018/01/Guidance-V51-01012018.pdfSpeake, J., Edmondson, S., & Nawaz, H. (2013). Everyday encounters with nature: students’ perceptions and use of university campus green spaces. HUMAN GEOGRAPHIES – Journal of Studies and Research in Human Geography, 7(1), 21-31. doi:10.5719/hgeo.2013.71.21McFarland, A. L., Waliczek, T. M., & Zajicek, J. M. (2008). The Relationship Between Student Use of Campus Green Spaces and Perceptions of Quality of Life. HortTechnology, 18(2), 232-238. doi:10.21273/horttech.18.2.232Gulwadi, G. B., Mishchenko, E. D., Hallowell, G., Alves, S., & Kennedy, M. (2019). The restorative potential of a university campus: Objective greenness and student perceptions in Turkey and the United States. Landscape and Urban Planning, 187, 36-46. doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2019.03.003Abu-Ghazzeh, T. M. (1999). Communicating Behavioral Research to Campus Design. Environment and Behavior, 31(6), 764-804. doi:10.1177/00139169921972344Hanan, H. (2013). Open Space as Meaningful Place for Students in ITB Campus. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 85, 308-317. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.08.361Lau, S. S. Y., Gou, Z., & Liu, Y. (2014). Healthy campus by open space design: Approaches and guidelines. Frontiers of Architectural Research, 3(4), 452-467. doi:10.1016/j.foar.2014.06.006Caselles, V., L�pez Garc�a, M. J., Meli�, J., & P�rez Cueva, A. J. (1991). Analysis of the heat-island effect of the city of Valencia, Spain, through air temperature transects and NOAA satellite data. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 43(4), 195-203. doi:10.1007/bf00867455Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial https://ich.unesco.org/esFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) http://www.fao.org/news/story/en/item/1252906/icode/2029Memoria del Curso Académico 2017–2018 https://www.upv.es/organizacion/la-institucion/memoria-curso-upv-es.htmlVallés-Planells, M., Galiana, F., & Van Eetvelde, V. (2014). A Classification of Landscape Services to Support Local Landscape Planning. Ecology and Society, 19(1). doi:10.5751/es-06251-190144Ibrahim, N., & Fadzil, N. H. (2013). Informal Setting for Learning on Campus: Usage and Preference. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 105, 344-351. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.11.036Schipperijn, J., Stigsdotter, U. K., Randrup, T. B., & Troelsen, J. (2010). Influences on the use of urban green space – A case study in Odense, Denmark. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 9(1), 25-32. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2009.09.002Bonthoux, S., Chollet, S., Balat, I., Legay, N., & Voisin, L. (2019). Improving nature experience in cities: What are people’s preferences for vegetated streets? Journal of Environmental Management, 230, 335-344. doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.09.056Pasini, M., Berto, R., Brondino, M., Hall, R., & Ortner, C. (2014). How to Measure the Restorative Quality of Environments: The PRS-11. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 159, 293-297. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2014.12.375Urban GI Components Inventory Milestone 23. Green Surge Project https://ign.ku.dk/english/green-surge/Larson, L. R., Keith, S. J., Fernandez, M., Hallo, J. C., Shafer, C. S., & Jennings, V. (2016). Ecosystem services and urban greenways: What’s the public’s perspective? Ecosystem Services, 22, 111-116. doi:10.1016/j.ecoser.2016.10.004Gauthier, T. D., & Hawley, M. E. (2007). STATISTICAL METHODS. Introduction to Environmental Forensics, 129-183. doi:10.1016/b978-012369522-2/50006-3Laake, P., & Fagerland, M. W. (2015). Statistical Inference. Research in Medical and Biological Sciences, 379-430. doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-799943-2.00011-2Armstrong, R. A. (2014). When to use the Bonferroni correction. Ophthalmic and Physiological Optics, 34(5), 502-508. doi:10.1111/opo.12131University Libraries. SPSS Tutorials: Pearson Correlation https://libguides.library.kent.edu/SPSS/PearsonCorrUlrich, R. S., Simons, R. F., Losito, B. D., Fiorito, E., Miles, M. A., & Zelson, M. (1991). Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 11(3), 201-230. doi:10.1016/s0272-4944(05)80184-7Nikolopoulou, M., & Lykoudis, S. (2007). Use of outdoor spaces and microclimate in a Mediterranean urban area. Building and Environment, 42(10), 3691-3707. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2006.09.008Rahnema, S., Sedaghathoor, S., Allahyari, M. S., Damalas, C. A., & Bilali, H. E. (2019). Preferences and emotion perceptions of ornamental plant species for green space designing among urban park users in Iran. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 39, 98-108. doi:10.1016/j.ufug.2018.12.00

Mujeres, salud y profesiones sanitarias: revisión historiográfica y estudio de casos en la sanidad española contemporánea

The historical reconstruction of health practices of women, taking the Spanish case as a testing ground and model of analysis, is one of the basic guideliness of this paper. Based on an important amount of empirical studies, focusing in particular in the area of nursing, we can have an overall picture of the health work of women in the geographic space and time of our work and thus, answer a series of questions in which the expert, the experience, authority and professional legitimation are omnipresent. The second of the aspects addressed is that of women as a patients and users of health practices. So-called “diseases of women”, as chlorosis and neurasthenia and the historical meaning of the role of women in health campaigns and health education programs, are all examples to reveal discourses full of traditional ideological features despite its apparent veneer of modernity. As the main conclusions, we must highlight the importance reached in androcentric discourses on issues concerning health and women globally, or the more specific as the fertility cult to justify different and complementary social tasks of a man, besides pointing out the desirability of exploring new paths to follow from both thematically and in terms of the heuristic tools.La reconstrucción histórica de las prácticas de salud de las mujeres, tomando el caso español como campo de pruebas y modelo de análisis, constituye una de las líneas directrices de éste trabajo. Sobre la base de una importante cantidad de estudios empíricos, ajenos y propios, centrados muy en especial en el área de la enfermería, se puede delinear una imagen de conjunto sobre el trabajo sanitario de las mujeres, en el espacio geográfico y temporal objeto de nuestro estudio y contestar así a una serie de cuestiones en las que lo experto, la experiencia, la autoridad y los procesos de legitimación profesional están omnipresentes. La segunda de las vertientes abordadas es la de las mujeres como pacientes y usuarias de prácticas de salud. Las llamadas “patologías de mujeres” como la clorosis o la neurastenia y el significado histórico del protagonismo de las mujeres en las campañas y programas de educación sanitaria son otros tantos ejemplos que permiten desvelar discursos cargados de elementos ideológicos tradicionales pese a su aparente barniz de modernidad. Como principales conclusiones, hay que destacar la importancia que alcanzaron los discursos androcéntricos en temas concernientes a salud y mujer de forma global, o los más específicos como el del culto a la fecundidad para justificar unas tareas sociales diferentes y complementarias a las del hombre, además de señalar la conveniencia de explorar nuevos caminos a recórrer, tanto desde el punto de vista temático como en lo relativo a los recursos heurísticos

Monitoring biological and psychological measures throughout an entire season in male handball players

[EN] The aim of this study was to monitor biological markers of inflammation and oxidative stress, mood states, and recoverystress states throughout an entire season in male handball players. Fourteen handball players (age 20.192.5 years) with a regular training and competitive background in handball (11.093.7 years) from the same club volunteered to participate. All participants completed 40 weeks of training. The training load was increased progressively throughout the season. Blood samples were collected and questionnaires were administered during preparatory, competitive, and recovery periods. Blood C-reactive protein and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations increased during periods of high load, while the reduced/oxidized glutathione ratio (GSH/GSSG) decreased. These changes were accompanied by a significant increase in total leukocyte count. Positive correlations were found between C-reactive protein, GSSG, GSH/GSSG ratio, and training load. No changes were observed in the Total Mood Disturbance score of the Profile of Mood States (POMS). However, scores on some Recovery-Stress Questionnaire for Athletes subscales, such as Injury, Physical Recovery, and Being in Shape, correlated with training load. Findings indicate that during periods of high training load, handball players developed a low grade of inflammation and oxidative state. Results support the usefulness of monitoring psychological and biological markers of inflammation, oxidative stress, and training load during season.SIThis work was supported by the Acción Estratégica Sobre el Deporte, Spain (grant #2006-56141-C03- 01 to J.G. and grant #2006-56141-C03-02 to S.M.)

Signs of Overload After an Intensified Training

[EN] This study investigated eff ects of a 9-week intensified aerobic training and 3-weeks of recovery on signs of overload in 9 healthy active young males. Blood and saliva samples were collected and psychological questionnaires were administered during baseline (T1), intermediate load (T2), maximal load (T3), and recovery (T4) periods. Maximal oxygen uptake increased and blood lactate concentration decreased in T3, while running time in a 3 000 m track fi eld test was significantly shorter. No signifi cant changes were found in hematocrit, haemoglobin concentration, white blood cell count, lactate dehydrogenase, transaminases, interleukin-6, tumour necrosis factor- α , myeloperoxidase and markers of oxidative stress in plasma, or salivary cortisol and testosterone. Increases in diff erent negative aff ectscales and in the total mood disturbance score of the Profi le of Mood States were observed during T3. Scores in the stress scales of the Recovery- Stress Questionnaire for Athletes and in the State Anxiety Scale of the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory also showed signifi cant increases during T3. The lack of eff ects in biomarkers together with the changes observed in psychological assessment indicates that an intensifi ed training can produce psychological disturbances prone to early overreaching development. Additionally, it seems that psychological parameters are sensitive markers to detect stress produced by load increases.SIThis work was supported by the Acción Estratégica Sobre el Deporte, Spain (grants n ° 2006-56141-C03-01 to J. G., n ° 2006- 56141-C03-02 to S.M., and n ° 2006-56141-C03-03 to F.S.

Exploring relations among mindfulness facets and various meditation practices: Do they work in different ways?

Several meditation practices are associated with mindfulness-based interventions but little is known about their specific effects on the development of different mindfulness facets. This study aimed to assess the relations among different practice variables, types of meditation, and mindfulness facets. The final sample was composed of 185 participants who completed an on-line survey, including information on the frequency and duration of each meditation practice, lifetime practice, and the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes structural model was specified, estimated, and tested. Results showed that the Model's overall fit was adequate: v2 (1045) = 1542.800 (p < 0.001), CFI = 0.902, RMSEA = 0.042. Results revealed that mindfulness facets were uniquely related to the different variables and types of meditation. Our findings showed the importance of specific practices in promoting mindfulness, compared to compassion and informal practices, and they pointed out which one fits each mindfulness facet better

Mismatches between objective parameters and measured perception assessment in room acoustics: a holistic approach

Psychoacoustic research in the field of concert halls has revealed that many aspects concerning listening perception have yet to be totally understood. On the one hand, the objective room acoustics of performance spaces are reflected in parameters, some standardized and some not, but these are related to a limited number of perceptual attributes of human response. In general, these objective parameters cannot accurately describe the acoustic details due to their inherent simplification. Under these premises, impulse responses (576 receivers) are measured in 16 concert halls, according to standard procedures, and the perception and satisfaction of the occupants of the rooms are evaluated by completing a questionnaire during live concerts. Correlation analyses and multidimensional scaling (MDS) techniques have been applied to spatial and multi-band averaged values of the acoustic parameters studied (18), and the average values of users responses (1284) to the questionnaire items (26). As a first result, correlations between objective parameters and users responses show that transversality exists between them. Secondly, hierarchical clustering produces the classification of survey questions in 7 hierarchical classes. On the other hand, a lack of tuning between objective parameters and perceptual responses is observed on applying MDS analysis to the ordination of the venues from a subjective assessment and a subjectiveobjective assessment. Finally, although the results show the mismatch between objective parameters and subjective responses, a model of subjective global evaluation of the acoustics of the room from data of three orthogonal acoustic parameters is implemented, revealing a reasonably good fit.The authors wish to express their gratitude to P. Bustamante for his help, to all those who participated as listeners in this study, and to management and staff of each hall for facilitating acoustic measurements and allowing distribution of the questionnaires in their theatres. This work has been financially supported by FEDER funds and by the Ministry of Science and Technology with references Nos. BIA2003-09306, BIA2008-05485, BIA 2010-20523, and BIA 2012-36896.Giménez Pérez, A.; Cibrián Ortíz De Anda, R.; Cerdá Jordá, S.; Girón, S.; Zamarreño García, T. (2014). Mismatches between objective parameters and measured perception assessment in room acoustics: a holistic approach. Building and Environment. 74:119-131. doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.12.022S1191317

Coordinación de asignaturas de Física en titulaciones de Grado y Master para Ingenierías y Arquitectura

En este trabajo de investigación docente realizamos una puesta en común y recopilación de materiales docentes relacionados con asignaturas de Física de titulaciones de Master y Grado orientadas a la ingeniería y la arquitectura impartidas en la Escuela Politécnica Superior de la Universidad de Alicante. Para ello se fomenta la comunicación e intercambio de experiencias entre los docentes de nuestro departamento que imparten estas asignaturas con la finalidad de optimizar los recursos humanos, técnicos y económicos disponibles. Todo el material recopilado se revisa previamente por cada docente y se publica en servidores conectados a una red interna del departamento lo que permite el acceso de todo el personal docente relacionado con estas asignaturas a dichos recursos docentes fomentando la colaboración, mejora y enriquecimiento profesional entre los miembros involucrados de nuestro departamento. De esta forma se mejora la calidad de las asignaturas sobre las que se realiza este trabajo repercutiendo positivamente entre el alumnado.Los autores desean agradecer el soporte y financiación de la Universidad de Alicante vía los proyectos GITE-09006-UA, GITE-09014-UA, y al ICE de la Universidad de Alicante a través de la convocatoria de Proyectos de Redes 2012-2013 y su soporte a la red 2875