A Study on Estimating Method of Market Structure and Consumers Behavior

The ever-increasing growth in the 20th century which continued for a long time in the second half failed, and the industrial society of Japan has entered the time when tomorrow is obtuse. In order that variances among companies have spread, the meaning in which even the same industry gets to know the tendency of the whole industry has faded. It was over at the time that consists as a corporation if you enforce a similar thing to peer companies. This means the necessity that each company has original tactics and strategics has increased. Therefore, companies have to do development of new products by knowing both consumer needs and choice behavior. For this reason, companies need to collect data widely from consumers and to analyze them scientifically and statistically. Moreover, it is also important to study the theoretical methodology of marketing. In this paper, five models are utilized to understand the market structure and consumer behavior. 1 . Conjoint Analysis 2. Entropy Model and Herniter Model 3 . Conjoint Analysis and Herniter Model 4. Huff Model 5 . Huff Model and Herniter Model The above five models would contribute to new product development, estimate of future market structures and consumers behavior. By such kinds of knowledge, manufactures or companies could have good opportunities to market new products. Finally, the results derived from this thesis are summarized and future studies are described

InfoStrom: Learning information infrastructures for crisis management in case of medium to large electrical power breakdowns

One of the most important infrastructures in modern industrialized societies is the electricity network. Due to its fundamental role for many aspects of our everyday life, power infrastructures manifest a strong dependence between power suppliers and customers. Customers take the infrastructure for granted; it appears mostly invisible to them as long as it works, but in the case of breakdowns in power supply customers become aware of the dependence on electricity. They join professional actors in the recovery and coping work with regard to the electricity breakdown: Maintenance workers of the power provider, police, firefighters, red cross, etc. These institutions are professionalized for dealing with such situations, but the people affected by a power outage also need to be considered as actors

National and subnational short-term forecasting of COVID-19 in Germany and Poland during early 2021

We compare forecasts of weekly case and death numbers for COVID-19 in Germany and Poland based on 15 different modelling approaches. These cover the period from January to April 2021 and address numbers of cases and deaths one and two weeks into the future, along with the respective uncertainties. We find that combining different forecasts into one forecast can enable better predictions. However, case numbers over longer periods were challenging to predict. Additional data sources, such as information about different versions of the SARS-CoV-2 virus present in the population, might improve forecasts in the future

Установление границ охранной зоны линейного сооружения – магистральный газопровод "НГПЗ - Парабель"

Составлено графическое описание местоположения границ зон с особыми условиями использования территорий границ охранной зоны линейного сооружения – магистральный газопровод "НГПЗ - Парабель".A graphic description of the location of the boundaries of the zones with special conditions for the use of the territories of the boundaries of the protection zone of the linear structure – "the NGPZ-Parabel" gas pipeline has been compiled

The role of mental imagery in depression : negative mental imagery induces strong implicit and explicit affect in depression

Mental imagery, seeing with the mind’s eyes, can induce stronger positive as well as negative affect compared to verbal processing. Given this emotion-amplifying effect, it appears likely that mental images play an important role in affective disorders. According to the subcomponents model of depression, depressed mood is maintained by both negative imagery (which amplifies negative mood) and less efficient positive imagery processes. Empirical research on the link between mental imagery and affect in clinical depression, however, is still sparse. This study aimed at testing the role of mental imagery in depression, using a modified version of the affect misattribution procedure (AMP) and the self-assessment manikin (SAM) to assess implicit (AMP) and explicit (SAM) affect elicited by mental images, pictures, and verbal processing in clinically depressed participants (n = 32) compared to healthy controls (n = 32). In individuals with a depressive disorder, compared to healthy controls, negative mental images induced stronger negative affect in the explicit as well as implicit measure. Negative mental imagery did not, however, elicit greater increases in explicitly and implicitly assessed negative affect compared to other processing modalities (verbal processing, pictures) in the depressed group. Additionally, a positive imagery deficit in depression was observed in the explicit measure. Interestingly, the two groups did not differ in implicitly assessed affect after positive imagery, indicating that depressed individuals might benefit from positive imagery on an implicit or automatic level. Overall, our findings suggest that mental imagery also plays an important role in depression and confirm the potential of novel treatment approaches for depression, such as the promotion of positive imagery

Mitigating Modality-Based Interference: Multitasking practice and the distinctiveness of task representation in sensory brain regions

Representational overlap is debated as the neural basis of multitasking costs. Cognitive theories propose that overlapping task representations lead to an unintended exchange of information between tasks (e.g., crosstalk). Recently, modality-based crosstalk was suggested as a source for multitasking costs in multisensory settings. Robust findings of increased costs for certain modality mappings, even when both tasks use non-overlapping stimulus and response modalities, may be explained by crosstalk between the stimulus modality in one task and sensory action consequences in the concurrently performed task. This study (N = 54) employs functional neuroimaging, multivariate pattern analysis, and modality-specific interventions to investigate neural overlap in multitasking, emphasizing modality compatibility. Noteworthy, differences in single-task representations were found in the auditory cortex but not in fronto-parietal regions. Improved auditory decoding accuracy in modality-incompatible tasks predicted dual-task performance gains, eliminating modality-specific costs, exclusively for the modality-incompatible intervention group. This study provides neural evidence for modality-based crosstalk in sensory regions