Modelo operacional de uma instituição de crédito especializado : o caso do BNP Paribas Factor

As empresas recorrem frequentemente ao financiamento no curto prazo para fazerem face a necessidades de financiamento, nomeadamente para o financiamento do capital circulante. A presente pesquisa apresenta toda a panóplia de financiamentos que o sector bancário coloca à disposição das empresas, nomeadamente PMEs. É dado especial destaque ao financiamento via factoring, bem como a todo o processo que decorre até à obtenção do financiamento, tendo subjacente o modus operandi da instituição financeira objecto de análise na pesquisa, o BNP Paribas Factor. O factoring ou a cessação financeira passa pela aquisição de créditos (não financeiros) de curto prazo resultantes da venda de produtos ou da prestação de serviços nos mercados interno e externo. Todas as empresas, pequenas e médias empresas (PME´s) ou grandes empresas, podem usufruir deste tipo de financiamento. No processo de gestão de tesouraria, o factoring representa um instrumento de financiamento bastante relevante e importante. Apresenta várias vantagens para os aderentes na resolução de problemas de tesouraria, a saber: (i) redução dos riscos em operações de exportação e internacionalização; e (ii) melhoria dos rácios de autonomia financeira através do factoring sem recurso. Assim, este trabalho aborda as várias tipologias de factoring, descreve o processo de concessão de crédito via factoring, estuda a importância do factoring na economia portuguesa, nomeadamente no apoio à tesouraria das PMEs e aponta os factores críticos de sucesso deste tipo de operações.Companies often resort to financing in the short term to cope with financing needs, particularly for the financing of working capital. This research presents the full range of financing the banking sector makes available to businesses, particularly SMEs. Is given particular focus on financing through factoring, and the whole process running until obtaining funding, complying with the modus operandi the financial institution examined in the research, BNP Paribas Factor. The factoring or financial cessation passes through the acquisition of (non-financial) claims resulting short-term sale of goods or the provision of services in domestic and foreign markets. All companies, can enjoy this type of financing. In the cash management process, factoring is a financing instrument very relevant and important. Presents several advantages for acceding in solving cash flow problems, namely: (i) risk reduction in export and international operations; and (ii) improving financial ratios autonomy through non-recourse factoring. Thus, this paper discusses the various types of factoring, describes the process of lending via factoring, studies the importance of factoring in the Portuguese economy, in particular to support the SME cash and points out the critical success factors of such operations

Clinical outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infected people with diabetes who developed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome in Brazil.

Objetivo: Comparar os desfechos clínicos de pessoas com e sem Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (DM 2), infectadas pelo SARS-CoV-2, que desenvolveram Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave (SRAG) no Brasil. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal realizado a partir de análise da ficha de notificação compulsória de Síndrome Respiratória Aguda Grave Hospitalizado, obtidas no DATASUS. Foram analisados homens e mulheres com e sem DM2, infectados pelo SARS-CoV-2 e notificados como SRAG no período de fevereiro de 2020 a maio de 2021. Foram identificados os desfechos: hospitalização, admissão em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) e óbito. Em seguida, a porcentagem de cada desfecho entre pessoas com DM2 foi comparada com a de pessoas não-diabéticas infectadas no mesmo período, utilizando o teste de Qui-Quadrado, com intervalo de confiança de 95%. Resultados: De um total de 384.805 pacientes, 111.046 eram diabéticos e 273.759 não diabéticos. Entre os diabéticos, 98.2% foram hospitalizados, 43.7% admitidos em UTI e 44.6% evoluíram a óbito. Enquanto entre os não-diabéticos, 97.3% necessitaram de hospitalização, 37.2% foram admitidos em UTI e 35.7% evoluíram a óbito. Após a análise com o teste de Qui-Quadrado, nos desfechos analisados foi encontrada uma diferença estatística significante (p<0.001) entre os grupos. Conclusão:  A presença de DM 2 esteve associada a um pior prognóstico da COVID-19, quando comparada a pessoas sem DM2 na população brasileira. Entretanto, são necessários mais estudos para estabelecer a causalidade e elucidar a fisiopatologia dessa associação.  Objective: Compare the clinical outcomes of people with and without Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM2), infected by SARS-CoV-2, who developed Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in Brazil. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study. The research was carried out by analyzing the compulsory notification form Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome of hospitalized patients, obtained from DATASUS. Type 2 diabetic and non-diabetic men and women infected with SARS-CoV-2 and notified as SARS in the period February 2020 to May 2021 were analyzed. The outcomes were identified as: hospitalization, Intensive Care Unit (ICU) admission, and death. The percentage of each outcome among diabetic patients was compared with that of the infected non-diabetic patients in the same period using the Chi-square test, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: From a total of 384,805 patients, 111,046 were diabetic and 273,759 non-diabetic. Among the diabetic patients, 98.2% were hospitalized, 43.7% were admitted to the ICU, and 44.6% died. While among non-diabetics, 97.3% required hospitalization, 37.2% were admitted to the ICU, and 35.7% died. After the analysis with the Chi-square test, a statistically significant difference was found between the groups (p<0.001). Conclusion: The presence of DM2 was associated with a worse prognosis for COVID-19 compared to people without DM2, in the Brazilian population. However, further studies are needed to establish causality and elucidate the pathophysiology of this association

What is the influence of hormone therapy on homocysteine and crp levels in postmenopausal women?

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of estrogen therapy and estrogen-progestin therapy on homocysteine and C-reactive protein levels in postmenopausal women. METHODS: In total, 99 postmenopausal women were included in this double-blind, randomized clinical trial and divided into three groups: Group A used estrogen therapy alone (2.0 mg of 17β-estradiol), Group B received estrogen-progestin therapy (2.0 mg of 17 β-estradiol +1.0 mg of norethisterone acetate) and Group C received a placebo (control). The length of treatment was six months. Serum measurements of homocysteine and C-reactive protein were carried out prior to the onset of treatment and following six months of therapy. RESULTS: After six months of treatment, there was a 20.7% reduction in homocysteine levels and a 100.5% increase in C-reactive protein levels in the group of women who used estrogen therapy. With respect to the estrogen-progestin group, there was a 12.2% decrease in homocysteine levels and a 93.5% increase in C-reactive protein levels. CONCLUSION: Our data suggested that hormone therapy (unopposed estrogen or estrogen associated with progestin) may have a positive influence on decreasing cardiovascular risk due to a significant reduction in homocysteine levels

Trigeminal Schwannomas

Trigeminal schwannomas (TS) are rare entities occurring in various trigeminal nerve locations and present a peak incidence between the fourth and fifth decades of life, being more common in women. Patients usually present with symptoms of trigeminal nerve dysfunction. Depending on the tumor’s topography, various approaches might be used to obtain its gross total resection. Trigeminal schwannoma’s classification, nuances of the approaches, pathology, postoperative care, and outcomes are revised as follows. In conclusion, anatomical knowledge and the disease’s comprehension are essential when dealing with such lesions, and despite their rarity, we must be obstinately committed to the surgical technique and devoted to the patient’s functional postoperative outcome

Hyperandrogenic chronic anovulation and psychologic disturbances

The authors have reviewed the main aspects of the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with respect to its etiopathogenic, clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic features, highlighting the psychological distresses that frequently arise in the syndrome. They also make considerations on the importance of an effective clinical treatment as well as on the approaches and psychological support, aiming to improve womens well-being and quality of life.Os autores fazem uma revisão da síndrome dos ovários policísticos (SOP) com relação aos seus aspectos etiopatogênicos, clínicos, diagnósticos e terapêuticos, dando ênfase aos transtornos de ordem psíquica que freqüentemente acompanham esse distúrbiio. Tecem considerações sobre a importância não só de um efetivo tratamento médico, mas também de uma abordagem e um apoio psicológico, no sentido de melhorar ainda mais o bem-estar e a qualidade de vida dessas mulheres

Soil organic matter fractions, chemical attributes and aggregation under forestry and agricultural systems

The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the conversion of forest systems to agricultural systems in the organic matter compartments, aggregation and soil chemical attributes, in the Atlantic Forest. The evaluated systems were: annual crop (ACr); perennial agriculture (PAg); pasture; and secondary forest early (SFES), medium (SFMS), and advanced stage (SFAS). Soil samples were collected at the layer of 0-5 cm depth and quantified the total organic carbon (TOC), C of humic substances, oxidizable C, granulometric fractions of soil organic matter (SOM), soil chemical attributes, soil aggregation and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP-total and GRSP-easily extractable) in different aggregate classes. It was observed a reduction of the TOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), humic substances and oxidizable C in the PAg and ACr areas comparing to pasture and forest systems. Moreover, the pH values increased whereas P content decreased in comparison with SFAS. As for aggregation, the PAg and the ACr decreased by around 35% and 20% the mean weight diameter of aggregates, respectively, compared to the average values found in the forestry systems, and 34% and 45%, respectively in relation to pasture. In general, GRSP-total were reduced by agriculture. Thus, it appears that the agriculture which has been practiced is altering negatively the soil chemical, physical and biological attributes.The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of the conversion of forest systems to agricultural systems in the organic matter compartments, aggregation and soil chemical attributes, in the Atlantic Forest. The evaluated systems were: annual crop (ACr); perennial agriculture (PAg); pasture; and secondary forest early (SFES), medium (SFMS), and advanced stage (SFAS). Soil samples were collected at the layer of 0-5 cm depth and quantified the total organic carbon (TOC), C of humic substances, oxidizable C, granulometric fractions of soil organic matter (SOM), soil chemical attributes, soil aggregation and glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP-total and GRSP-easily extractable) in different aggregate classes. It was observed a reduction of the TOC, particulate organic carbon (POC), humic substances and oxidizable C in the PAg and ACr areas comparing to pasture and forest systems. Moreover, the pH values increased whereas P content decreased in comparison with SFAS. As for aggregation, the PAg and the ACr decreased by around 35% and 20% the mean weight diameter of aggregates, respectively, compared to the average values found in the forestry systems, and 34% and 45%, respectively in relation to pasture. In general, GRSP-total were reduced by agriculture. Thus, it appears that the agriculture which has been practiced is altering negatively the soil chemical, physical and biological attributes

Theoretical Investigations of the Herbicide Glyphosate Adsorption on the B12N12 Nanocluster

Nowadays is emergent the development of new materials which can be used in the adsorption process to remove herbicide glyphosate from the aquatic environment. Therefore, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to study the adsorption process of the glyphosate on the B12N12 nanocage in aqueous media. The optimized structures of adsorbed glyphosate do not affect the nanocage structure indicating its structural stability. The chemisorption of this herbicide is an exothermic process with −43.89 kcal.mol-1. The most stable complex displayed an adsorption energy and ∆G values of −53.97 and −40.79 kcal.mol-1, respectively. The HOMO (highest occupied molecular orbital) and LUMO (lowest unoccupied molecular orbital) energies are located in the glyphosate implying that this herbicide can be removed by chemical reaction. Our results show that the B12N12 nanocluster can be a suitable new nanomaterial to remove the glyphosate from wastewater. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17807/orbital.v9i3.99

Estados hiperprolactinêmicos: inter-relações com o psiquismo

Hyperprolactinemia is the most frequent endocrine disorder of the hypothalamus-hypophysis axis observed in women of reproductive age. It is characterized by elevated serum prolactin levels. Prolactin production is regulated by the inhibitory action of a neurotransmitter, dopamine. Clinical manifestations include irregular menstrual cycle, amenorrhea, galactorrhea, infertility and libido decrease, but psychological symptoms, especially anxiety and depression, have also been associated with hyperprolactinemia. Nonetheless, few studies about this condition are available. In the pathogenesis of psychiatric disorders, prolactin may have either a direct action on the central nerve system or an indirect effect via gonadal hormones or function as independent factors as a result of dopamine depletion. Thus, since the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in patients with hyperprolactinemia was detected, it was concluded that further studies are necessary to investigate the basis of a potential relationship between both hyperprolactinemic and psychiatric conditions.A hiperprolactinemia é o distúrbio endócrino mais freqüente do eixo hipotálamo-hipofisário, observado em mulheres na idade reprodutiva. Caracteriza-se pela elevação consistente dos valores plasmáticos de prolactina. A regulação da produção da prolactina dá-se por meio da ação inibitória de um neurotransmissor, a dopamina. As manifestações clínicas são distúrbios do ciclo menstrual, amenorréia, galactorréia, infertilidade e diminuição da libido. Entretanto, sintomas psicológicos, especialmente ansiedade e depressão, têm sido associados à hiperprolactinemia. Contudo, há poucos estudos clínicos publicados sobre o tema. O papel da prolactina na patogênese dos distúrbios psiquiátricos pode refletir ação direta sobre o sistema nervoso central, efeito indireto por meio dos hormônios gonadais ou constituir fatores independentes, resultantes da depleção de dopamina. Assim, detectada a prevalência de distúrbios psiquiátricos em pacientes com hiperprolactinemia, conclui-se pela necessidade de maior número de pesquisas que investiguem as bases da possível inter-relação entre os estados hiperprolactinêmicos e o psiquismo

Small cell carcinoma of the bladder

Small cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder is an extremely aggressive and rare tumor. Even though small cell carcinoma most commonly arises from the lungs there are several reports of small cell carcinoma in extrapulmonary sites. Due to its low frequency there is no well-established management for this disease. We report the case of a 61 year-old man with small cell carcinoma of the bladder who underwent radical cystectomy following neoadjuvant chemotherapy. We also reviewed the literature for the optimal treatment strategy. Keywords: Urinary bladder neoplasms/drug therapy; Carcinoma, small cell/drug therapy; Cystectomy/methods; Case report

A atuação do coordenador pedagógico na promoção da interdisciplinaridade escolar

Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir a contribuição do coordenador pedagógico na promoção da interdisciplinaridade no fazer didático-pedagógico no ambiente escolar, buscando compreender como este processo ocorre e evidências de que há elementos na literatura que sinalizam para uma ruptura do trabalho disciplinar e a substituição pela prática interdisciplinar na relação de ensino e aprendizagem. A revisão bibliográfica e análise documental que nortearam o estudo indicam a importante presença da coordenação pedagógica na condução de ações quem têm colaborado com a substituição dos modelos tradicionais de plano de ensino por modelos que contemplam a interdisciplinaridade, utilizados pelos professores em sala de aula. Considera-se, assim, que a atuação dos coordenadores pedagógicos, em parceria com os docentes, é uma importante estratégia de superação da fragmentação do ensino