Gothic drawing and drawings in the gothic tradition in the iberian peninsula (13th–18th centuries)

The inventory and cataloguing of the architectural drawings in the Gothic tradition made In the Iberian Peninsula has brought together exceptional sources that were previously scattered, usually little-known and valued, and, in many cases, unpublished. These materials can now be analyzed from multiple points of view, notably as tools for planning and surveying; as invaluable documents for the study of the enterprises they represent or helped to develop; as sources for the study of master builders; and as data sets for the analysis of the typological models, vaulting solutions, and rib-vault designs used in Gothic architecture—and in architecture of Gothic tradition—built in the Iberian Peninsula throughout the Middle Ages and Early Modern period

Adjusting the Labor Supply to Mitigate Violent Shocks: Evidence from Rural Colombia

This paper studies the use of labor markets to mitigate the impact of violent shocks on households in rural areas in Colombia. It examines changes in the labor supply from on-farm to off-farm labor as a means of coping with the violent shock and the ensuing redistribution of time within households. It identifies the heterogeneous response by gender. Because the incidence of violent shocks is not exogenous, the analysis uses instrumental variables that capture several dimensions of the cost of exercising terror. As a response to the violent shocks, households decrease the time spent on on-farm work and increase their supply of labor to off-farm activities (non-agricultural ones). Men carry the bulk of the adjustment in the use of time inasmuch as they supply the most hours to off-farm non-agricultural work and formal labor markets. Labor markets do not fully absorb the additional labor supply. Women in particular are unable to find jobs in formal labor markets and men have increased time dedicated to leisure and household chores. Additional off-farm supply does not fully cover the decrease in consumption. The results suggest that in rural Colombia, labor markets are a limited alternative for coping with violent shocks. Thus, policies in conflict-affected countries should go beyond short-term relief and aim at preventing labor markets from collapsing and at supporting the recovery of agricultural production.Conflict, labor markets, developing economies, instrumental variables

Securitization, bank lending and credit quality: the case of Spain

While the 2007-2010 financial crisis has hit a variety of countries asymmetrically, the case of Spain is particularly illustrative: this country experienced a pronounced housing bubble partly funded via spectacular developments in its securitization markets leading to looser credit standards and subsequent financial stability problems. We analyze the sequential deterioration of credit in this country considering rating changes in individual securitized deals and on balance sheet bank conditions. Using a sample of 20,286 observations on securities and rating changes from 2000Q1 to 2010Q1 we build a model in which loan growth, on balancesheet credit quality and rating changes are estimated simultaneously. Our results suggest that loan growth significantly affects on balance-sheet loan performance with a lag of at least two years. Additionally, loan performance is found to lead rating changes with a lag of four quarters. Importantly, bank characteristics (in particular, observed solvency, cash flow generation and cost efficiency) also affect ratings considerably. Additionally, these other bank characteristics seem to have a higher weight in the rating changes of securities issued by savings banks as compared to those issued by commercial banks. JEL Classification: G21, G12financial instability, lending, risk, securitization

Five Factor Model of Personality and Structure of Psychopathological Symptoms in Adolescents

This study aims to explore the factorial structure of the most prevalent psychopathological symptoms in adolescence, and to explore the associations between the resulting psychopathological factors with both the Five-Factor Model of personality and the General Factor of Personality (GFP). A sample of 835 adolescents (M = 14.35, SD = 1.58; 49% girls) completed personality and psychopathology self-reports. The confirmatory factor analyses showed that a bifactor model of psychopathology, which included a general psychopathological factor (p factor) and specific factors (i.e., internalizing, externalizing, and hyperactivity and attention problems), better fitted the data than other competing models. The main associations found in the regression analyses were: neuroticism and introversion with the internalizing factor; low agreeableness with the externalizing factor; low conscientiousness with the hyperactivity and attention problems score; high neuroticism, low conscientiousness and low agreeableness with the p factor. Last, the GFP and p factor were substantially related, with β coefficients between 0.42 and 0.49 (p < .001). This study suggests that a bifactor model adequately depicts the psychopathology structure in adolescence. This structure was supported by differential associations of personality traits with each resulting factor

Compact low-cost filter for 5G interference reduction in UHF broadcasting band

The allocation of part of the UHF band to 4G and 5G services has generated the appearance of channel interferences over the digital terrestrial television frequency band. In order to reduce these interferences, this work presents a novel and efficient band-stop filter implemented using microstrip technology. The filter, designed with rectangular split-ring resonators etched in the ground plane, provides a cutoff frequency above channel 48 (694 MHz), a high roll-off rate of 44 dB in 56 MHz and a rejection bandwidth of 250 MHz that covers the upper UHF band occupied by 4G and 5G with rejection levels close to 35 dB. The filter is manufactured entirely over a printed circuit board without lumped elements to reduce production costs, fine tuning after the assembly stage and maintenance. Moreover, it presents a compact subwavelength size of only 0.07 λ × 0.17 λ to facilitate installation, whether at the input of the TV terminal or integrated with the balun at the rooftop antenna.This research was funded in part by the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades and in part by the European Regional Development Fund under Grant PGC2018-098350-B-C22

FloU-Net: An Optical Flow Network for Multi-modal Self-Supervised Image Registration

Image registration is an essential task in image processing, where the final objective is to geometrically align two or more images. In remote sensing, this process allows comparing, fusing or analyzing data, specially when multi-modal images are used. In addition, multi-modal image registration becomes fairly challenging when the images have a significant difference in scale and resolution, together with local small image deformations. For this purpose, this paper presents a novel optical flow-based image registration network, named the FloU-Net, which tries to further exploit inter-sensor synergies by means of deep learning. The proposed method is able to extract spatial information from resolution differences and through an U-Net backbone generate an optical flow field estimation to accurately register small local deformations of multi-modal images in a self-supervised fashion. For instance, the registration between Sentinel-2 (S2) and Sentinel-3 (S3) optical data is not trivial, as there are considerable spectral-spatial differences among their sensors. In this case, the higher spatial resolution of S2 result in S2 data being a convenient reference to spatially improve S3 products, as well as those of the forthcoming Fluorescence Explorer (FLEX) mission, since image registration is the initial requirement to obtain higher data processing level products. To validate our method, we compare the proposed FloU-Net with other state-of-the-art techniques using 21 coupled S2/S3 optical images from different locations of interest across Europe. The comparison is performed through different performance measures. Results show that proposed FloU-Net can outperform the compared methods. The code and dataset are available in https://github.com/ibanezfd/FloU-Net