Aktivitas Anti Rayap Minyak Atsiri Dari Kulit Jeruk Citrus Nobilis Var.microcarpa Terhadap Rayap Tanah Coptotermes Curvignathus Holmgren

Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is an urban pest which builds carton nests in dark places. This termite is difficult to control due to difficulties of direct spraying to entire colony. The new methods for control subterranean termites such as used the essentials oil is a prospective study. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of essential oil of orange peel Citrus nobilis var .microcarpa and to determine the optimal level of inhibiting termites C. curvignathus. Essential oil made from peel of C. nobilis orange which macerated with methanol for 24 hours. Essential oil obtained was dissolved on filter paper at a dose of 0.1 ml; 0.2 ml; 0.3 ml; and 0.4 ml. Then this filter paper used to biossay to determine the effectiveness of essential oil to inhibited subterranean termites C. curvignathus. This process was conducted in three days. The results showed that the highest activity which caused 100% mortality of termite was obtained at dose 0.4 ml. The greater dose of essential oils of orange peel resulted in the highest mortality of termites and vice versa resulted the lowest percentage of paper weight loss. The optimal dose in the use of essential oils of orange peel of C. nobilis to inhibited the termites C. curvignathus was 0.2 ml. Keyword: Anti-termitic activities, essential oil, Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren Keyword: Anti-termitic activities, essential oil, Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgre

An experimental study on the deformation behaviour and fracture mode of recycled aluminium alloy AA6061-reinforced alumina oxide undergoing high-velocity impact

The anisotropic behaviour and the damage evolution of recycled aluminium alloy-reinforced alumina oxide are investigated in this paper using Taylor impact test. The test is performed at various impact velocity ranging from 190 to 360 m/s by firing a cylindrical projectile towards anvil target. The deformation behaviour and the fracture modes are analysed using the digitized footprint of the deformed specimens. The damage initiation and the progression are observed around the impact surface and the surface 0.5 cm from the impact area using the scanning electron microscope. The deformed specimens showed several ductile fracture modes of mushrooming, tensile splitting and petalling. The critical impact velocity is defined below 280 m/s. The specimens showed a strong strain-rate dependency due to the damage evolution that is driven by severe localized plastic-strain deformation. The scanning electron microscope analysis showed the damage mechanism progress via voids initiation, growth and coalescence in the material. The micrograph within the footprint surface shows the presence of alumina oxide particles within the specimen. The microstructure analysis shows a significant refinement of the specimen particle at the surface located 0.5 cm above the impact area. ImageJ software is adopted in this work to measure the average size of voids within this surface. Non-symmetrical (ellipse-shaped) footprint around the footprints showed plastic anisotropic behaviour. The results in this paper provide a better understanding of the deformation behaviour of recycled materials subjected to dynamic loading. This information on mechanical response is crucial before any potential application can be established to substitute the primary sources

Diagnosing pediatric intussusception through bedside ultrasound by novice emergency department sonographers: a case report

Intussusception is a common cause of gastrointestinal emergency in the paediatric population and it is usually diagnosed through Barium enema radiography or ultrasound. The skill of using an ultrasound by a minimally trained medical officer in diagnosing this cases in the Emergency Department are very helpful and expedite the management. We present the case of a 7-month-old girl who presented to Emergency Department (ED) with the chief complaint of passing blood in stool. Clinically she was dehydrated, irritable and in compensated shock. There was generalised tenderness per abdomen but it was soft and not distended. There was no palpable mass and bowel sound normal. Immmediate fluid resuscitated commenced. Bedside abdominal ultrasound performed by ED medical officer showed a 1.8 cm x 2.5 cm mass of alternating hypo-echoic and hyper-echoic rings at the right lower quadrant, consistent with the ‘target’ sign of intussusception. Supine plain abdominal X-ray did not reveal any abnormality. The ultrasound finding of intussusception was later confirmed by the radiologist. She underwent immediate hydrostatic reduction and was discharged well

AKTIVITAS ANTI RAYAP MINYAK ATSIRI DARI KULIT JERUK Citrus nobilis var.microcarpa TERHADAP RAYAP TANAH Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren

Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren is an urban pest which builds carton nests in dark places. This termite is difficult to control due to difficulties of direct spraying to entire colony. The new methods for control subterranean termites such as used the essentials oil is a prospective study. This study aims to determine the bioactivity of essential oil of orange peel Citrus nobilis var .microcarpa and to determine the optimal level of inhibiting termites C. curvignathus. Essential oil made from peel of C. nobilis orange which macerated with methanol for 24 hours. Essential oil obtained was dissolved on filter paper at a dose of 0.1 ml; 0.2 ml; 0.3 ml; and 0.4 ml. Then this filter paper used to biossay to determine the effectiveness of essential oil to inhibited subterranean termites C. curvignathus. This process was conducted in three days. The results showed that the highest activity which caused 100% mortality of termite was obtained at dose 0.4 ml. The greater dose of essential oils of orange peel resulted in the highest mortality of termites and vice versa resulted the lowest percentage of paper weight loss. The optimal dose in the use of essential oils of orange peel of C. nobilis to inhibited the termites C. curvignathus was 0.2 ml. Keyword: Anti-termitic activities, essential oil, Citrus nobilis var. microcarpa, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgre

Doing less is better : challenges in complex polytrauma management - case report

Damage control resuscitation, characterized by hemostatic resuscitation with blood products, rapid arrest of bleeding and when possible, permissive hypotension with restricted fluid load form a structured approach in managing a polytrauma patient. When complicated with traumatic rhabdomyolysis however, permissive hypotension strategy may cause more harm resulting in subsequent ischaemicreperfusion injury and acute kidney injury. We present a case involving a 20-yearold man who was rolled over by a lorry and sustained an open unstable pelvic fracture with vascular injury and left lower limb ischaemia. Permissive hypotension strategy was pursued for 4 hours prior to bleeding control in OT. This was followed by protracted surgery of 6 hours. Coagulopathy, acute kidney injury and rhabdomyolysis ensued in the post-operative period and patient succumbed to his injury on Day 3 post-trauma. Challenges and pitfalls in managing a complex polytrauma patient and recent evidences on damage control resuscitation is discussed

Nutritional intervention and its impact on the height of children among the B40 group in Selangor

Introduction: A number of children suffer from malnutrition with visible stunting due various factors such as food insecurity and household income. The address of nutritional intervention promotes healthier outcomes especially engagement through population with greater risks, those with low income of B40 groups in Selangor being the most populous state, thus accelerating health policy makers in making differences in public health strategies. Nutritional status is a significant measure for the anthropometric development of the children population. Therefore, this study aims to measure the impact of nutritional intervention on the height of children aged 1 to 6 years old among the population. Methods: A cross-sectional study was done in Selangor State involving 500 children aged 1 to 6 years old randomly selected among the B40 group. A nutritional intervention that involved the supply of specialized formula milk totalling 2kg and 30 tablets of multivitamin with lysin were given for each month. Nutritional counseling was also given. Anthropometric measurements were taken using (barang) and were monitored using WHO AthroPlus software. The height is categorized into moderately stunted and severely stunted defined by WHO height-for age Z score. Descriptive data was analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25. Results: 500 total respondents participated in the 5-month course. There were equal numbers of gender 50% and the majority of the respondents were aged 3 years old. For all ages, the baseline height results showed 15.0% were moderately stunted and 3.3% were severely stunted. For each month, there was an increase in mean of height, where the highest in the second month follow up, increase in mean of 1.89m, followed by 0.63m, 0.53m and 0.48m increase in height on the third, fourth and fifth month respectively. The fifth month has the lowest percentage of moderately stunted children 5.0% compared to the first month with 15%. Discussion: Here, by giving nutrient supplementation, it helps to improve the height of these children. Initially, children may develop stunting not as easily as being underweight. Stunting is needed more attention compared to other undernutrition anthropometric; underweight and wasting as each varies in severity, speed and onset of its retardation. Conclusion: Access to nutrition security throughout the 5-months-programme improves the stunting problems, thus the growth and health outcomes in up to aged 5 children. Therefore, other efforts of environmental sanitation, primary health care and control infections for the children are also recommended

Digital mental health and covid-19: mental health literacy among general population in Selangor

Introduction: Mental health increased in prevalence during the COVID-19 pandemic, which caused changes in health-seeking behaviour among the general population. Having adequate knowledge helps to improve community attitudes on mental health. Thus, measuring mental health literacy is essential in developing policies, prevention strategies and formulating interventions. Therefore, this study aims to measure mental health literacy among the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic in Selangor. Methods: A validated Malay version of the self-administered Mental Health Literacy Scale (MHLS) was used in this cross-sectional study among all Selangor citizens through SELANGKAH Apps from 13th September 2021 until 7th March 2022. This app was initially used as a contact tracing during the pandemic. Later features of the mental health module (SEHAT) were added, consisting of screening questionnaires, literacy questionnaires, and psychoeducation videos. This app was promoted to all Selangor citizens and can be downloaded for free. Data was analysed using IBM SPSS version 26. Result: There are a total of 42072 SEHAT app users, while 1222 users completed the MHLS questionnaires. Most respondents were female (52.8%), Muslims (79.3%), had formal education up to secondary level (51.1%), had a monthly income below RM 5000 (90.5%), and age group of 21-40 years old (58.5%), and lived in the district of Petaling, Selangor (29.5%). The overall mean (sd) MHLS was low, which is 101.3 (17.03) and was significantly associated with all determinants (p<0.05). Those with higher mean MHLS include females, Muslims, aged 21-40 years old, university graduates, had a monthly income of RM 5001 to RM 10000 and living in the district of Petaling, which is an urban centre in Selangor. Discussion: This is one of the most extensive state-wide level studies during the pandemic. Higher mean MHLS among females could be due to more sensitive recognition and perception of symptoms in females than males. Access to mental health information is now at one 's fingertip with the luxury of the internet and devices. A surge in internet usage among Malaysians was seen during the pandemic, mainly during the Movement Control Order (MCO) period. Subsequently, those in the younger age group, with higher monthly income, and living in urban areas have greater access to the mental health information on media, hence having higher MHLS. Furthermore, the higher the formal education level, the higher the mental health literacy as more information is known via greater exposure in higher institutions. Conclusion: The mental health literacy scores were low among the general population in Selangor during the pandemic. Hence, more mental health advocacy and awareness programs should be carried out

Moral enhancement: do means matter morally?

One of the reasons why moral enhancement may be controversial, is because the advantages of moral enhancement may fall upon society rather than on those who are enhanced. If directed at individuals with certain counter-moral traits it may have direct societal benefits by lowering immoral behavior and increasing public safety, but it is not directly clear if this also benefits the individual in question. In this paper, we will discuss what we consider to be moral enhancement, how different means may be used to achieve it and whether the means we employ to reach moral enhancement matter morally. Are certain means to achieve moral enhancement wrong in themselves? Are certain means to achieve moral enhancement better than others, and if so, why? More specifically, we will investigate whether the difference between direct and indirect moral enhancement matters morally. Is it the case that indirect means are morally preferable to direct means of moral enhancement and can we indeed pinpoint relevant intrinsic, moral differences between both? We argue that the distinction between direct and indirect means is indeed morally relevant, but only insofar as it tracks an underlying distinction between active and passive interventions. Although passive interventions can be ethical provided specific safeguards are put in place, these interventions exhibit a greater potential to compromise autonomy and disrupt identity

Performance evaluation of novel fluorescent-based lateral immune flow assay (LIFA) for rapid detection and quantification of total anti-SARS-CoV-2 S-RBD binding antibodies in infected individuals.

The vast majority of the commercially available LFIA is used to detect SARS-CoV-2 antibodies qualitatively. Recently, a novel fluorescence-based LIFA test was developed for quantitative measurement of the total binding antibody units (BAU/mL) against the receptor-binding domain of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein (S-RBD). To evaluate the performance of the fluorescence LIFA Finecare 2019-nCoV S-RBD test along with its reader (Model No.: FS-113). Plasma from 150 RT-PCR confirmed-positive individuals and 100 pre-pandemic samples were tested by FinCare to access sensitivity and specificity. For qualitative and quantitative validation of the FinCar measurements, the BAU/mL results of FinCare were compared with results of two reference assays: the surrogate virus-neutralizing test (sVNT, GenScript, USA), and the VIDAS®3 automated assay (BioMérieux, France). Finecare showed 92% sensitivity and 100% specificity compared to PCR. Cohen's Kappa statistic denoted moderate and excellent agreement with sVNT and VIDAS®3, ranging from 0.557 (95% CI: 0.32-0.78) to 0.731 (95% CI: 0.51-0.95), respectively. A strong correlation was observed between Finecare/sVNT (r=0.7, p<0.0001) and Finecare/VIDAS®3 (r=0.8, p<0.0001). Finecare is a reliable assay and can be used as a surrogate to assess binding and neutralizing antibody response post-infection or vaccination, particularly in none or small laboratory settings

Grafting versus seed propagated apricot populations: two main gene pools in Tunisia evidenced by SSR markers and model-based Bayesian clustering

Apricot was introduced into the Mediterranean Basin from China and Asian mountains through the Middle-East and the Central Europe. Traditionally present in Tunisia, we were interested in accessing the origin of apricot species in the country, and in particular in the number and the location of its introductions. A set of 82 representative apricot accessions including 49 grafted cultivars and 33 seed propagated ‘Bargougs’ were genotyped using 24 microsatellite loci revealing a total of 135 alleles. The model-based Bayesian clustering analysis using both Structure and InStruct programs as well as the multivariate method revealed five distinct genetic clusters. The genetic differentiation among clusters showed that cluster 1, with only four cultivars, was the most differentiated from the four remaining genetic clusters, which constituted the largest part of the studied germplasm. According to their geographic origin, the five identified groups (north, centre, south, Gafsa oasis and other oases groups) enclosed a similar variation within group, with a low level of differentiation. Overall results highlighted the distinction of two apricot gene pools in Tunisia related to the different mode of propagation of the cultivars: grafted and seed propagated apricot, which enclosed a narrow genetic basis. Our findings support the assumption that grafting and seed propagated apricots shared the same origin