Halife, hilafet

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya Adı: Son Halife Abdülmecit Efendi. Not: Gazetenin "Kavram" köşesinde yayımlanmıştır

The Evaluatıon Of Tr83 Regıon In The Context Of Clean Energy

Enerjinin önemine binaen fosil yakıtların kıt kaynaklar olmaları ve sürdürülemez nitelikte olmaları, ekonomileri yeni alternatif arayışlara itmiştir. Bu arayışlar neticesinde önem kazanan yenilenebilir enerji kaynakları, fosil yakıtların aksine sürdürülebilir nitelik taşımakta ve temiz enerji kaynakları olarak değerlendirilmektedirler. Yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının yaşanabilir bir dünyada ekosistemlerle barışık olmaları ve yüksek miktarda karbon emisyonu salınımı ile fosil yakıtlara göre çevreyi daha az kirleten enerji kaynakları olmaları, bu kaynakları uluslararası kuruluşların enerji politikalarında en önemli unsur haline dönüştürmüştür. Fosil yakıtların kullanımı küresel kapsamda iklim değişikliklerine de neden olmaktadır. Toplumların geleceği için önem teşkil eden küresel ısınma probleminin oluşmasında yüksek karbon emisyonlarının dolayısıyla, fosil yakıtların payı oldukça fazladır. Çevresel etkilerin dışında fosil yakıtlar enerji kullanımında dışa bağımlı olmaya yol açmakta ve ekonomilerin hareket alanlarını kısıtlayabilmektedir. Rüzgar, güneş, hidrolik, biyokütle ve jeotermal gibi yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanılması ekonomileri enerji kullanımında dışa bağımsız hale getirebilmektedir. Çalışmada TR83 bölgesinde yer alan Çorum, Amasya, Samsun, Tokat gibi illerin yenilenebilir enerji potansiyelleri, kullanım düzeyleri ve bu yenilebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanım alanları ortaya koymaya çalışılacaktır. Bu bağlamda iller bazında karşılaştırmalı bir değerlendirme yapılmış, hangi enerji kaynaklarının kullanımının hangi iller için daha uygun olduğu, ilgili kuruluşlarca yatırım yapılabilir olduğu belirlenmeye çalışılmıştır.In regard to the importance of energy, economies are today in search of new other alternatives than fossil fuels since fossil fuels are rare and unsustainable resources. Unlike fossil fuels, renewable energy sources are considered sustainable and clean energy sources. Renewable energy sources have become the foremost energy policy instruments of international companies since these sources are ecosystem friendly in a livable world and give less carbon emission than fossil fuels. The use of fossil fuels also causes climate change globally. Due to high carbon emission, the share of fossil fuels is remarkably high in the issue of global warming that is important for the future of societies. Apart from environmental effects, fossil fuels lead to external dependence on energy use and may restrict the movement of economies. The use of renewable energy sources such as wind, solar, hydraulics, biomass and geothermal can make economies independent of energy use. In the present study, we aim to reveal the renewable energy potentials and levels and areas of usage of these energy sources of some cities such as Çorum, Amasya, Samsun and Tokat, which are located in TR83 Region. In this context, we will make a comparative assessment and try to determine which energy sources are more suitable for which cities and are investable for relevant institutions

The Dirichlet problem of a conformable advection-diffusion equation

The fractional advection-diffusion equations are obtained from a fractional power law for the matter flux. Diffusion processes in special types of porous media which has fractal geometry can be modelled accurately by using these equations. However, the existing nonlocal fractional derivatives seem complicated and also lose some basic properties satisfied by usual derivatives. For these reasons, local fractional calculus has recently been emerged to simplify the complexities of fractional models defined by nonlocal fractional operators. In this work, the conformable, a local, well-behaved and limit-based definition, is used to obtain a local generalized form of advection-diffusion equation. In addition, this study is devoted to give a local generalized description to the combination of diffusive flux governed by Fick’s law and the advection flux associated with the velocity field. As a result, the constitutive conformable advection-diffusion equation can be easily achieved. A Dirichlet problem for conformable advection-diffusion equation is derived by applying fractional Laplace transform with respect to time t and finite sin-Fourier transform with respect to spatial coordinate x. Two illustrative examples are presented to show the behaviours of this new local generalized model. The dependence of the solution on the fractional order of conformable derivative and the changing values of problem parameters are validated using graphics held by MATLcodes

Kendiliğinden nemlendirilmiş membran elektrot düzeneğinin polimer elektrolit membranlı yakıt hücreleri için geliştirilmesi

Bu çalışmadaki amacımız, kendiliğinden nemli silika (SiO2) bazlı perflorosülfonik asit (Nafion) nano-kompozit membran elektrot düzeneğini (MEA) kullanarak polimer elektrolit membran yakıt hücresinin (PEMFC) performansını incelemek ve test etmektir. PEM yakıt hücrelerinin geliştirilmesinde su yönetimi aşılması gereken teknolojik engellerden biridir. Membrandaki su içeriğinin devamlılığı için tepkiyen gaz, membranın iletkenliğini korumak ve tamamen kurumasını engellemek için geleneksel yöntemlerle yakıt hücresine girmeden önce nemlendirilir. Ancak, yakıt hücresi için kullanılan harici nemlendiriciler ve oksitleyici gazlar sistemi karmaşık hale getirmekte ve hücrenin enerji verimliliğini düşürmektedir. Bu sebeple kendiliğinden nemli veya düşük nemli MEA, PEMFC’nin pratik uygulamalarında su (H2O) kapasitesinin yönetimi için anahtar gereksinim olarak görülmektedir. Ek olarak, Nafion mebranlar yüksek sıcaklıklarda, proton iletkenliğini ve mekanik stabilitesini önemli ölçüde yitirmektedir. Eklenmesi planlanan yüksek su tutma kabiliyetli higroskopik inorganik mataryallerin (SiO2), yüksek sıcaklıklarda mebranın proton iletkenliğinde, mekanik ve termal özelliklerinin gelişiminde önemli rol oynayacağı düşünülmektedir

Control of thermal stresses in axissymmetric problems of fractional thermoelasticity for an infinite cylindrical domain

In this paper, we study a control problem of thermal stresses in an infinite cylindrical body. The temperature distribution is defined by the time-fractional heat conduction equation with the Caputo derivative of the order 0 < α ≤ 2. The problem is formulated for axisymmetric case. The sought-for heat source function is treated as a control of stress and displacement components. For this purpose, we find the control function which guarantees the distribution of the stress component in some section of a body and at some time at a prescribed level. Integral transform technique is applied to obtain the desired control function, stresses and displacement components. Numerical results are illustrated graphically

Microbial colonization of the external auditory canal and nose in hemodialysis patients

Alcelik, Aytekin/0000-0002-3156-1076; Hakyemez, Ismail/0000-0001-6133-9604; DURAN, ARIF/0000-0002-2119-9448WOS: 000307479600026PubMed: 22926372Aim The aim of our study is to determine the microbiology of the external auditory canal and nose in uremic patients on chronic dialysis. Methods All patients undergoing regular hemodialysis for at least 3 months were included in this study. The nasal and external auditory canal swabs were collected from 83 haemodialysed patients. Results From 83 patients (37 females, 46 males) nasal and external auditory canal cultures were obtained. Mean duration on dialysis was 41.75 +/- 45 months and mean age of patients was 61 13 years. Microflora in the nasal cavities (70/80, 87.5%) and external auditory canal (48/59, 81.3%) were similar in all culture positive patients (coagulase-negative staphylococci). Coexistence of coagulase-negative staphylococci and diphteroids was detected in 20 patients' (25.0%) nasal vestibule and in eight patients' (13.5%) external auditory canal. Conclusion Microflora in the nasal cavities and external auditory canal were similar in chronic renal patients. External auditory canal microflora was not associated with history of diabetes mellitus, hepatitis status and starting date of hemodialysis in our study

Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever among Health Care Workers, Turkey

We investigated 9 cases of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (1 fatal, 2 asymptomatic) among health care workers in Turkey. Needlestick injuries were reported for 4 workers. Eight received ribavirin. In addition to standard precautions, airborne infection isolation precautions are essential during aerosol-generating procedures. For postexposure prophylaxis and therapy, ribavirin should be given

Cutaneous ulcerations caused by Paecilomyces variotii in a renal transplant recipient

Skin infections caused by Paecilomyces species have been rarely described in patients with solid organ transplantation. Cutaneous manifestations are highly variable and include erythematous macules, nodules, pustules, and vesicular and necrotic lesions. The diagnosis of these infections is generally made by examination of a skin biopsy. Management of these fungal infections is difficult due to the immunocompromised state of the patients. Moreover, antifungal therapy and immunosuppressive drug interactions should be considered during treatment management. Herein, we reported a case of cellulitis caused by Paecilomyces variotii in a 56-year-old man who had undergone a kidney transplantation. Erythematous macular and nodular lesions on the left hand and left foot appeared first; within 2months the skin lesions became ulcerated, hemorrhagic, and progressively painful and the patient was admitted to our hospital. The diagnosis was made by skin biopsy and tissue culture. The skin lesions resolved by the sixth week of the treatment with voriconazole