Multiple-Quantum Spin Dynamics of Entanglement

Dynamics of entanglement is investigated on the basis of exactly solvable models of multiple-quantum (MQ) NMR spin dynamics. It is shown that the time evolution of MQ coherences of systems of coupled nuclear spins in solids is directly connected with dynamics of the quantum entanglement. We studied analytically dynamics of entangled states for two- and three-spin systems coupled by the dipole-dipole interaction. In this case dynamics of the quantum entanglement is uniquely determined by the time evolution of MQ coherences of the second order. The real part of the density matrix describing MQ dynamics in solids is responsible for MQ coherences of the zeroth order while its imaginary part is responsible for the second order. Thus, one can conclude that dynamics of the entanglement is connected with transitions from the real part of the density matrix to the imaginary one and vice versa. A pure state which generalizes the GHZ and W states is found. Different measures of the entanglement of this state are analyzed for three-partite systems.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Випадок успішного консервативного лікування шлункової нориці як одного з багатьох ускладнень виразкової хвороби дванадцятипалої кишки

The publication is based on the clinical examination of the patient M. during last six years. In 2010 46 years old patient was sent to the Center of acute pancreatitis with the diagnosis of severe acute pancreatitis. The patient was operated after 12 hours of the admission on the perforated duodenal ulcer with widespread peritonitis against the background of ulcerative stenosis of the duodenum. Suturing ulcers with superposition of anterior gastroenteroanastomosis was perfomed. Systematic treatment was not recieved. In February 2016, he entered the surgical department with a phlegmon of the anterior abdominal wall, the case of which was the penetrarion of ulcers of gastroenteroanastomosis into the anterior abdominal wall. By opening the phlegmon a gastric fistula was opened, which was closed against a background of intensive anti-inflammatory therapy and the use of large doses of pentacrasole.In April 2016 the operation of resection of the stomac and Roux gastroenteroanastomosis were perfomed. Later the patient suffered three episodes of bleeding, they were stoped conservatively.At the end of 2016 there were difficulties in swallowing food, stenosis in the oesophagus was diagnosed. It was treated in the thoracic department using bouginage and permeability was restored. Inspection in April 2017 – the patient has satisfactory condition, swallow­ing is free. At the FGD in the field of gastroenteroanastomosis recurrent u lcer was found.The patient was offered hospital treatment in the department of gastroenterology and the examination for Zollinger-Ellison syndrome.В публикации приведено клиническое наблюдение одного пациента М. в течение последних шести лет. В 2010 г. пациент М., 46 лет был направлен в центр острого панкреатита с предположительным диагнозом острый тяжелый панкреатит, а через 12 ч после поступлення прооперирован по поводу перфоративной язвы двенадцатиперстной кишки с распространенным перитонитом на фоне язвенного стеноза двенадцатиперстной кишки. Выполнено ушивание язвы с наложением впереди- ободочного гастроэнтероанастомоза. Систематического лечения не получал. В феврале 2016 г. поступил в хирургическое отделение с флегмоной передней брюшной стенки, причиной которой была пенетрация язвы гастроэнтероанастомоза в переднюю брюшную стенку. После вскрытия флегмоны открылся желудочный свищ, который закрылся на фоне интенсивной противовоспалительной терапии и применением больших доз пантапразола.В апреле месяце 2016 г. проведена резекция желудка и гастроэнтероанастомоз по Ру. В последующем перенес три эпизода кровотечений, которые купировали консервативно.В конце 2016 г. появились затруднения при глотании пищи, диагностирован стеноз нижней части пищевода, лечился в торакальном отделении посредством бужированиия, проходимость восстановлена. Повторно осмотрен в апреле 2017 г., состояние удовлетворительное, глотание свободное. На ФГДС в области гастроэнтероанастомоза рецидивная язва.Больному предложено стационарное лечение в отделении гастроэнтерологии и обследование на предмет синдрома Золлингера– Эллисона.У публікації наведено клінічне спостереження одного пацієнта М. протягом останніх шести років. У 2010 р. пацієнт М., 46 років був направлений в центр гострого панкреатиту з підозрою на гострий тяжкий панкреатит, а через 12 год після госпіталізації прооперований з приводу перфоративної виразки дванадцатипалої кишки з поширеним перитонітом на тлі ви­разкового стенозу дванадцатипалої кишки. Виконано ушивання виразки з накладанням попереду-ободового гастроентероанастомозу. Систематичного лікування не отримував. У лютому 2016 р. госпіталізований в хірургічне відділення з флегмоною передньої черевної стінки, причиною якої була пенетрація виразки гастроентероанастомозу в передню черевну стінку. Після розкриття флегмони відкрилася шлункова нориця, яка закрилася на тлі інтенсивної протизапальної терапії і приймання мак­симальних доз пантапразолу.У квітні 2016 р. виконано резекцію шлунка і гастроентероанастомоз за Ру. В подальшому було три епізоди кровотеч, які усували консервативно.У кінці 2016 р. з'явилися труднощі при ковтанні їжі, діагностовано стеноз нижньої третини стравоходу, пройшов курс лікування в торакальному відділенні за допомогою бужування, прохідність відновлена. Повторно оглянутий в квітні 2017 р., стан задовільний, ковтання вільне. На ФГДС у ділянці гастроентероанастомозу рецидивна виразка.Хворому запропоновано стаціонарне лікування у відділенні гастроентерології та обстеження з підозрою на синдром Золлінгера–Еллісона

NMR multiple quantum coherences in quasi-one-dimensional spin systems: Comparison with ideal spin-chain dynamics

The 19F spins in a crystal of fluorapatite have often been used to experimentally approximate a one-dimensional spin system. Under suitable multi-pulse control, the nuclear spin dynamics may be modeled to first approximation by a double-quantum one-dimensional Hamiltonian, which is analytically solvable for nearest-neighbor couplings. Here, we use solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance techniques to investigate the multiple quantum coherence dynamics of fluorapatite, with an emphasis on understanding the region of validity for such a simplified picture. Using experimental, numerical, and analytical methods, we explore the effects of long-range intra-chain couplings, cross-chain couplings, as well as couplings to a spin environment, all of which tend to damp the oscillations of the multiple quantum coherence signal at sufficiently long times. Our analysis characterizes the extent to which fluorapatite can faithfully simulate a one-dimensional quantum wire.Comment: 14 pages, 11 eps color figure

Entanglement in nuclear quadrupole resonance

Entangled quantum states are an important element of quantum information techniques. We determine the requirements for states of quadrupolar nuclei with spins >1/2 to be entangled. It was shown that entanglement is achieved at low temperature by applying a magnetic field to a quadrupolar nuclei possess quadrupole moments, which interacts with the electricfield gradient produced by the charge distribution in their surroundings.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figure

Identification of particles with Lorentz factor up to 10410^{4} with Transition Radiation Detectors based on micro-strip silicon detectors

This work is dedicated to the study of a technique for hadron identification in the TeV momentum range, based on the simultaneous measurement of the energies and of the emission angles of the Transition Radiation (TR) X-rays with respect to the radiating particles. A detector setup has been built and tested with particles in a wide range of Lorentz factors (from about $10^3$ to about $4 \times 10^4$ crossing different types of radiators. The measured double-differential (in energy and angle) spectra of the TR photons are in a reasonably good agreement with TR simulation predictions.Comment: 31 pages, 12 figures, paper published on Nuclear Instruments & Methods

The relevance of coagulation factor X protection of adenoviruses in human sera

Intravenous delivery of adenoviruses is the optimal route for many gene therapy applications. Once in the blood, coagulation factor X (FX) binds to the adenovirus capsid and protects the virion from natural antibody and classical complement-mediated neutralisation in mice. However, to date, no studies have examined the relevance of this FX/viral immune protective mechanism in human samples. In this study, we assessed the effects of blocking FX on adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) activity in the presence of human serum. FX prevented human IgM binding directly to the virus. In individual human sera samples (n=25), approximately half of those screened inhibited adenovirus transduction only when the Ad5–FX interaction was blocked, demonstrating that FX protected the virus from neutralising components in a large proportion of human sera. In contrast, the remainder of sera tested had no inhibitory effects on Ad5 transduction and FX armament was not required for effective gene transfer. In human sera in which FX had a protective role, Ad5 induced lower levels of complement activation in the presence of FX. We therefore demonstrate for the first time the importance of Ad–FX protection in human samples and highlight subject variability and species-specific differences as key considerations for adenoviral gene therapy

Effect of prior treatments on selinexor, bortezomib, and dexamethasone in previously treated multiple myeloma

Therapeutic regimens for previously treated multiple myeloma (MM) may not provide prolonged disease control and are often complicated by significant adverse events, including peripheral neuropathy. In patients with previously treated MM in the Phase 3 BOSTON study, once weekly selinexor, once weekly bortezomib, and 40 mg dexamethasone (XVd) demonstrated a significantly longer median progression-free survival (PFS), higher response rates, deeper responses, a trend to improved survival, and reduced incidence and severity of bortezomib-induced peripheral neuropathy when compared with standard twice weekly bortezomib and 80 mg dexamethasone (Vd). The pre-specified analyses described here evaluated the influence of the number of prior lines of therapy, prior treatment with lenalidomide, prior proteasome inhibitor (PI) therapy, prior immunomodulatory drug therapy, and prior autologous stem cell transplant (ASCT) on the efficacy and safety of XVd compared with Vd. In this 1:1 randomized study, enrolled patients were assigned to receive once weekly oral selinexor (100 mg) with once weekly subcutaneous bortezomib (1.3 mg/m2) and 40 mg per week dexamethasone (XVd) versus standard twice weekly bortezomib and 80 mg per week dexamethasone (Vd). XVd significantly improved PFS, overall response rate, time-to-next-treatment, and showed reduced all grade and grade ≥ 2 peripheral neuropathy compared with Vd regardless of prior treatments, but the benefits of XVd over Vd were more pronounced in patients treated earlier in their disease course who had either received only one prior therapy, had never been treated with a PI, or had prior ASCT. Treatment with XVd improved outcomes as compared to Vd regardless of prior therapies as well as manageable and generally reversible adverse events. XVd was associated with clinical benefit and reduced peripheral neuropathy compared to standard Vd in previously treated MM. These results suggest that the once weekly XVd regimen may be optimally administered to patients earlier in their course of disease, as their first bortezomib-containing regimen, and in those relapsing after ASCT. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03110562). Registered 12 April 2017. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03110562

Quantum Entanglement in Nitrosyl Iron Complexes

Recent magnetic susceptibility measurements for polycrystalline samples of binuclear nitrosyl iron complexes [Fe_2(C_3H_3N_2S)_2(NO)_4] (I) and [Fe_2(SC_3H_5N_2)_2(NO)_4] (II), suggest that quantum-mechanical entanglement of the spin degrees of freedom exists in these compounds. Entanglement E exists below the temperature T_E that we have estimated for complexes I and II to be 80-90 and 110-120 K, respectively. Using an expression of entanglement in terms of magnetic susceptibility for a Heisenberg dimer, we find the temperature dependence of the entanglement for complex II. Having arisen at the temperature T_E, the entanglement increases monotonically with decreasing temperature and reaches 90-95% in this complex at T=25 K, when the subordinate effects are still small.Comment: 8 page

Registration of the transition radiation with GaAs detector: Data/MC comparison

New developments of pixel detectors based on GaAs sensors offer effective registration of the transition radiation (TR) X-rays and perform simultaneous measurements of their energies and emission angles. This unique feature opens new possibilities for particle identification on the basis of maximum available information about generated TR photons. Results of studies of TR energy-Angular distributions using a 500 |j.m thick GaAs sensor attached to a Timepix3 chip are presented. Measurements, analysis techniques and a comparison with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are described and discussed