Investigation of the relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms among young patients with Multiple Sclerosis

For downloading the full-text of this article please click here.Background and Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, which aggravates the loss of self-esteem in patients and impairs their ability to cope with the disabilities. The present study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety among MS patients in Shiraz. Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was carried out on all young MS patients when the disease was not in an acute stage, aged 20-40 years old in Fars Province in 2009-10. 150 MS patients (90 males and 60 females) were selected through in-access sampling method from a pool of patients who received services from Charity Foundation for Special Diseases (CFSD). The data were collected using self-esteem questionnaire and researcher-made questionnaire of anxiety. Data were analyzed with SPSS V.16 using Regression and Correlation with α=0.05. Results: Our findings indicated that there was an inverse and significant relationship between self-esteem and anxiety in MS patients of both sexes, with self-esteem predicting 0.66 anxiety of the participants.Conclusion: According to our findings, holding sessions to provide insights into the importance of self-esteem would help MS patients and their families to deal with the disease problems more rationally, thus decreasing major part of their concerns. Keywords: Multiple Sclerosis (MS), Self-esteem, AnxietyFor downloading the full-text of this article please click here

Topical application of Cassia fistula L. fruit gel in management of cutaneous lesions of pemphigus vulgaris: A double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial

Objective: Cassia fistula L. fruit extract has been traditionally used in the treatment of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) lesions in Iran. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of C. fistula fruit gel on healing time of PV lesions in a clinical setting.Materials and Methods: This was a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial that was performed in dermatology ward at Saadi hospital, affiliated to Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran. Right- or left- sided lesions of PV patients on standard systemic treatment were randomized for treatment with either C. fistula fruit gel or placebo prescribed twice daily. The largest diameter of each lesion was measured at the baseline (day 0) and on days 10 and 20. Epithelialization Index (EI), as outcome measure was calculated and compared between the two groups.Results: The present study comprised 20 patients, with overall 82 cutaneous lesions including 41 lesions in the C. fistula fruit gel group and 41 lesions in the placebo group. The EI in the C. fistula fruit gel group was significantly higher than that of the placebo group both on day 10 (65±28vs 30±34; p=0.001) and at the end of the study (91±22 vs 69±49; p=0.003). Conclusion: Topical application of C. fistula fruit gel can be considered as an effective adjuvant therapy in treatment of PV

The role of the melatoninergic system in epilepsy and comorbid psychiatric disorders

Abstract There is emerging evidence of the beneficial role of the melatonin system in a wide range of psychiatric and neurologic disorders, including anxiety, depression, and epilepsy. Although melatoninergic drugs have chronobiotic and antioxidant properties that positively influence circadian rhythm desynchronization and neuroprotection in neurodegenerative disorders, studies examining the use of melatonin for epilepsy's comorbid psychiatric and neurological symptomatology are still limited. Preclinical and clinical findings on the beneficial effects of the melatonin system on anxiety, depression, and epilepsy suggest that melatoninergic compounds might be effective in treating comorbid behavioral complications in epilepsy beyond regulation of a disturbed sleep-wake cycle

Association of between mental health and spiritual health among students in Shiraz University

AbstractBackground and aim:  Spiritual health is one of the most important social – cultural factors that may predict mental health. The main purpose of this study was to assess association between mental health and spiritual health among students in Shiraz University.Materials and Method:  A descriptive-correlational design was used for the study.The study was conducted in 2012. A total number of 474 students (237 female and 237 male) were recruited in this study using a cluster sampling method. Data were collected using Goldberg’s Mental Health Questionnaire and Pulutzyn and Ellison spiritual health questionnaires. Data were analyzed by SPSS16 software and two categories of descriptive and inferential statistical methods correlation and regression and t- tests.Findings:  The results of the study indicated that there is a significant relationship between mental health and spiritual health scores in both sexes (P<001). Variable of spiritual health, can predict 70 percent mental health in female and male. T-test results showed that there is a difference between the means of spiritual health in boys and girls (p< 0/05).Discussion & Conclusion:  Changings in the educational system and paying attention to mental health and spiritual health to meet the needs of students may be necessary. There is a need for further applied research for testing interventions to promote mental health and spiritual health students.Key Words: Mental health, spiritual health, Students REFERENCES Alahbakhshian M Jafarpour - Alavi M, Parvizi S Haghani H (2010). A survey on relationship between spiritual wellbeing and quality of life in multiple sclerosis patients. Zahedan Journal of Research in Medical Science. 12(29-33). Bahrami E Hosseini Vajari K (2003)[ The Relationship Between Religious Coping and Spiritual Happiness with Mental Health in Women]. Master’s thesis,Theran university. (Persian). Boivin M J Kirby A L Underwood L K Silva H (1999). Spiritual Well- being Scale. Measures of Religiosity. Birmingham. Religious Education Press. Corrigan P Mccorkle B Schell B (2003). Religion and spirituality in the lives of people with serious mental illness. Commmmunity Mental Health Journal. 39(6) 487-499. Craven R Hirnle C. (2003). Fundamental of Nnursing:Human Health and Function. Philadelphia, Lippincott & Williams & Wilkins Company. Esmaeil Riahi M Aliverdi -Nia A Bani Asadi M R. (2009) The impact of religiosity and religious orientation on the mental health of the students of University of Mazandaran. Journal of Social Science. 5(2) 51-90. Fernsler J I Klemm P Miller M A (1999). Spiritual well-being and demands of illness in people with colorectal cancer. Cancer Nursing. 22(2) 134-140. Ghamari-Givi H (2008 (Spirituality, identity and mental health in life span. Journal of Psychology and Religion, 1(4) 43.71(Persian). Moreira-Almeida (2006). Religiousness and Mental Health: a review, Center for the Study of Religious and Spiritual Problems (NEPER), São Paulo (SP), Department of Psychiatry,Universidade de São Paulo (USP). Mueller P S Plevak D J RummansT A (2001). Religious involvement, spirituality, and medicine: Implication for clinical practice. Mayo Clinic Proceeding, 76, 1225-1235. 1393 راهب ،84 هرامش ،24 هرود / 58 ناراکمه و ییافو اضر رتکد Narimani M Aghamohammadian H Rajabi S (2007)[ A comparison between the mental health of mothers of exceptional children and mothers of normal children]. Journal of Fundamentals of Mental Health. 9(33&34) 15-24.(Persian). Nelson C J Rosenfeld B Breitbart W Galietta M (2002). Spiritual, religion, and depression in the terminally ill. Psychosomatics. 43(3) 213-220. Omidvari S (2008). Spiritual health; concepts and challenges. Quranic Interdisciplinary Studies Journal of Iranian Students Quranic Organization. 1(1) 6-17. Palahang H (1996) Epidemiological Assessment of Mental Disorders in Kashan. Master’s thesis. Iran’s Institute of Psychiatry.(Persian). Rahimian-Boogar A Asghar Nejad A (2008). [The Relationship between psychological hardiness and ego-resiliency with mental health in adolescent and adult survivors of Bam earthquake. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology.14(1) 62-70. Rajaei A. R. (2008). Religious Cognitive-Emotional Therapy(RCET). The 5th congress for psychotherapy. Beijingm China. SAED, A. & ROOSHAN, R. (2008). Spirituality and mental health. Journal of Psychology and Religion,2, 76-84. Salimi H Azad Marz-Abadi E Abedi Darza M (2010)[ Determining the mental health condition and its correlation with job burnout and life satisfaction in a military university personnel]. Journal of IRIAF Health Administration, 13(3) 10-17(Persian). Sanagoo A AliGhoodneh Z Asadi H (2008)[ The relationship between spiritual health and loneliness between the Persian and Turkmen youth]. Research Center of Gorgan University of Medical Sciences.(Persian). Shojaian R Zamani Monfared A (2002). The relation between use of prayers, mental health, and Job performance among technical workers of Tehran ammunition industries. Journal of Thought and Behavior. 8(30) 33-39.(Persian). Unterrainer K H Ladenhauf M L MoazediS et al (2010). Dimensions of religious/spiritual well- being and their relation to personality and psychological well-being. Personality and Individual Difference. 49(3) 192-197. Ya-Chu H Hui-Ying C Li-Yu C (2010). An exploration of the status of spiritual health among nursing students in Taiwan. Nurse Education Today. 30(5) 385-392

بررسی ارتباط عزت نفس با نگرانی در جوانان مبتلا به مولتيپل اسكلروزيس (MS)

Background and Objectives: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the central nervous system, which aggravates the loss of self-esteem in patients and impairs their ability to cope with the disabilities. The present study investigated the relationship between self-esteem and anxiety among MS patients in Shiraz.  Materials and Methods: A descriptive-analytical study was carried out on all young MS patients when the disease was not in an acute stage, aged 20-40 years old in Fars Province in 2009-10. 150 MS patients (90 males and 60 females) were selected through in-access sampling method from a pool of patients who received services from Charity Foundation for Special Diseases (CFSD). The data were collected using self-esteem questionnaire and researcher-made questionnaire of anxiety. Data were analyzed with SPSS V.16 using Regression and Correlation with α=0.05.  Results: Our findings indicated that there was an inverse and significant relationship between self-esteem and anxiety in MS patients of both sexes, with self-esteem predicting 0.66 anxiety of the participants. Conclusion: According to our findings, holding sessions to provide insights into the importance of self-esteem would help MS patients and their families to deal with the disease problems more rationally, thus decreasing major part of their concerns.سابقه و اهداف: بیماری مولتیپل اسکلروز (MS) نوعی بیماری علاج‌ناپذیر مغز است که شدیداً موجب نگرانی و کاهش عزت نفس مبتلایان می‌شود و آن‌ها را مجبور به سازگاری با ناتوانی‌های ناشی از بیماری می‌سازد. این مطالعه با هدف تعیین رابطه‌ی میان عزت نفس با نگرانی در جوانان بیمار مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروز در شهر شیراز انجام گرفته است.  مواد و روش­ ها: پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جامعه‌ی آماری مورد بررسی این پژوهش را تمامی جوان 20- 40 ساله‌ی مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروز استان فارس که تا پایان سال 1391 عضو انجمن بیماران MS فارس بودند، تشکیل داده‌اند. از بین بیماران تحت پوشش انجمن بیماری‌های خاص، 150 نفر (90 زن و 60 مرد)، بیمار مبتلا به ام. اس. با روش نمونه‌گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند. ابزار جمع‌آوری اطلاعات، پرسش‌نامه‌ی عزت نفس و پرسش‌نامه‌ی محقق‌ساخته‌ی نگرانی بود. داده‌ها پس از ورود به نرم افزار آماری SPSS  نسخه‌ی 16 و با استفاده از آزمون‌های آماری همبستگی و رگرسیون در سطح خطای 05/0 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفت. يافته­ ها: نتیجه‌ی تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها نشان داد، بین عزت و نگرانی در بیماران مبتلا به مولتیپل اسکلروز در دو جنس، رابطه‌ی معکوس معنی‌داری وجود دارد و عزت نفس می‌تواند 66% نگرانی را در این قشر پیش‌بینی کند. نتیجه­ گیري: با توجه به یافته‌‎های پژوهش برگزاری جلسه‌های آموزشی برای آگاهی دادن درباره‌ی اهمیت عزت نفس موجب می‌شود، بیماران و خانواده‌های آن‌ها به روش منطقی‌تری با مشکل‌های بیماری مولتیپل اسکلروز روبرو گردند و این مسئله می‌تواند نگرانی‌های آن‌ها را تا حدی کاهش دهد. واژگان کلیدي: بیماری مولتیپل اسکلروز، عزت نفس، نگران

Gray and White Matter Voxel-Based Morphometry of Alzheimer’s Disease With and Without Significant Cerebrovascular Pathologies

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia, and AD individuals often present significant cerebrovascular disease (CVD) symptomology. AD with significant levels of CVD is frequently labeled mixed dementia (or sometimes AD-CVD), and the differentiation of these two neuropathologies (AD, AD-CVD) from each other is challenging, especially at early stages. In this study, we compared the gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) volumes in AD (n = 83) and AD-CVD (n = 37) individuals compared with those of cognitively healthy controls (n = 85) using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) of their MRI scans. The control individuals, matched for age and sex with our two dementia groups, were taken from the ADNI. The VBM analysis showed widespread patterns of significantly lower GM and WM volume in both dementia groups compared to the control group ( P  < .05, family-wise error corrected). While comparing with AD-CVD, the AD group mainly demonstrated a trend of lower volumes in the GM of the left putamen and right hippocampus and WM of the right thalamus (uncorrected P  < .005 with cluster threshold, K  = 10). The AD-CVD group relative to AD tended to present lower GM and WM volumes, mainly in the cerebellar lobules and right brainstem regions, respectively (uncorrected P  < .005 with cluster threshold, K  = 10). Although finding a discriminatory feature in structural MRI data between AD and AD-CVD neuropathologies is challenging, these results provide preliminary evidence that demands further investigation in a larger sample size

Investigation of correlation between mothers’ marital satisfaction and depression among their adolescent in Shiraz

AbstractIntroduction:  Depression is the most prevalent malady of the century. About 20 per cent of adolescents between 13 and 19 experience at least a fit of depression before 18. The present study investigated the relationship between mothers’ marital satisfaction and depression among their adolescents in Shiraz, Iran.Materials and Methods:  A correlational study was carried out on 300 teenagers of 14-19 years old (160 females and 140 males) and their mothers in educational year of 2009-10, whom were randomly selected among a pool of students from Shiraz’s four Educational Districts. A depression questionnaire with 21 items and a questionnaire of marital satisfaction with 47 items helped in collection of data. Pearson’s correlation of coefficients, regression, and independent t-tests helped in data analysis.Findings:  The current study found depression among teenagers as 43.4 per cent and their mothers’ marital satisfaction as 19.2 per cent. We found an inverse significant relationship between marital satisfaction and adolescent depression in both genders (P&lt;0.00d1), with mothers’ marital satisfaction accounting for 0.52 per cent of depression among their teenagers. There was a difference between male and female teenagers in their depression scores (P&lt;0.05). There was also a negative significant relationship between teenagers’ depression and mother’s education and family economic status.Conclusion:  Our findings underscored the importance of educational programs intended to prevent depression among teenagers.Keywords: Marital Satisfaction, Depression, Adolescents REFERENCES Anderia A)2002 (College student and depression pilot initiative. National Mental Health Assocation. 24 (30): 4-5. Ahadi B (2002) Marital satisfaction of parents expressing emotions and emotional problems - child behavior. Journal of Psychology. 8 (1): 13-7. (Persian). Atkinson R (2001). Hilgard Psychology. Translated by Rafiee H, et al. Tehran, Arjmand, (Persian). Burns D (1989). Cognitive Therapy for Depression. Translated by Qaracheh Daghi M. Tehran: khatam, (Persian). Butler (2002) Depressive disorder. American Family Physician . 65 (7): 1393-1396. Bakhshi H, Asadpour M, khodadadi Zadeh A) 2007) [Sexual satisfaction in couples with depression. Journal of Qazvin University of Medical Sciences. 11 (2): 37-43. (Persian). Carily S, Pataki MD (2000) Mood disorders and suicide in children and adolescents. In: Comprehensive Textbook of Psychiatry. 6th ed. Philadelphia: Williams &amp; Wilkins. Elizabeth B. Weller MD, Ronald A, et al (2004) Mood disorders in prepubertal children and adolescents. In: Wiener D, editor. Textbook of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 3rd ed. USA: The American Psychiatric  Pulishing.   Goldberg DP, Williams P (1989). The User Guide to General Health Questionnaire. Windsor: Nelson Guilder M (2002) Psychology at Oxford. Translated by Rajabi, M. and others. Tehran, Andisheye rafie Havtvn C, Salkvvys C (2007) Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. Practical manual of mental disorders (translation: i. Ghasem-Zadeh). tehran, Publications arjmand. Jacqueline B (1998). Children healthy lillness and family influences. In: Pitts M, eitor. The psychology of   health. London: Rontledge. Jeremy D, Jewel Ph, Keven D, Stark Ph)2003) Comparing the family environments of adolescent with conduct or depression. Journal of Child and Family Studies. 12 (1): 77-89.     Kuroshnia M, Latifian M (2007). Study of the relationship of family communication patterns with anxiety and   depression in children. Journal of Family Research. 3 (10):587-600. (Persian). Lavar D (2002) Late life depression. Geriatrics.51 (2): 198-210.     Mazloomy SS Mirzaei A Mohammadi S (2009). [Study of depression prevalence in the patients with types diabetes reffering to Yazd diabetes researches center in 2008] The Journal of Toloo-e-Behdasht. 7 (1-2) 30-   6. (Persian).   Mohammadi D Ghorabi B) (2007) [Behavioral disorders associated with emotional intelligence in students]. Journal of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. 14 (4): 289-299. (Persian). Pinarulu I, Fisiloghlu H (2002). The relationship between Turkish children’s perceptions of marital onflict and   their internalizing and externalizing problems. International Journal of Psychology. 37 (6) 369-378.   1393 راهب ،84 هرامش ،24 هرود / 24 ناراکمه و بیغتسد ارهز Rice F Harold G Shelton K Thapar A (2006) Family conflict interacts with genetic liability in predicting   childhood and adolescence depression. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. 45 (7) 841-848. Rostami M,Yonesi j Sajadi H,Sedghi N (2013). 6th International Congress on Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. (Persian).     Sayadi Anari AR. (2002). [Ageing issues in Iran and the world].1rst Edition,Tehran, Publications Ashena.   (Persian). Saroukhani M . (2006). Introduction to Sociology of the Family. Seventh Edition,Tehran: Soroush Publications. (Persian).     Soltanifar, A. Mehdinia. (2007) [ Prevalence of depressive symptoms in children 9 to 11 years old Tehran and its relationship with the family]. Journal of Mental Health. 9 (39-40) 7-14. (Persian). Taheri S, Nawabi C.[ Study of women 50-18 years old attitudes towards women’s issues in Zanjan]. A summary of a number of research projects and dissertations, Research Zanjan University of Medical Sciences. 2001   - 2002; 114. (Persian). Warner V, Wejssman MM. (1999) Grand parents, parents, and grand children, at high risk for pression. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiaty38 (3) 289-96.   Wang L, Crane R. (2001) The relationship between marital Satisfaction, Marital stability, nuclear family triangulation, and childhood depression. The American Journal of Family Therapy. 29 (4) 337-347.   Weller EB, Weller RA, Rowan AB, Wratch S. (2002) Depressive Disorders in children. In: Lewis M, editor. Child and Adolescent Psychiatry: Acomprehensive Textbook. 3rd ed. Philadelphia, Williarns &amp; Wilkins.   Zimmer KP, Minkovitz CS. (2003) Maternal depression: an old problem that merits increased recognition by child health care practitioners. Current Opinion in Pediatrics.15 (6) 636-40.     Zahir Aldini AR, Hosseini M, Semnani Y (2004)[ Prevalence of depression and its related factors in high school students of Firouzkouh]. Pejouhandeh. 9 (1) 61-64. (Persian).

EPS8 variant causes deafness, autosomal recessive 102 (DFNB102) and literature review

Abstract Pathogenic variants in the EPS8 gene result in nonsyndromic hearing loss. This gene encodes the EPS8 protein in cochlear inner hair cells and performs critical roles in stimulating actin polymerization and bundling. Thus far, only four pathogenic variations in EPS8 have been described. In this study, we report the fifth pathogenic variant in the EPS8 gene in an Iranian patient with DFNB102. Furthermore, we review literature cases with EPS8 mutations

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, a New Hope for Treatment of Post-Concussion Syndrome: A Randomized Double-Blind Study

Here we report the results of a randomized, placebo controlled, double-blind study on eighteen patients where we investigated the effect of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (rTMS) on patients with post-concussion syndrome (PCS)