New records of freshwater Algae and Cyanobacteria from mountain streams of Córdoba (Argentina)

Constant collection surveys of freshwater Algae and Cyanobacteria in central Argentinastreams have revealed new identities. This study reports for the first time six species for Córdoba Province and five for Argentina. Biodiversity description of the streams of central Argentina is crucial for the development of conservation activities. In this study the record of new species for this region and for Argentina highlights the relevance of further research to help improving knowledge of the diversity andecology in this hydrographic system.Fil: Daga, Ines Claudia. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica; ArgentinaFil: Soteras, María Florencia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; ArgentinaFil: Daniele, Graciela María. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales. Departamento de Diversidad Biológica y Ecológica; ArgentinaFil: Dominguez, Laura Susana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal; Argentin

Depleción tisular de azaperona y su metabolito azaperol tras administración oral de azaperona en cerdo

Azaperone is a butyrophenone tranquilizer for swine. Food producing pigs are particularly sensitive to stress during handling and transport to the abattoir. In vivo, azaperone is partially metabolised to azaperol, a metabolite with pharmacological activity. The high and persistent concentrations of azaperone and azaperol in the injection site contra-indicates the use of azaperone using the intramuscular route for the transport of the food producing animals, pigs, to the slaughterhouse; the oral use could be an alternative to avoid residues at the injection site. The present study determined the tissue depletion of azaperone and its metabolite azaperol after oral administration of the formulation Stresnil®. Male pigs (30-45 kg of body weight) were treated with Stresnil® (single oral dose of 4 mg azaperone/kg body weight) and were sacrificed 6, 24 and 48 hours after the administration. Muscle, skin + fat, liver and kidney were collected from each animal. Azaperone and azaperol were assayed by HPLC after solid phase extraction. The concentrations of the azaperone plus azaperol in all analysed tissues did not exceed to the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) established by the European Union (100 μg/kg in muscle, liver, kidney and skin plus fat) at any sampling time. As a consequence, from the results obtained in the present study, edible tissues of pigs treated orally with 4 mg/kg azaperone, 6 hours before to the sacrifice, might be acceptable to guarantee safety for the consumers. Nevertheless a withdrawal time of cero hours was estimated by linear regression analysis.Azaperona es un tranquilizante de tipo butirofenona usado en ganado porcino. Los cerdos son particularmente sensibles al estrés durante el manejo y transporte al matadero. La azaperona es parcialmente metabolizada in vivo a azaperol, un metabolito con actividad farmacológica. Las concentraciones altas y persistentes de azaperona y azaperol en el lugar de inyección contraindican el uso de azaperona por vía intramuscular para el transporte de cerdos de producción de carne al matadero; el uso oral podría ser una alternativa para evitar residuos en el lugar de inyección. El presente estudio determinó la depleción en los tejidos de azaperona y su metabolito azaperol después de la administración oral de la formulación Stresnil®. Cerdos machos (30-45 kg de peso corporal) fueron tratados con Stresnil® (dosis oral única de 4 mg azaperona/kg de peso corporal) y se sacrificaron 6, 24 y 48 horas después de la administración. De cada animal se obtuvo músculo, piel + grasa, hígado y riñón. Azaperona y azaperol se analizaron por HPLC tras la extracción en fase sólida. Las concentraciones de azaperona más azaperol en todos los tejidos analizados no superaron el Límite Máximo de Residuos (LMR) establecidos por la Unión Europea (100 mg / kg en el músculo, el hígado, los riñones y la piel + grasa) en ningún momento del muestreo. Como consecuencia, según los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio, los tejidos comestibles de los cerdos tratados por vía oral con 4 mg/kg de azaperona, 6 horas antes al sacrificio, podrían ser aceptables para garantizar la seguridad de los consumidores. Sin embargo, se estimó un tiempo de espera de cero horas por análisis de regresión lineal.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Residue depletion of ivermectin in broiler poultry

Helminth infections are widespread in the poultry industry. There is evidence of extra-label use of some drugs, such as ivermectin (IVM), in broiler poultry. Pharmacokinetic and residual studies of IVM in poultry, however, are rather scarce. Our aim was to determine time restrictions for broiler chickens fed with balanced feed mixed with IVM for 21 days, and thus achieve acceptable residual levels for consumption as established by the European Union. Sixty 1-day-old chicks were fed with food supplemented with IVM at 5 mg kg–1 feed for 21 days. Groups of six treated animals were sacrificed at 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 10, 15, 20 and 28 days after treatment. Liver, skin/fat, kidney and muscle samples were obtained. IVM were determined by liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection after automatic solid-phase extraction with SPE C18 cartridges. The highest concentrations were measured in the liver, which is logical given that IVM is a drug that undergoes extensive hepatic metabolism. The optimal withdrawal time for edible tissues of these animals to stay within the permitted residual levels were: 12 days for liver, 8 days for skin/fat, 0 days for muscle and 10 days for kidney.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Doxycycline residues in edible tissues of pigs

Doxycycline (DOX) is a variant of the tetracycline antimicrobial with similar properties, but with a longer action period. It is widely used in swine production. The presence of residues of antibiotics in food products of animal origin has a special toxicological interest due to their potential effects on human health. Our aim was to evaluate the withdrawal time (WT) of DOX formulation (25%) in edible tissues of swine, after PO administration. Eighteen healthy young pigs (30-35 days old) were used. DOX was administered with drinking water during 5 days at 10 mg kg-1. Two animals, as the control group, were not treated. Four animals per group were sacrificed by exsanguination 24 hours until 11 days post-treatment. Muscle, liver, kidney and skin/fat samples were obtained. DOX was determined by HPLC with UV detection. For muscle tissue, a WT of 4.3 days was determined. In other tissues, DOX concentrations were measured until 7-11 days post-administration. The WT was 7.2, 4.9 and 4.5 days for liver, kidney and skin/fat, respectively. After administration of DOX at 10 mg kg-1 for 5 days through medicated drinking water, a WT of 8 days must be set for safe consumption of medicated animals.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Diagnóstico de los estilos de aprendizaje de alumnos de la especialidad en ciencias naturales como pilar básico para el desarrollo de intervenciones didácticas

Es imposible pensar que el desarrollo de habilidades de pensamiento científico puedan realizarse sin un contexto problematizado que lo contenga, por ello en este trabajo se propone una intervención educativa entre docentes investigadores de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales de la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, docentes y alumnos de 5º año del establecimiento educativo IPEM 360 con especialización en ciencias naturales y habitantes de un asentamiento urbano marginal; para propiciar prácticas que impulsen la dimensión comunitaria de las personas como parte de su proyecto personal. El diseño general de las prácticas que aquí se proponen, entre otras variables, se basa en los estilos de aprendizaje de los alumnos, haciendo más potente la selección del material e intervención didáctica, agudizando la mirada del docente sobre las mejores formas de poner a disposición los materiales de trabajo para nuestros alumnos.Fil: Daniele, María Laura. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Daniele, María Laura. IPEM 360. Defensa y Cacheuta; Argentina.Fil: Bordón, Daniela. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Masullo, Marina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Arellano, Julia. IPEM 360. Defensa y Cacheuta; Argentina.Fil: García Loyola, Verónica. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Formica, Stella Maris. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Otras Ciencias Química

Perfiles residuales de ivermectina en pollos parrilleros

Los estudios de residuos son de fundamental importancia en salud pública. La seguridad del consumidor se basa en una serie de medidas que incluyen límites máximos de residuos (LMR) e ingestas diarias aceptables como las más importantes. No hay establecido un LMR para tejidos comestibles de pollo, pero la Unión Europea fijó para IVM en tejidos comestibles de mamíferos los siguientes LMRs:100 ng/g en hígado y en grasa, y 30 ng/g en riñón. El objetivo del presente estudio fue determinar períodos de restricción para que pollos parrilleros alimentados con alimento balanceado mezclado con premix a base de IVM durante 21 días, y que estén en los niveles de residualidad aceptables para su consumo según lo establecido por la Unión Europea.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

Depleción tisular de azaperona y su metabolito azaperol tras administración oral de azaperona en cerdo

Azaperone is a butyrophenone tranquilizer for swine. Food producing pigs are particularly sensitive to stress during handling and transport to the abattoir. In vivo, azaperone is partially metabolised to azaperol, a metabolite with pharmacological activity. The high and persistent concentrations of azaperone and azaperol in the injection site contra-indicates the use of azaperone using the intramuscular route for the transport of the food producing animals, pigs, to the slaughterhouse; the oral use could be an alternative to avoid residues at the injection site. The present study determined the tissue depletion of azaperone and its metabolite azaperol after oral administration of the formulation Stresnil®. Male pigs (30-45 kg of body weight) were treated with Stresnil® (single oral dose of 4 mg azaperone/kg body weight) and were sacrificed 6, 24 and 48 hours after the administration. Muscle, skin + fat, liver and kidney were collected from each animal. Azaperone and azaperol were assayed by HPLC after solid phase extraction. The concentrations of the azaperone plus azaperol in all analysed tissues did not exceed to the Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) established by the European Union (100 μg/kg in muscle, liver, kidney and skin plus fat) at any sampling time. As a consequence, from the results obtained in the present study, edible tissues of pigs treated orally with 4 mg/kg azaperone, 6 hours before to the sacrifice, might be acceptable to guarantee safety for the consumers. Nevertheless a withdrawal time of cero hours was estimated by linear regression analysis.Azaperona es un tranquilizante de tipo butirofenona usado en ganado porcino. Los cerdos son particularmente sensibles al estrés durante el manejo y transporte al matadero. La azaperona es parcialmente metabolizada in vivo a azaperol, un metabolito con actividad farmacológica. Las concentraciones altas y persistentes de azaperona y azaperol en el lugar de inyección contraindican el uso de azaperona por vía intramuscular para el transporte de cerdos de producción de carne al matadero; el uso oral podría ser una alternativa para evitar residuos en el lugar de inyección. El presente estudio determinó la depleción en los tejidos de azaperona y su metabolito azaperol después de la administración oral de la formulación Stresnil®. Cerdos machos (30-45 kg de peso corporal) fueron tratados con Stresnil® (dosis oral única de 4 mg azaperona/kg de peso corporal) y se sacrificaron 6, 24 y 48 horas después de la administración. De cada animal se obtuvo músculo, piel + grasa, hígado y riñón. Azaperona y azaperol se analizaron por HPLC tras la extracción en fase sólida. Las concentraciones de azaperona más azaperol en todos los tejidos analizados no superaron el Límite Máximo de Residuos (LMR) establecidos por la Unión Europea (100 mg / kg en el músculo, el hígado, los riñones y la piel + grasa) en ningún momento del muestreo. Como consecuencia, según los resultados obtenidos en el presente estudio, los tejidos comestibles de los cerdos tratados por vía oral con 4 mg/kg de azaperona, 6 horas antes al sacrificio, podrían ser aceptables para garantizar la seguridad de los consumidores. Sin embargo, se estimó un tiempo de espera de cero horas por análisis de regresión lineal.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

The depletion of doxycycline residues in poultry tissues

Doxycycline (DOX), tetracycline of second generation, is active against Gram+ and Gram- bacteria, aerobic and anaerobic. Although there are few pharmacokinetic studies in chickens, it is frequently used for colibacillosis treatment, salmonellosis, staphylococcal infections, avian mycoplasmosis and chlamydia. Our objective was to evaluate the withdrawal time (WT) of DOX formulation at 25% in edible tissues, after PO use in 40 healthy broilers (30-35 days of age). DOX was administered through medicated drinking water for 5 days at 10 mg kg-1 (N = 36). Four untreated animals were reserved as controls. Six animals per group were sacrificed by exsanguination, after 24 h until 9 d post treatment when control animals were sacrificed as well. Muscle, liver, kidney and skin/fat samples were obtained. DOX was determined by HPLC with UV detection. DOX concentrations were determined in all tissues examined; generally falling below the MRL at 7 d after administration is terminated. The calculated WTs were 6.58, 8.18, 8.69 and 6.96 d for muscle, liver, kidney and skin/ fat, respectively. After DOX administration at a rate of 10 mg kg-1 for 5 days through the drinking water, the WT must be 9 d before treated chickens can be consumed.Facultad de Ciencias Veterinaria

COVID-19 and stem cell transplantation; results from an EBMT and GETH multicenter prospective survey

© The Author(s) 2021.This study reports on 382 COVID-19 patients having undergone allogeneic (n = 236) or autologous (n = 146) hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) reported to the European Society for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT) or to the Spanish Group of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (GETH). The median age was 54.1 years (1.0–80.3) for allogeneic, and 60.6 years (7.7–81.6) for autologous HCT patients. The median time from HCT to COVID-19 was 15.8 months (0.2–292.7) in allogeneic and 24.6 months (−0.9 to 350.3) in autologous recipients. 83.5% developed lower respiratory tract disease and 22.5% were admitted to an ICU. Overall survival at 6 weeks from diagnosis was 77.9% and 72.1% in allogeneic and autologous recipients, respectively. Children had a survival of 93.4%. In multivariate analysis, older age (p = 0.02), need for ICU (p < 0.0001) and moderate/high immunodeficiency index (p = 0.04) increased the risk while better performance status (p = 0.001) decreased the risk for mortality. Other factors such as underlying diagnosis, time from HCT, GVHD, or ongoing immunosuppression did not significantly impact overall survival. We conclude that HCT patients are at high risk of developing LRTD, require admission to ICU, and have increased mortality in COVID-19.JA acknowledges the support of the UK NIHR Imperial College Biomedical Research Centre

Polymorphisms within the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 Loci influence the risk of developing invasive aspergillosis: A two-stage case control study in the context of the aspBIOmics consortium

Here, we assessed whether 36 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 loci influence the risk of developing invasive aspergillosis (IA). We conducted a two-stage case control study including 911 high-risk patients diagnosed with hematological malignancies that were ascertained through the aspBIOmics consortium. The meta-analysis of the discovery and replication populations revealed that carriers of the TNFSF4rs7526628T/T genotype had a significantly increased risk of developing IA (p = 0.00022). We also found that carriers of the TNFSF4rs7526628T allele showed decreased serum levels of TNFSF14 protein (p = 0.0027), and that their macrophages had a decreased fungicidal activity (p = 0.048). In addition, we observed that each copy of the MAPKAPK2rs12137965G allele increased the risk of IA by 60% (p = 0.0017), whereas each copy of the MAPKAPK2rs17013271T allele was estimated to decrease the risk of developing the disease (p = 0.0029). Mechanistically, we found that carriers of the risk MAPKAPK2rs12137965G allele showed increased numbers of CD38+IgM-IgD- plasmablasts in blood (p = 0.00086), whereas those harboring two copies of the allele had decreased serum concentrations of thymic stromal lymphopoietin (p = 0.00097). Finally, we also found that carriers of the protective MAPKAPK2rs17013271T allele had decreased numbers of CD27-IgM-IgD- B cells (p = 0.00087) and significantly lower numbers of CD14+ and CD14+CD16- cells (p = 0.00018 and 0.00023). Altogether, these results suggest a role of the TNFSF4 and MAPKAPK2 genes in determining IA risk.This study was supported by grants PI20/01845, PI12/02688, and ISCIII-FEDER PI17/02276 from Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (Madrid, Spain), PIM2010EPA-00756 from the ERA-NET PathoGenoMics (0315900A), the Collaborative Research Center/Transregio 124 FungiNet, the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia (FCT) (PTDC/SAU-SER/29635/2017, PTDC/MED-GEN/28778/2017, CEECIND/03628/2017, and CEECIND/04058/2018), the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 847507, and the "la Caixa" Foundation (ID 100010434) and FCT under the agreement LCF/PR/HP17/52190003)