A beszéd fonetikai komponenseinek számítógépes vizsgálata

Először a beszéd modelljéről: a hangok a hallás jellemzőiről és a beszédkeltésről érzékelésről adok egy rövid áttekintést. Ezt követi a jelfeldolgozás alapjairól szóló fejezet, ahol megismerkedhetünk a mintavételezéssel, a fonetikában használt néhány diagrammal, a Fourier és koszinusz transzformációkkal és e transzformációk során használt ablakokkal. Ezek a fejezetek megalapozzák a szegmentációról szóló részeket, ahol elıször a nyelvészeti majd a számítógépes támogatásról lesz szó. Miután a szükséges elméleti hátteret kifejtettem röviden foglalkozom az elkészült alkalmazással is. Néhány lényegesebb kódot a függelékben mellékelek, de az egész program terjedelmi okokból túl lépi a dolgozat kereteit.B

Effect of chronic T-2 toxin exposure in rabbit bucks, determination of the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL)

T-2 toxin (T-2) was administered to adult Pannon White (n = 10/group) male rabbits for 65 days, first in a suspension by gavage (0.05, 0.1 or 0.2 mg/animal/day), and secondly mixed into the feed (0.33 and 0.66 mg/kg feed). In the first experiment 0.1 mg T-2 exposure resulted in temporary decrease in feed intake, slower increase in the gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) induced testosterone synthesis, slight centrolobular infiltration in the liver and a slight hyperplasia of the Leydig cells. In addition to the temporary feed refusal effect, 0.2 mg T-2 caused a temporary decrease in plasma albumin and urea concentrations, lesser glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity in the seminal plasma, a greater (by 320%) ratio of spermatozoa with cytoplasmic droplets, slower increase in the GnRH-induced testosterone synthesis, centrolobular infiltration in the liver, slightly hyperaemic testes and increased proliferative activity of the Leydig cells. The two smaller doses applied in feed (0.33 and 0.66 mg/kg) did not cause any significant adverse effect, and no feed refusal was observed. According to these results the No Observed Adverse Effect Level (NOAEL) of T-2 for adult rabbit males was found to be <0.1 mg/animal/day (<0.02 mg/kg b.w./day)

A Chemocentric Approach to the Identification of Cancer Targets

A novel chemocentric approach to identifying cancer-relevant targets is introduced. Starting with a large chemical collection, the strategy uses the list of small molecule hits arising from a differential cytotoxicity screening on tumor HCT116 and normal MRC-5 cell lines to identify proteins associated with cancer emerging from a differential virtual target profiling of the most selective compounds detected in both cell lines. It is shown that this smart combination of differential in vitro and in silico screenings (DIVISS) is capable of detecting a list of proteins that are already well accepted cancer drug targets, while complementing it with additional proteins that, targeted selectively or in combination with others, could lead to synergistic benefits for cancer therapeutics. The complete list of 115 proteins identified as being hit uniquely by compounds showing selective antiproliferative effects for tumor cell lines is provided

Preliminary Results on the Effect of Chronic T-2 Toxin Exposure in Rabbit Bucks

The aim of the present study was to examine the chronic effect of T-2 toxin on feed consumption and sperm quality. Pannon White (n=10/group) male rabbits (weight: 4050-4500 g, age: 9 month) trained to ejaculate into artificial vagina were exposed to 0 (control), 0.05, 0.1 or 0.2 mg/animal/day of T-2 toxin by gavage for 63 days. On the 63rd day of the experiment semen was collected with an artificial vagina, and the following traits were evaluated: pH, concentration, morphology, motility with CASA, concentration of seminal plasma components such as citric acid, zinc and fructose. At the end of the experiment animals were necropsied and the testes were subjected to histopathological examination. T-2 toxin in 0.1 mg and 0.2 daily dose significantly decreased feed intake in the first two weeks but no significant difference between groups were observed from the 4th week. Among the sperm quality traits examined only the ratio of spermatozoa with cytoplasmic droplets increased by 320% in animals treated with the highest dose of T-2. The 0.1 mg/animal/day toxin exposure resulted in a slight hyperplasia of the Leydig cells, while the highest dose (0.2 mg/animal/ day) caused hyperaemia, increased proliferative activity and hyperplasia of the Leydig cells. According to the preliminary results it seems, that adult male rabbits may tolerate the concentration of 0.05 mg/animal/day T-2 toxin

A chemocentric approach to the identification of cancer targets

A novel chemocentric approach to identifying cancer-relevant targets is introduced. Starting with a large chemical collection, the strategy uses the list of small molecule hits arising from a differential cytotoxicity screening on tumor HCT116 and normal MRC-5 cell lines to identify proteins associated with cancer emerging from a differential virtual target profiling of the most selective compounds detected in both cell lines. It is shown that this smart combination of differential in vitro and in silico screenings (DIVISS) is capable of detecting a list of proteins that are already well accepted cancer drug targets, while complementing it with additional proteins that, targeted selectively or in combination with others, could lead to synergistic benefits for cancer therapeutics. The complete list of 115 proteins identified as being hit uniquely by compounds showing selective antiproliferative effects for tumor cell lines is providedThis work was supported by a grant from the European Comission (CancerGrid, FP-6 LCHC-CT-2006-037559), http://ec.europa.eu/research/fp6/index_en.cf

Distribution of oncogene probabilities for the proteins predicted uniquely for compounds selective to HCT116 (black) and MRC-5 (light grey) and the proteins found in both selective sets (dark grey).

<p>NA collects all proteins for which oncogene probabilities were not available from CGPrio <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035582#pone.0035582-Furney1" target="_blank">[34]</a>.</p

Profiles of experimental affinity data of the 20 drugs, among 4,819, hitting more than 5 targets found solely in tumor selective compounds.

<p>Only affinities above 1 µM are considered. Color coding reflects pAffinity ranges: white 6–7; light grey 7–8; dark grey 8–9; black >9. Color codes for targets refer to HDACs (yellow), kinases (orange), and other (green).</p

List of 42 proteins with OncoScore >0.7 among the 115 proteins identified by the DIVISS approach.

<p>The OncoScore is the oncogene probability calculated from CGPrio <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035582#pone.0035582-Furney1" target="_blank">[34]</a>.The arrows next to the gene name mark the set of 10 proteins from this list that are known to be significantly altered (corrected p-value <0.05) in terms of up- or down-regulation in colon cancer, as extracted from the IntOGen platform <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0035582#pone.0035582-Gundem1" target="_blank">[33]</a>.</p

Schematic flowchart of the DIVISS approach applied in this work leading to the identification of 115 proteins of potential relevance to cancer.

<p>Schematic flowchart of the DIVISS approach applied in this work leading to the identification of 115 proteins of potential relevance to cancer.</p