37,123 research outputs found
Comment on ``Consistency, amplitudes and probabilities in quantum theory'' by A. Caticha
A carefully written paper by A. Caticha [Phys. Rev. A57, 1572 (1998)] applies
consistency arguments to derive the quantum mechanical rules for compounding
probability amplitudes in much the same way as earlier work by the present
author [J. Math. Phys. 29, 398 (1988) and Int. J. Theor. Phys. 27, 543 (1998)].
These works are examined together to find the minimal assumptions needed to
obtain the most general results
Multiple Molecular H2 Outflows in AFGL 618
We report high spatial (0.5 arcsec) and high spectral (9 km/s) resolution
spectro-imaging of the 2.12 micron H2 1-0 S(1) line in the proto-planetary
nebula AFGL 618 using BEAR at the CFHT. The observations reveal the presence of
multiple, high-velocity, molecular outflows that align with the remarkable
optical jets seen in HST images. The structure and kinematics of the outflows
show how jets interact with circumstellar gas and shape the environment in
which planetary nebulae form.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures. To appear in The Astrophysical Journal Letter
Anomalous aging phenomena caused by drift velocities
We demonstrate via several examples that a uniform drift velocity gives rise
to anomalous aging, characterized by a specific form for the two-time
correlation functions, in a variety of statistical-mechanical systems far from
equilibrium. Our first example concerns the oscillatory phase observed recently
in a model of competitive learning. Further examples, where the proposed theory
is exact, include the voter model and the Ohta-Jasnow-Kawasaki theory for
domain growth in any dimension, and a theory for the smoothing of sandpile
surfaces.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Europhysics Letter
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HLA-B27 Positivity: associated health implications
HLA-B27 positivity makes the onset of autoimmune diseases such as uveitis, ankylosing spondylitis and Crohn's disease more likely to occur. Ankylosing spondylitis and Crohn's disease are two types of HLA-B27 positive diseases that demonstrate a direct association with uveitis. Although the possession of HLA-B27 positivity is not mandatory for autoimmune diseases such as uveitis to occur, HLA-B27 positivity not only makes it more likely but may modify the clinical picture in which a patient presents. In relation to assessment and diagnosis it is imperative that the medical history of patients is thoroughly examined to ensure pathological sequelae are appropriately treated. Nurses play an important role in assessing patients that have uveitis and should suspect ankylosing spondylitis or Crohn's disease may be present
Neutral atomic carbon in the globules of the Helix
We report detection of the 609u line of neutral atomic carbon in globules of
the Helix nebula. The measurements were made towards the position of peak CO
emission. At the same position, we obtained high-quality CO(2-1) and 13CO(2-1)
spectra and a 135" x 135" map in CO(2-1). The velocity distribution of CI shows
six narrow (1 -> 2 km/sec) components which are associated with individual
globules traced in CO. The CI column densities are 0.5 -> 1.2 x 10^16/cm^2. CI
is found to be a factor of ~6 more abundant than CO. Our estimate for the mass
of the neutral envelope is an order of magnitude larger than previous
estimates. The large abundance of CI in the Helix can be understood as a result
of the gradual photoionisation of the molecular envelope by the central star's
radiation field.Comment: 5 pages, Latex, AAS macros, 3 EPS figures, to appear in Astrophysical
Journal Letter
Cosmic X-ray physics
The soft X-ray sky survey data are combined with the results from the UXT sounding rocket payload. Very strong constraints can then be placed on models of the origin of the soft diffuse background. Additional observational constraints force more complicated and realistic models. Significant progress was made in the extraction of more detailed spectral information from the UXT data set. Work was begun on a second generation proportional counter response model. The first flight of the sounding rocket will have a collimator to study the diffuse background
Cosmic X-ray physics
The analysis of the beryllium-filtered data from Flight 17.020 was completed. The data base provided by the Wisconsin diffuse X-ray sky survey is being analyzed by correlating the B and C band emission with individual velocity components of neutral hydrogen. Work on a solid state detector to be used in high resolution spectroscopy of diffuse or extend X-ray sources is continuing. A series of 21 cm observations was completed. A paper on the effects of process parameter variation on the reflectivity of sputter-deposited tungsten-carvon multilayers was published
Molecular Carbon Chains and Rings in TMC-1
We present mapping results in several rotational transitions of HC3N, C6H,
both cyclic and linear C3H2 and C3H, towards the cyanopolyyne peak of the
filamentary dense cloud TMC-1 using the IRAM 30m and MPIfR 100m telescopes. The
spatial distribution of the cumulene carbon chain propadienylidene H2C3
(hereafter l-C3H2) is found to deviate significantly from the distributions of
the cyclic isomer c-C3H2, HC3N, and C6H which in turn look very similar. The
cyclic over linear abundance ratio of C3H2 increases by a factor of 3 across
the filament, with a value of 28 at the cyanopolyyne peak. This abundance ratio
is an order of magnitude larger than the range (3 to 5) we observed in the
diffuse interstellar medium. The cyclic over linear abundance ratio of C3H also
varies by ~2.5 in TMC-1, reaching a maximum value (13) close to the
cyanopolyyne peak. These behaviors might be related to competitive processes
between ion-neutral and neutral-neutral reactions for cyclic and linear
species.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal, part I. 24
pages, including 4 tables, 7 figures, and figure caption
A second-order class-D audio amplifier
Class-D audio amplifiers are particularly efficient, and this efficiency has led to their ubiquity in a wide range of modern electronic appliances. Their output takes the form of a high-frequency square wave whose duty cycle (ratio of on-time to off-time) is modulated at low frequency according to the audio signal. A mathematical model is developed here for a second-order class-D amplifier design (i.e., containing one second-order integrator) with negative feedback. We derive exact expressions for the dominant distortion terms, corresponding to a general audio input signal, and confirm these predictions with simulations. We also show how the observed phenomenon of “pulse skipping” arises from an instability of the analytical solution upon which the distortion calculations are based, and we provide predictions of the circumstances under which pulse skipping will take place, based on a stability analysis. These predictions are confirmed by simulations
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