Development of Functional Cheeses with Fructooligosaccharides

Cheese is a food of great consumption in the world; however, some aspects related to its fat content and the possibility of incorporating fiber represent interesting challenges for the dairy industry. In this sense, fructooligosaccharides (FOS), as inulin and agave fructans, exhibit valuable nutritional and functional attributes that can be used as supplements as soluble fiber or as macronutrient substitutes. In this chapter, the study of the development of soft and cream cheeses was performed to determine the operating conditions that allow obtaining products with beneficial health properties taking advantage of the characteristics of this carbohydrate. The skim milk was produced by ultrafiltration, and all the products were characterized physicochemically, including determinations of color, texture, and sensory analysis. The cheeses obtained were of high moisture, >45% (w/w), and reduced fat content (10–25% w/w), including a high protein concentration. The presence of fructans did not significantly modify the texture and appearance of the developed products, but its retention in the matrix was maximal in the case of spreadable cream cheeses containing inulin. Considering the health benefits of fructans and their abundance, this development could represent an innovation for dairy industry

Sermon funebre historico en las exequias de ... Doña Getrudis [sic] Anglesola, religiosa cisterciense de S. Benito ... [Texto impreso]

En preliminares consta, 1727Sign. : *4, A-E4, F3Port. orladaLetras iniciales decoradas y viñetas xil.Apostillas marginales y reclamosLa h. de grab. xil. : "Diego Castells fezit 1729" retrato de Gertrudis Anglesol

Incorporación de inulina en el desarrollo de un queso untable

Con el fin de evaluar el desarrollo de quesos untables reducidos en grasa, se elaboraron quesos crema, a partir de leche cruda a la que se le midió pH, temperatura y composición por ultrasonido antes de cada elaboración. Se incorporó inulina, como fuente de fibra alimentaria, en el proceso de elaboración de los quesos para aportar características particulares a un alimento de alto valor nutricional y elevado consumo. A todas las muestras se les agregaron los siguientes compuestos por litro de leche: fermento (Sacco M032-0,042g), cuajo (Chr Hansen, Chy Max M200-0,5 ml) y CaCl2 (78% de pureza, 0,13 g). Se reservó una muestra control sin inulina, y al resto se incorporó el polisacárido en diferentes porcentajes. Se empleó inulina de cadena corta GR en concentraciones de 3 y 5% (p/p) y de cadena larga HP al 3% (p/v). La cantidad de inulina agregada se definió teniendo en cuenta las condiciones que pone el Código Alimentario Argentino (CAA), Cap.17 para alimentos adicionados con fibras y su cuantificación se realizó por HPLC con detector de índice de refracción. Al finalizar el proceso, se determinó la composición de las muestras de queso elaboradas. Se realizó un análisis sensorial con el panel entrenado del Laboratorio de Análisis Sensorial de INTI Lácteos, empleando la técnica de análisis por consenso y los parámetros evaluados fueron el olor, el gusto y la textura. Además se determinó textura instrumental utilizando un texturómetro TATX2 a través de un ensayo de compresión. La cantidad de inulina encontrada en las muestras a las que se les agregó inulina GR, presentaron una retención de casi el 100%, permitiendo la obtención de un queso adicionado con fibras de acuerdo al CAA. Sin embargo, en las muestras con inulina HP, no se encontró presencia del polisacárido en la matriz. Esto puede deberse a la baja solubilidad de este tipo de inulina. Respecto al análisis sensorial se observó que las muestras con inulina retenida, no presentaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas respecto a la muestra control en los parámetros dulce, ácido, salado, amargo. En cuanto a los parámetros de textura, se encontraron diferencias en la cremosidad, pero no fueron determinantes para la preferencia del producto. Obtener un alimento con contenido graso reducido y características generales similares a un producto con grasa es un gran desafío tecnológico. Los resultados de este trabajo mostraron que la presencia de inulina en quesos reducidos en grasa sugiere una similitud aceptable en relación con la estructura y a las características generales del queso crema tradicional. El papel de la inulina en la matriz del queso es significativo, teniendo en cuenta que se consideran fibras solubles de origen natural y abundante, clasificadas como prebióticos. Por lo tanto, se convierten en una alternativa valiosa para obtener quesos con características funcionales.Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Criotecnología de Alimento

In vitro development of bioimplants made up of elastomeric scaffolds with peptide gel filling seeded with human subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells

[EN] Myocardial tissue lacks the ability to regenerate itself significantly following a myocardial infarction. Thus, new strategies that could compensate this lack are of high interest. Cardiac tissue engineering (CTE) strategies are a relatively new approach that aims to compensate the tissue loss using combination of biomaterials, cells and bioactive molecules. The goal of the present study was to evaluate cell survival and growth, seeding capacity and cellular phenotype maintenance of subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells in a new synthetic biomaterial scaffold platform. Specifically, here we tested the effect of the RAD16-I peptide gel in microporous poly(ethyl acrylate) polymers using two-dimensional PEA films as controls. Results showed optimal cell adhesion efficiency and growth in the polymers coated with the self-assembling peptide RAD16-I. Importantly, subATDPCs seeded into microporous PEA scaffolds coated with RAD16-I maintained its phenotype and were able to migrate outwards the bioactive patch, hopefully toward the infarcted area once implanted. These data suggest that this bioimplant (scaffold/RAD16-I/cells) can be suitable for further in vivo implantation with the aim to improve the function of affected tissue after myocardial infarction. (c) 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 3419-3430, 2015.Contract grant sponsor: European Union Seventh Framework Programme; contract grant number: 229239Castells-Sala, C.; Martínez Ramos, C.; Vallés Lluch, A.; Monleón Pradas, M.; Semino, C. (2015). In vitro development of bioimplants made up of elastomeric scaffolds with peptide gel filling seeded with human subcutaneous adipose tissue-derived progenitor cells. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A. 103(11):3419-3430. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.35482S3419343010311Persidis, A. (1999). 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J., & Menasché, P. (2005). Cell-Based Cardiac Repair. Circulation, 112(20), 3174-3183. doi:10.1161/circulationaha.105.546218Wang, F., & Guan, J. (2010). Cellular cardiomyoplasty and cardiac tissue engineering for myocardial therapy☆. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 62(7-8), 784-797. doi:10.1016/j.addr.2010.03.001Patel, A. N., & Genovese, J. A. (2007). Stem cell therapy for the treatment of heart failure. Current Opinion in Cardiology, 22(5), 464-470. doi:10.1097/hco.0b013e3282c3cb2aPendyala, L., Goodchild, T., Gadesam, R., Chen, J., Robinson, K., Chronos, N., & Hou, D. (2008). Cellular Cardiomyoplasty and Cardiac Regeneration. Current Cardiology Reviews, 4(2), 72-80. doi:10.2174/157340308784245748Li, Z., Guo, X., & Guan, J. (2012). A Thermosensitive Hydrogel Capable of Releasing bFGF for Enhanced Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cell into Cardiomyocyte-like Cells under Ischemic Conditions. Biomacromolecules, 13(6), 1956-1964. doi:10.1021/bm300574jHuang, C.-C., Wei, H.-J., Yeh, Y.-C., Wang, J.-J., Lin, W.-W., Lee, T.-Y., … Sung, H.-W. (2012). Injectable PLGA porous beads cellularized by hAFSCs for cellular cardiomyoplasty. Biomaterials, 33(16), 4069-4077. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.02.024Liu, Z., Wang, H., Wang, Y., Lin, Q., Yao, A., Cao, F., … Wang, C. (2012). The influence of chitosan hydrogel on stem cell engraftment, survival and homing in the ischemic myocardial microenvironment. Biomaterials, 33(11), 3093-3106. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.12.044Kadner, K., Dobner, S., Franz, T., Bezuidenhout, D., Sirry, M. S., Zilla, P., & Davies, N. H. (2012). The beneficial effects of deferred delivery on the efficiency of hydrogel therapy post myocardial infarction. Biomaterials, 33(7), 2060-2066. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.11.031Naderi, H., Matin, M. M., & Bahrami, A. R. (2011). 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American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology, 293(5), C1539-C1550. doi:10.1152/ajpcell.00089.2007Rigol, M., Solanes, N., Farré, J., Roura, S., Roqué, M., Berruezo, A., … Heras, M. (2010). Effects of Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cell Therapy After Myocardial Infarction: Impact of the Route of Administration. Journal of Cardiac Failure, 16(4), 357-366. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.12.006Planat-Bénard, V., Menard, C., André, M., Puceat, M., Perez, A., Garcia-Verdugo, J.-M., … Casteilla, L. (2004). Spontaneous Cardiomyocyte Differentiation From Adipose Tissue Stroma Cells. Circulation Research, 94(2), 223-229. doi:10.1161/01.res.0000109792.43271.47Weber, B., Zeisberger, S. M., & Hoerstrup, S. P. (2011). Prenatally harvested cells for cardiovascular tissue engineering: Fabrication of autologous implants prior to birth. Placenta, 32, S316-S319. doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2011.04.001Cortes-Morichetti, M., Frati, G., Schussler, O., Van Huyen, J.-P. D., Lauret, E., Genovese, J. A., … Chachques, J. C. (2007). Association Between a Cell-Seeded Collagen Matrix and Cellular Cardiomyoplasty for Myocardial Support and Regeneration. Tissue Engineering, 13(11), 2681-2687. doi:10.1089/ten.2006.0447Chi, N.-H., Yang, M.-C., Chung, T.-W., Chen, J.-Y., Chou, N.-K., & Wang, S.-S. (2012). Cardiac repair achieved by bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells/silk fibroin/hyaluronic acid patches in a rat of myocardial infarction model. Biomaterials, 33(22), 5541-5551. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2012.04.030Wang, T., Jiang, X.-J., Tang, Q.-Z., Li, X.-Y., Lin, T., Wu, D.-Q., … Okello, E. (2009). Bone marrow stem cells implantation with α-cyclodextrin/MPEG–PCL–MPEG hydrogel improves cardiac function after myocardial infarction. Acta Biomaterialia, 5(8), 2939-2944. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2009.04.040Wu, J., Zeng, F., Huang, X.-P., Chung, J. C.-Y., Konecny, F., Weisel, R. D., & Li, R.-K. (2011). Infarct stabilization and cardiac repair with a VEGF-conjugated, injectable hydrogel. Biomaterials, 32(2), 579-586. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2010.08.098Vunjak-Novakovic, G., Lui, K. O., Tandon, N., & Chien, K. R. (2011). Bioengineering Heart Muscle: A Paradigm for Regenerative Medicine. Annual Review of Biomedical Engineering, 13(1), 245-267. doi:10.1146/annurev-bioeng-071910-124701Dobner, S., Bezuidenhout, D., Govender, P., Zilla, P., & Davies, N. (2009). A Synthetic Non-degradable Polyethylene Glycol Hydrogel Retards Adverse Post-infarct Left Ventricular Remodeling. Journal of Cardiac Failure, 15(7), 629-636. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2009.03.003Blan, N. R., & Birla, R. K. (2008). Design and fabrication of heart muscle using scaffold-based tissue engineering. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 86A(1), 195-208. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.31642Zhao, X., & Zhang, S. (s. f.). Self-Assembling Nanopeptides Become a New Type of Biomaterial. Advances in Polymer Science, 145-170. doi:10.1007/12_088Vallés-Lluch, A., Arnal-Pastor, M., Martínez-Ramos, C., Vilariño-Feltrer, G., Vikingsson, L., Castells-Sala, C., … Monleón Pradas, M. (2013). Combining self-assembling peptide gels with three-dimensional elastomer scaffolds. Acta Biomaterialia, 9(12), 9451-9460. doi:10.1016/j.actbio.2013.07.038Arnal-Pastor, M., Vallés-Lluch, A., Keicher, M., & Pradas, M. M. (2011). Coating typologies and constrained swelling of hyaluronic acid gels within scaffold pores. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 361(1), 361-369. doi:10.1016/j.jcis.2011.05.013Pérez Olmedilla, M., Garcia-Giralt, N., Pradas, M. M., Ruiz, P. B., Gómez Ribelles, J. L., Palou, E. C., & García, J. C. M. (2006). Response of human chondrocytes to a non-uniform distribution of hydrophilic domains on poly (ethyl acrylate-co-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) copolymers. Biomaterials, 27(7), 1003-1012. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2005.07.030Soria, J. M., Martínez Ramos, C., Salmerón Sánchez, M., Benavent, V., Campillo Fernández, A., Gómez Ribelles, J. L., … Barcia, J. A. (2006). Survival and differentiation of embryonic neural explants on different biomaterials. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 79A(3), 495-502. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.30803Campillo-Fernandez, A. J., Pastor, S., Abad-Collado, M., Bataille, L., Gomez-Ribelles, J. L., Meseguer-Dueñas, J. M., … Ruiz-Moreno, J. M. (2007). Future Design of a New Keratoprosthesis. Physical and Biological Analysis of Polymeric Substrates for Epithelial Cell Growth. Biomacromolecules, 8(8), 2429-2436. doi:10.1021/bm0703012Martínez-Ramos, C., Vallés-Lluch, A., Verdugo, J. M. G., Ribelles, J. L. G., Barcia Albacar, J. A., Orts, A. B., … Pradas, M. M. (2012). Channeled scaffolds implanted in adult rat brain. Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 100A(12), 3276-3286. doi:10.1002/jbm.a.34273Hernández, J. C. R., Salmerón Sánchez, M., Soria, J. M., Gómez Ribelles, J. 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Channeled polymeric scaffolds with polypeptide gel filling for lengthwise guidance of neural cells

CNS damages are often irreversible since neurons of the central nervous system are unable to regenerate after an injury. As a new strategy within the nervous system tissue engineering, multifunctional systems based on two different biomaterials to support axonal guidance in damaged connective tracts have been developed herein. These systems are composed of a channeled scaffold made of ethyl acrylate and hydroxyethyl acrylate copolymer, P(EA-co-HEA), with parallel tubular micropores, combined with an injectable and in situ gelable self-assembling polypeptide (RAD16-I) as pores filler. The polymer scaffold is intended to provide a three-dimensional context for axon growth; subsequently, its morphology and physicochemical parameters have been determined by scanning electron microscopy, density measurements and compression tests. Besides, the hydrogel acts as a cell-friendly nanoenvironment while it creates a gradient of bioactive molecules (nerve growth factor, NGF) along the scaffolds channels; the chemotactic effect of NGF has been evaluated by a quantitative ELISA assay. These multifunctional systems have shown ability to keep circulating NGF, as well as proper short-term in vitro biological response with glial cells and neural progenitors.The authors acknowledge funding through the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MAT2011-28791-C03-02 and -03). Dr. J.M. Garcia Verdugo (Department of Comparative Neurobiology, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutive Biology, Universitat de Valencia) is thanked for kindly providing the cells employed in this work.Conejero García, Á.; Vilarino-Feltrer, G.; Martínez Ramos, C.; Monleón Pradas, M.; Vallés Lluch, A. (2015). Channeled polymeric scaffolds with polypeptide gel filling for lengthwise guidance of neural cells. European Polymer Journal. 70:331-341. doi:10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2015.07.033S3313417

Artificial Intelligence to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 disease on the elderly

Resumen del trabajo presentado a las II Jornadas Científicas PTI+ Salud Global, celebradas en Valencia del 5 al 6 de octubre de 2022.Peer reviewe

The gut microbiota, a hallmark of human aging, could implicate risk and effect of COVID19 in the elderly

Resumen del trabajo presentado a las II Jornadas Científicas PTI+ Salud Global, celebradas en Valencia del 5 al 6 de octubre de 2022.Peer reviewe

Longitudinal study of the immune response after

Resumen del trabajo presentado a las II Jornadas Científicas PTI+ Salud Global, celebradas en Valencia del 5 al 6 de octubre de 2022.Peer reviewe

Combining self-assembling peptide gels with three-dimensional elastomer scaffolds

[EN] Some of the problems raised by the combination of porous scaffolds and self-assembling peptide (SAP) gels as constructs for tissue engineering applications are addressed for the first time. Scaffolds of poly(- ethyl acrylate) and the SAP gel RAD16-I were employed. The in situ gelation of the SAP gel inside the pores of the scaffolds was studied. The scaffold-cum-gel constructs were characterized morphologically, physicochemically and mechanically. The possibility of incorporating an active molecule (bovine serum albumin, taken here as a model molecule for others) in the gel within the scaffold’s pores was assessed, and the kinetics of its release in phosphate-buffered saline was followed. Cell seeding and colonization of these constructs were preliminarily studied with L929 fibroblasts and subsequently checked with sheep adipose-tissue-derived stem cells intended for further preclinical studies. Static (conventional) and dynamically assisted seedings were compared for bare scaffolds and the scaffold-cum-gel constructs. The SAP gel inside the pores of the scaffold significantly improved the uniformity and density of cell colonization of the three-dimensional (3-D) structure. These constructs could be of use in different advanced tissue engineering applications, where, apart from a cell-friendly extracellular matrix -like aqueous environment, a larger-scale 3-D structure able to keep the cells in a specific place, give mechanical support and/or conduct spatially the tissue growth could be required.The authors acknowledge funding through the European Commission FP7 project RECATABI (NMP3-SL-2009-229239), and from the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion through projects MAT2011-28791-C03-02 and -03. Dr. J.C. Chachques (Hopital Europeen Georges Pompidou, Paris) is thanked for providing the ASCs employed in this study. MMP acknowledges support of CIBER-BBN initiative, financed by Institut de Salud Carlos III (Spain) with the assistance of the European Regional Development Fund.Vallés Lluch, A.; Arnal Pastor, MP.; Martínez Ramos, C.; Vilariño Feltrer, G.; Vikingsson, L.; Castells Sala, C.; Semino, CE.... (2013). Combining self-assembling peptide gels with three-dimensional elastomer scaffolds. Acta Biomaterialia. 9(12):9451-9460. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actbio.2013.07.038S9451946091