Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Una mirada reflexiva a la Calidad de la Educación Superior

Introduction: Critical interpretative analysis on quality in Higher Education, reviewing aspects considered to be of quality at present with all the changes generated in the past. Development: Focuses on seven aspects: University Model; World Class or Local University; Evolution of Higher Education; Technologies; Quality in Higher Education as an engine of pertinent social change; Social inclusion; and Evaluation and Accreditation as Quality control. Conclusion: The commitment of international agencies for higher education, associated with the participation of quality control and assurance networks and agencies, have been drivers and promoters of this trend in Latin America and the Caribbean, its most significant elements being evaluation and quality accreditation, going from being a theoretical recommendation to an effectively implemented policy, as in other regions of the world.Introducción: Análisis crítico interpretativo sobre la calidad en Educación Superior, repasando aspectos considerados para ser de calidad en la actualidad con todos los cambios generados en el pasado. Desarrollo: Se centra en siete aspectos: Modelo de Universidad; Universidad de Clase Mundial o Local; Evolución de la Educación Superior; Tecnologías; La Calidad en Educación Superior como motor de cambio social pertinente; La inclusión social; y La Evaluación y Acreditación como control de Calidad. Conclusión: El compromiso de las agencias internacionales para la educación superior, asociado a la participación de redes y agencias de control y aseguramiento de calidad han sido impulsores y favorecedores de esta tendencia en América Latina y el Caribe, siendo sus elementos más significativos la evaluación y acreditación de la calidad, pasando de ser una recomendación teórica a una política efectivamente implementada, al igual que en otras regiones del mundo

Global Survey of Outcomes of Neurocritical Care Patients: Analysis of the PRINCE Study Part 2

BACKGROUND: Neurocritical care is devoted to the care of critically ill patients with acute neurological or neurosurgical emergencies. There is limited information regarding epidemiological data, disease characteristics, variability of clinical care, and in-hospital mortality of neurocritically ill patients worldwide. We addressed these issues in the Point PRevalence In Neurocritical CarE (PRINCE) study, a prospective, cross-sectional, observational study. METHODS: We recruited patients from various intensive care units (ICUs) admitted on a pre-specified date, and the investigators recorded specific clinical care activities they performed on the subjects during their first 7 days of admission or discharge (whichever came first) from their ICUs and at hospital discharge. In this manuscript, we analyzed the final data set of the study that included patient admission characteristics, disease type and severity, ICU resources, ICU and hospital length of stay, and in-hospital mortality. We present descriptive statistics to summarize data from the case report form. We tested differences between geographically grouped data using parametric and nonparametric testing as appropriate. We used a multivariable logistic regression model to evaluate factors associated with in-hospital mortality. RESULTS: We analyzed data from 1545 patients admitted to 147 participating sites from 31 countries of which most were from North America (69%, N = 1063). Globally, there was variability in patient characteristics, admission diagnosis, ICU treatment team and resource allocation, and in-hospital mortality. Seventy-three percent of the participating centers were academic, and the most common admitting diagnosis was subarachnoid hemorrhage (13%). The majority of patients were male (59%), a half of whom had at least two comorbidities, and median Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) of 13. Factors associated with in-hospital mortality included age (OR 1.03; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.04); lower GCS (OR 1.20; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.16 for every point reduction in GCS); pupillary reactivity (OR 1.8; 95% CI, 1.09 to 3.23 for bilateral unreactive pupils); admission source (emergency room versus direct admission [OR 2.2; 95% CI, 1.3 to 3.75]; admission from a general ward versus direct admission [OR 5.85; 95% CI, 2.75 to 12.45; and admission from another ICU versus direct admission [OR 3.34; 95% CI, 1.27 to 8.8]); and the absence of a dedicated neurocritical care unit (NCCU) (OR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.04 to 2.47). CONCLUSION: PRINCE is the first study to evaluate care patterns of neurocritical patients worldwide. The data suggest that there is a wide variability in clinical care resources and patient characteristics. Neurological severity of illness and the absence of a dedicated NCCU are independent predictors of in-patient mortality.status: publishe

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study (Intensive Care Medicine, (2021), 47, 2, (160-169), 10.1007/s00134-020-06234-9)

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The members of the ESICM Trials Group Collaborators were not shown in the article but only in the ESM. The full list of collaborators is shown below. The original article has been corrected

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study (Intensive Care Medicine, (2021), 47, 2, (160-169), 10.1007/s00134-020-06234-9)

1832The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The members of the ESICM Trials Group Collaborators were not shown in the article but only in the ESM. The full list of collaborators is shown below. The original article has been corrected.openopenLabeau S.O.; Afonso E.; Benbenishty J.; Blackwood B.; Boulanger C.; Brett S.J.; Calvino-Gunther S.; Chaboyer W.; Coyer F.; Deschepper M.; Francois G.; Honore P.M.; Jankovic R.; Khanna A.K.; Llaurado-Serra M.; Lin F.; Rose L.; Rubulotta F.; Saager L.; Williams G.; Blot S.I.; Muzha D.; Ribas A.M.; Lipovesty F.; Loudet C.; Eller P.; Mostafa N.; Honore P.M.; Telleria V.M.; Smajic J.; Nogueira P.C.; Nafees K.M.K.; Hentchoya R.; Soledad J.; Cardenas Y.; Reyes A.G.; Sustic A.; Mpouzika M.; Vymazal T.; Jensen H.I.; Aguirre-Bermeo H.; Maddison L.; Valta M.; Bloos F.; Adipa F.E.; Koulouras V.; Enamorado J.; Agoston Z.; Birgisdottir H.; Gupta A.; Gurjar M.; Kilapong B.; Hashemian S.M.; Martin-Loeches I.; Cortegiani A.; Fletcher K.; Hayashi Y.; Waweru-Siika W.; Abidi K.; Lee S.-M.; Hadri B.; Dolgusevs M.; Abillama F.F.; Jovaisa T.; Thix C.; Elhadi M.; Nor B.M.; Ratnam S.; Mazlan M.Z.; Maiyalagan S.; Sanchez-Hurtado L.; Belii A.; Naranpurev M.; Gautam P.; De lange D.; Parke R.; Ilesanmi R.E.; Shosholcheva M.; Petosic A.; Lind R.; Ffarcsi M.H.; Bogarin J.; Hernandez A.M.; Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M.; Sousa B.; Tomescu D.; Sandesc D.; Twagirumugabe T.; Gusarov V.; Ebaid M.; Slobodianiuk G.; Martonova A.; Knafelj R.; Mer M.; Maseda E.; Panka B.; Schefold J.C.; Joelsson-Alm E.; Trongtrakul K.; Merritt-Charles L.; Besbes L.O.; Dikmen Y.; Zgrzheblovska L.; Fielding M.; von der Osten I.; Muzha D.; Greca A.; Cani A.; Xhindi N.; Hyska G.; Ribas A.M.; Pinto S.; Alves P.; Esposito R.; Valgolio E.; Minope J.T.S.; Abdala A.; Ayala M.; Bravo S.; Bantar A.; Delgado P.; Badariotti G.; Lipovestky F.; Diaz A.; Saul P.; Setten M.; Aucapina A.; Acosta Y.; Gonzalez V.; Camputaro L.; Baccaro F.; Villa R.; Diaz A.; Mastantuono M.; Dean E.; Rostello O.F.; Brizuela P.; Bartoli J.R.; Guereschi M.; Quiroga C.; Putruele S.; Villegas P.; Curilen V.; Fernandez R.; Nocheretti M.G.; Escalante R.G.; Loudet C.I.; Fernandez S.; Gonzalez A.L.; Alvarez G.A.; Iglesias F.; Chaparro S.; Zakalik G.; Pagella G.; Baini M.; Campos P.A.; Sabbag I.; Schmukler A.; Fonseca I.P.; Alvarez G.M.; Ramirez M.; Tapia F.; Bascary C.A.; del Valle Gimenez G.; Bertoletti F.P.; Milioto E.; Bonsignore P.J.M.; Fernandez M.A.; Smith J.; Chimunda T.; Thompson L.; Maguire T.; Watts S.; Mitchell M.; Powell M.; Lye I.; Parsons L.; Baker N.; Reynolds C.; Thompson A.; Masters K.; Sosnowski K.; Morrison L.; Leslie G.D.; Lakshmanan R.; Tabah A.; Brown W.; McDowell-Skaines S.; McLucas A.; Smith C.; Tallot M.; Jones S.; Barakat-Johnson M.; Leong T.; Butcher R.; Martin K.; Douschan P.; von Lewinski D.; Eller P.; Schmutz R.; Kolussi U.; Salman F.; Ateya Z.; Mostafa N.; De Decker K.; Van Regenmortel N.; Jans A.; Wijnands P.; Coremans S.; De Bels D.; Depuydt T.; Paillet C.; Jacquet L.-M.; Swinnen W.; Hannes F.; Mergeay M.; Van de Velde S.; Allaert S.; Hoste P.; Borin C.; Balon S.; Fraipont V.; Biston P.; De Schryver N.; Dugernier T.; Van Cotthem I.; Telleria V.M.; Smajic J.; de Almeida A.O.; Jorge S.A.; Becker D.; Schmidt R.C.; Oliveira E.; Ramalho A.; Mazocoli E.; Fioretti A.; Barros E.; Serpa L.; Bianchini S.; Campanili T.; Pantaleao T.; Garcia P.C.; Ronchini A.L.V.; Santos R.; Nafees K.M.K.; Manap N.B.A.; Hentchoya R.; Bagshaw S.; Carney D.; Bagshaw S.; Davidow J.; Bagshaw S.; Rokosh E.; Bagshaw S.; Laizner A.M.; Smith S.; McQuirter M.; Kampayana B.S.; Favre R.; Sills M.; Laizner A.M.; Dallaire J.; Laizner A.M.; Becker C.; Microys S.; Bowes B.; Lajeunesse J.; Ghosh R.; Baptiste-Savoie J.; Raizman R.; Bagshaw S.; Suen G.; Taghavi N.; Smith O.; Fielding C.; Canales J.; Molina P.; Chaparro J.; Sepulveda M.I.; Zamorano M.J.F.; Rocha P.; Villanueva X.; Araya P.; Dayan M.; Avalos F.; Li X.; Liu Y.; Li X.; Chen X.; Jiang Z.; Yang J.; Chen J.; Yang L.; Wang K.; Gao J.; Fang X.; Zhao R.; Xia X.; Liu H.; Li J.; Wang H.; Meng G.; Di Y.; Wang D.; Zhao R.H.; Hu L.P.; Fang X.; Peipei X.; Jiao Q.F.; Wang H.Y.; Xia C.J.; Liu Y.; Ye M.; Wan Y.; Wang W.; Ding Y.; Ren A.; Gao Y.; Li Q.; Du G.; Yang J.; Shen Y.; Ding Y.; Li N.; Yuan C.; Li J.; Tan L.; Lin Q.; Guo H.; Yan H.; Xu X.; Zhang W.; Liang J.; Zhang L.; Tian E.; Zhao Q.; InSu L.; Dong J.; Gu Y.; Liu Y.; Zhao L.; Wang W.; Qiao H.; Tuo L.; Lv M.; Zhu J.Y.; Zhu J.F.; Wei Y.; Liu M.; He Y.; Cheng J.; Liu J.; Jia N.; Wei D.; Li Q.; Wu X.; Duan H.; Lin D.; Liang Q.; Luo X.; Xiong Y.; Huang R.F.; Fu J.; Zan T.; Ye M.; Shi Z.; Long Y.; Lei Y.; Liu X.; Yumei C.; Wang L.L.; Zhang Y.; Xu Y.; Cheng; Zhijuan W.; Sun C.; Song J.H.; Wang Y.; Liu X.M.; Liu Y.; Yuan Y.; Huang Q.; Yang F.; Wu Y.; Luo X.; Bai X.; Zheng H.; Song M.; Sun Y.; Li Z.S.; Luo F.; Liu M.; Li L.C.; Li X.; Zhang G.; Xiao L.; Yu T.; Gao G.; Wei W.; Wang F.; Han T.; Li T.; Zeng Q.; Zeng J.M.; Long Y.; Pan F.; Wang J.; He G.; Chen H.; Zhang F.; Chao Y.; Chunhua G.; Yao X.; Bai D.; Liu L.; Xu X.; Wang Y.; Liang X.; Zhang N.; Li X.; Zhang A.; Chen X.; Hu X.C.; Zhang H.; Wang R.X.; Tak P.S.; Ho S.W.; Jiang Q.X.; Ding X.; Hong L.; Miao L.; Feng Z.; Huang L.P.; Wu J.; Wang Y.; Guo J.; Zhang B.; Ma C.; Han Y.; Liu C.; Ding M.; Luan L.; Zheng J.; Lv S.; Jiang S.; Cao W.; Xue X.; Li J.; Liu G.; Wang J.; Wei X.; Zhang W.; Jiang Y.; Yao Z.; Gao L.; Li J.; Zhao W.; Jiang M.; Hao J.; Zhang J.; Song C.; Chen F.; Wang S.; Hu L.; Cao D.; Liu Y.; Wan J.; Wang X.; Shao H.; Zhang Z.; Cui X.; Liu J.; Zhao L.; Li X.; Fan L.; Zhang L.; Yu M.; Li B.; Li C.; Liu L.; Liu X.L.; Chen W.; Li Y.; Zhigang Z.; Yuchen W.; Mu C.; Zhu G.; Yang F.; Bo Q.; Li L.; Chen M.; Jiang J.H.; Yin H.; Pang X.; Gong Y.Y.; Yang S.; Yan X.; Zheng X.; Lei D.H.; Lei L.; Guo Y.; Liu L.; Yu J.; Sun W.; Bi A.P.; Li W.; Wu Y.; Li J.; Ni D.; Li X.; Liu Y.; Wu Z.; Song B.; Chen J.; Fei Q.; Xiaoyan Y.; Ran Q.; Xixi L.; Jiao X.; Ji H.; Zhiping S.; Hong M.; Jianhong M.; Hao Y.; Yin L.; Wang Y.; Hui C.; Ju W.; Xia X.; Huo Y.; Wang Y.; Chen L.; Yan Y.; Zhao Q.; Chen H.; Bao G.; Cao Y.; Hong L.; Zhang H.; Zhang Y.; Xu L.; Guixiang J.; Li Y.; Zhao H.M.; Huang X.; Dai Z.; Jian Y.; Zhang H.; Tian Z.; Cao Z.Q.; Li M.; Liu Y.; Ouyang F.; Ma F.; Jin W.; Ge L.; Wu S.F.; Li J.; Yuan W.; Chen T.; Shi G.; Chen Z.; Liu K.; Lin X.; Yuemen L.; Lijuan S.; Tian X.F.; Wang S.; Feng Z.X.; Liu X.Z.; Dong Y.; Zhang J.; Bocui N.; Jiang Z.X.; Yang J.; Wang G.X.; Zhao Y.; Wu X.; Yang Q.; Hu R.L.; Li X.Q.; Yu Z.J.; Yao Y.; Deng X.; Xiao Y.; Xie Y.; Yang Y.; Yang H.; Zhou Y.; Li Z.; Xiao M.; Yang Y.X.; Tian Y.; Gama L.M.S.; Hernandez J.S.; Cardenas Y.; Caicedo N.; Marin J.; Ochoa M.-E.; Gomez M.; Rojas-Suarez J.; Gonzalez J.; Reyes A.J.G.; Chapeta E.; Orozco E.; Filipovic-Grcic I.; Vukovic A.; Pecenkovic S.; Suput A.; Sustic A.; Zivanovic-Posilovic G.; Bozena A.; Udiljak N.; Milic M.; Radivojevic R.C.; Mihaljevic S.; Matas M.; Tonkovic D.; Culjak H.; Herceg I.; Pavlisa G.; Dobric M.; Beker T.; Adam V.N.; Goranovic T.; Markoulias C.; Mathaios M.; Mylordou M.; Achilleos E.; Kleanthous P.; Kotanidi V.; Foka M.; Charalabous I.; Alexandrou A.; Georgiou M.; Patsalos A.; Zepoy S.; Constantinou C.; Piza P.; Vymazal T.; Wiborg E.; Bruhn L.; Kaasby K.; Pedersen K.R.; Mikkelsen S.; Collet M.; Langvad A.; Andresen H.; Fischer S.; Kjaergard I.E.; Jepsen B.; Husted B.; Bestle M.; Kodal A.M.; Hansen T.C.B.; Pedersen A.S.B.; Thomsen T.D.; Hoegenhaven A.; From M.; Frandsen T.M.; Henning G.; Hansen A.; Jensen H.I.; Bliksted I.A.; Tamayo L.M.; Mogrovejo P.; Aguirre-Bermeo H.; Palaez C.; Tutillo D.R.M.; Hurtado C.V.; Garcia M.F.; Alvarez D.; Guerrero F.; Vasquez A.; Kutimets M.; Tamme K.; Maddison L.; Anvelt E.; Dlamini-Sserumaga L.; Lofqvist C.; Lusenius V.; Kauppi O.; Sakki J.-K.; Tervo-Heikkinen T.; Kesti U.; Merilainen M.; Karjula E.; Peltomaa M.; Palmu A.; Ahtiala M.; Valta M.A.; Mentec H.; Plantefeve G.; Besch G.; Pili-Floury S.; Ledochowski S.; Deserts M.D.; Giacardi C.; Daubin C.; Massard A.; Le Guen Y.; Blanc A.; Mandaroux S.; Gunther S.C.; Avogadro P.; Radavidson A.; Turc J.; Jochmans S.; Quintard H.; Boyer L.; Bruel C.; Philippart F.; Montravers P.; Atchade E.; Flessel N.; Chinardet B.; Soulisse L.; Pillard C.; Ngo D.; Bongiorno B.; Heitzler N.; Souppart V.; Gautheret N.; Timsit J.-F.; Essardy F.; Fartoukh M.; Mehay D.; Etourneau F.; Farkas J.-C.; Beuret P.; Preda G.; De Montmollin E.; Castelain V.; Jaschinski U.; Rothenfusser M.; Kindgen-Milles D.; Dimski T.; Fiedler C.; Heinicke T.; Meybohm P.; Schulze T.; Bota M.; Pelz S.; Odenthal T.; Christ M.; Bloos F.; Bosl K.; Chovas A.; Stehr S.; Simon P.; Grotheer S.; Schuppel S.; Schaller S.; Albrecht L.; Stubner A.; Graeser S.; Kolbe N.; Lausch M.; Diers A.; Guenther U.; Riessen R.; Roller M.; Osei I.P.; Kusi-Appiah A.-C.; Yakubu Y.H.; Guadi-Gosh B.; Dragoumanis C.; Christofis C.; Kazakos N.; Bastani S.; Martinos C.; Bekos V.; Papanikolaou M.; Papavasilopoulou T.; Efthymiou A.; Chantziara V.; Kyriakoudi A.; Kakaras N.; Diakaki C.; Flevari A.; Nikolaou C.; Katerina K.; Avramopoulou L.; Tsikritsaki K.; Gkiokas G.; Pantiora E.; Katsenos C.; Patsiou E.-C.; Alexandropoulou P.; Koutsodimitropoulos I.; Farmakis E.; Nestora K.; Chatzis M.; Kondili E.; Soundoulounaki S.; Mousafiri O.; Lepida D.; Liarmakopoulou A.; Koulouras V.; Papathanakos G.; Oikonomou M.; Ioannides P.; Papadopoulos D.; Staikos I.; Stafylaraki M.; Raitsiou B.; Mandis K.; Ravani I.; Kourelea S.; Efthimiou A.; Thoma G.; Bakas A.; Psarulis K.; Anisoglou S.; Papageorgiou E.; Michailidou E.; Tholioti T.; Lavrentieva A.; Sourla E.; Spyropoulou A.; Pantelas N.; Stalika K.M.M.; Georgakas I.; Karathanou A.; Tsikriki S.; Dimoula A.; Kanakaki S.; Vakalos A.; Pagioulas K.; Enamorado J.E.; Nardai G.; Hawchar F.; Blondal A.; Rygvadottir B.; Jonasdottir R.J.; Birgisdottir H.; Shah B.; Kaushik S.; Tripathy S.; Singh M.; Agarwal S.; Gupta M.; Ahmad M.; Mangal K.; Bhargava V.; Kushare V.; Jha S.; Bhakhtiani L.; Gupta A.; Kamal M.; Gurjar M.; Baronia A.; Kilapong B.; Susanti A.; Lestari M.I.; Zulkifli Z.; Baskoro W.; Zand F.; Zarei F.; Mahmoodpoor A.; Heidari F.; Jafaraghaee F.; O'Shea A.; O'Shea F.; O'Donnell C.; Craig G.; Fitzpatrick G.; Dunne L.; Hastings J.; Marsh B.; Cody C.; Campbell E.; Doyle D.; Pacturanan M.; Sheehan C.; Carey A.; Carter C.; Mulvey R.; Finn D.O.C.R.; Motherway C.; Walsh A.; Kehoe J.; Delossantos S.; Lalor J.; O'Nuallain S.; Behan H.; McPherson S.; Corcoran A.; Gordon P.; Rooney G.; Levy D.; Azencot M.; Gurevich V.; Lavy A.; Bendelari V.; Marconi R.; Barone A.; Gatti C.; Giampaoletti A.; Borgognoni C.; Ghioldi D.M.; Raimondo A.; Castiglione G.; Bruno A.V.; Rubulotta G.; Mo A.; Corso A.; Girianni S.; Bruni A.; Garofalo E.; Maggiore S.M.; Di Risio A.; Calamai I.; Spina R.; Spadaro S.; Volta C.A.; Cotoia A.; Mirabella L.; Maulicino L.; Abregal G.; Donvito M.; D'Ambrosio P.; Binda F.; Adamina I.; Galazzi A.; Negro A.; Vaschetto R.; Capuzzi F.; Boschetto M.; Stivanello L.; Bonaccorso L.; Megna C.; Cortegiani A.; Iozzo P.; Rizzo A.; Scire G.; Taibi M.R.; Tranello F.P.; Manzo A.; Traina L.; Pastore B.; Quaini A.; Giusti G.D.; Montaldi G.; Piergentili F.; Mancini F.; Casaioli S.; Uccelli F.; Guarracino F.; Onelli A.; Di Gravio V.; Cossu M.; Matrona O.; Rocco M.; Alampi D.; Dellafiore F.; Ranalli F.; Bossolasco M.; Brizio E.; Migliorino P.; Cortellazi P.; Rosati M.; D'Ambrosio F.; Quagliotto C.; Roman-Pognuz E.; Peratoner A.; De Rosa S.; Martin M.A.; De Sanctis F.; Ciorba P.; Fletcher K.; Toppin P.; Harding-Goldson H.; Taito S.; Shime N.; Yamamoto R.; Kanda F.; Hirao A.; Egi M.; Noguchi A.; Hashimoto S.; Aya U.; Sakuramoto H.; Ohuchi A.; Kataoka J.; Maruyama K.; Nakayama I.; Nishime Y.; Fujimoto K.; Takahashi K.; Tsujimoto M.; Shimizu M.; Waweru-Siika W.; Tole E.; Correia M.C.; Kim J.H.; Park S.; Kim K.C.; Baek J.; Bae J.-M.; Park S.Y.; Park T.S.; Lee H.B.; Park S.Y.; Park J.; Yeon-Joo L.; Young-Jae C.; Lee S.-M.; Jeon K.; Kim S.C.; Lee J.; Chee H.K.; Huh J.W.; Sim Y.S.; Kim J.; Chang Y.; Ahn J.-J.; Kang B.J.; Lee W.-Y.; Lee S.J.; Hadri B.; Baftiu N.; Krastins I.; Dolgusevs M.; Abillama F.F.; Stiban S.; Feghaly M.E.; Gharios E.; Merheb M.; Benlamin M.; Khaled A.; Belkhair W.A.; Tabib M.; Ashour F.; Elhadi A.; Tababa O.W.E.; Khaled T.; Alkhumsi S.I.R.; Alshrif A.I.; Aboufray A.A.; Alabuzidi A.; Triki A.R.; Elgammudi M.; Zahra H.B.; Soula E.; Al-Alawi M.M.S.; Ahmed H.; Ghula M.A.A.; Vosylius S.; Mouton L.; Rastegar T.; Sertznig C.; Martin G.; Thix C.; Theisen C.; Ferretti C.; Gils F.; Gallion M.; Zainudin A.; Bahrin L.K.K.; Deva S.R.; Rahim A.H.A.; Wahab S.; Mazlan M.Z.; Hassan W.N.W.; Ismail W.N.W.; Ali M.N.; Khoo T.M.; Samat N.M.; Tong J.M.G.; Adib N.A.N.; Nor M.B.M.; Ratnam S.; Ismail N.; Ratnam S.; Sulaiman S.R.; Foong K.W.; Alias A.; Hua N.P.; Maiyalagan S.; Maiyalagan S.; Zermeno J.M.; Blanco D.; Duran K.; Nava C.L.L.; Nandyelly S.J.R.; Sanchez-Hurtado L.A.; Tejeda-Huezo B.; Del Moral Armengol M.; Nava L.P.A.; Herrera J.G.; de Anda G.F.V.; Gallegos-Perez H.; Hernandez-Sanchez N.; Hernandez-Ponce L.; Gorordo-Delsol L.; Hernandez-Romero M.; Gomez S.; Molinar F.; Namendys-Silva S.A.; Romero-Gonzalez J.P.; Gonzalez D.; Landaverde A.; Sosa M.A.; Navarro B.; de Molina Serrano J.I.R.; Iburrigarro S.R.; Ibarra A.; Aguirre J.; Martinez-Gonzalez M.; Padilla N.R.C.; Pineda A.A.V.; Villafuerte M.V.E.; Herrera M.O.G.; Belii A.; Naranpurev M.; Baasanjav B.; Hachimi A.; Elkhayari M.; Abidi K.; Dendane T.; Subedi N.B.; Pathak S.D.; Gautam P.; Manandhar M.; Van Gulik L.; Van Den Brink M.; Van Vliet P.; Gerretsen B.; Van Den Berg L.; De Haan M.; Tuinstra B.; Kuijpers P.; Reijntjens J.; Vermeijden J.W.; Rinket M.; Vanroest M.; Reidinga A.; Loef B.; Dieperink W.; Onrust M.; Dormans T.; Bormans L.; Koopmans M.; Gerritsen R.T.; Van Den Elst A.; Evers M.; Oiting O.; Wilting R.; Ramaker B.; van der Kuil M.; Fijen J.-W.; Haas L.; De Lange D.; Haringman J.; Newby L.; Parke R.; Gilder E.; Hacking D.; Dagooc R.; Song R.; Waibel H.; Dawn F.; Rapley J.; Chadwick L.; Chapman C.; Crone P.; Albrett J.; Marko P.; Goodson J.; Browne T.; Whitticase R.; Davidson C.; Judd H.; Owens D.; Onyeka T.; Ugwu I.; Ilesanmi R.; Adejumo P.O.; Owojuyigbe A.; Adenekan A.; Uba S.; Chime C.; Jibrin D.; Sankey B.J.; Adekola O.; Olanipekun S.; Olanipekun S.; Adekola O.; Shosolcheva M.; Gievski V.; Kartalov A.; Naumovski F.; Kuzmanovska B.; Trposak A.; Bogoevska-Miteva Z.; Rosalia R.; Olsen B.F.; Sjobo B.; Jensen K.D.; Sykehus D.; Johansen B.F.; Straede E.; Johansen E.; Finnstrom I.J.; Toellefsen A.; Ostenjo H.; Bjorgen H.; Bratsberg B.; Kristoffersen E.; Skorstad E.M.; Hansen S.; Vullum S.; Lunde G.A.; Arntsen W.; Lund M.; Akselsen G.R.; Monstad K.R.; Stenset A.; Haugom H.; Monsen B.; Hogvall L.; Trudvang S.; Galaaen B.; Malmin S.K.; Andersen M.H.; Hargott R.F.; Andersen Y.; Steffenak E.; Nyhus M.; Meland B.; Hashmi M.; Rivas N.; Maidana E.; de Jesus Ortiz A.; Cabral D.M.B.; Simi M.; Aponte C.; Rivas J.C.; Gill S.; Garcia A.; Alvarenga G.; Cespedes L.; Perez H.; Moreira M.L.; Canete F.; Gonzalez R.; Monges N.; Garcia A.; Coman M.; Pederzani M.; Franco N.; Aganon F.; Martinez R.; Noblezada-Uy D.; Ellazar C.G.; Cerezo F.D.; Hernandez A.M.; Palo J.E.; Aperocho C.A.J.; Isanan M.; Tubacka M.; Jasiewicz P.; Czuczwar M.; Borys M.; Gutysz-Wojnicka A.; Glinka L.; Gawda R.; Mikaszewska-Sokolewicz M.; Bilawicz J.; Cabrita P.; Vieira J.; Figueiredo M.F.; Pinheiro C.M.; Antunes N.; Pedro L.; Ferreira F.; Parente I.; Varela M.; Fernandes F.; Martins C.; Viveiros A.; Cavaco R.; Rita C.S.; Dias S.; Feranandes A.M.; Silva P.; Nunes C.; Cabral J.; Sousa B.; Pires F.; Ferreira H.; Santos J.; Pinto V.M.V.; Bispo B.M.; Ferreira A.; Molinos E.; Lafuente E.; Gregorio R.; Costa H.; Lima A.; Ferreira S.; Seromenho V.; Luis E.; Valerio I.; Cesar H.; Tavares A.; Alsheikhly A.S.; Mahmood S.; Guran C.T.; Moise A.; Filipescu D.C.; Luchian M.; Tomescu D.; Popescu M.; Scutariu M.A.; Petrisor C.; Hagau N.; Grigoras I.; Patrichi T.; Gusarev V.; Pivkina A.; Kulakov V.; Ignatenko O.; Kovaleva J.; Zhivotneva T.; Zhedaeva M.; Matiushkov N.; Ershova O.; Egorova N.; Khoronenko V.; Baskakov D.; Sergeev D.; Piradov M.; Grishina L.; Magomedov M.; Zuev E.; Gorokhovatsky U.; Leonova A.; Fadeeva L.; Belskiy V.; Galishevskiy D.; Zubareva N.; Tribulev M.; Zueva O.; Kiselev A.; Kamenshchikov N.; Tokareva E.; Petrushin M.; Starchenko I.; Twagirumugabe T.; Nshimyumuremyi I.; Muhizi J.; Buregeya E.; Nzarora J.; Assiri A.; Ebaid M.S.; Almekhlafi G.; Mandourah Y.; Velickovic J.; Velickovic D.; Jovanovic B.; Hadzibegovic A.; Stefanovic B.; Misic V.; Bumbasirevic V.; Rajkovic M.; Stojanovic M.; Gavrilovic S.; Stanojevic M.; Martonova A.; Yaghi A.; Turcan A.; Firment P.; Slobodianiuk G.; Rabarova D.; Lancaricova D.; Vlaovic J.; Groznik M.; Lukic M.; Perme J.; Sostaric M.; Umek N.; Mirkovic T.; Dolenc S.; Knafelj R.; Fister M.; Zorko N.; Markota A.; Yeni N.P.; Jali P.; Schmollgruber S.; Syed M.R.; Parag N.; Wise R.; Galiana M.; Navarro J.A.; De Pablo A.M.; Albert P.; Martinez P.; Mendiara Y.; Garcia B.; Llinas A.A.; Riveiro M.; Gallart E.; Riera A.; Sanz M.; Salo S.; Lajara M.A.G.; Nieto M.V.; Garcia R.; Pena J.M.G.; Gorgolas M.C.; Isasi M.A.; Sierra R.; Gordo F.; Conejo I.; Salva-Costa V.; Garzon-Tovar C.; Lospitao S.; Gonzalez R.; Gutierrez P.; Girona M.; Adamuz J.; Olivares P.G.; de Ceballos J.P.G.; Tirado C.; De Wit I.; Polo A.B.C.; del Mar Diaz Salcedo M.; Ripolles-Melchor J.; Martinez-Hurtado E.; Alvarez J.D.; Arcas M.L.B.; Gonzalez J.I.T.; de la Ventana A.B.S.; Calleja P.L.-A.; Alvarez R.G.; Zamora P.S.; Guerrero A.O.; Cosano R.; Perez-Vacas J.; Campos-Perez M.; Barreiro E.M.; Sanchez L.C.; Diaz M.G.; Jimenez R.; Del Rio Cabajo L.; Muriel D.S.; Alonso H.F.; Fernandez A.W.; Pinan I.S.; Albaiceta G.M.; Fernandez M.C.I.; Abos F.J.S.; Monedero P.; Chueca R.M.; Aguirre L.G.; Manosa S.C.; Luque C.P.; Calpe N.; Losilla M.R.; Fores M.T.; Farre O.; Fernandez O.; del Rosario Villar Redondo M.; Arteta Arteta D.S.; Sanchez M.A.H.; Espinosa C.P.; Reyes L.M.; Domenech L.C.; Guillen C.V.; Alvarez J.T.; del Cotillo M.; Barrueco-Francioni J.E.; Conde B.B.; Blanco M.P.S.; Blasco M.L.; Clement A.I.; Hurtado C.; Sanz L.C.; Perez-Torres D.; Prol-Silva E.; Pereira J.; Gonzalez I.A.; Cano A.E.; Nunez C.R.; Fernadez I.L.; Fernandez A.A.M.; Del Bosque Diez R.; Hilario B.; Zalba-Etayo B.; Pascual-Bielsa A.; Panka B.; Banwarie P.; Nahar D.; van Axel A.; Boedjawan N.N.; Jansson E.B.; Malvemyr A.-S.; Johansson L.; Sandberg U.; Tingsvik C.; Mattsson G.; Lof G.; Spangfors M.; Ringdal M.; Geijer S.; Orvelius L.; Hylen M.; Lagerhall C.; Joelsson-Alm E.; Akerman E.; Hellkvist V.H.; Mickelsson U.; Akerman E.; Wahlbom E.; Larsson I.-M.; Wallin E.; Boroli F.; Ory S.; Jong M.L.; Dullenkopf A.; Lang M.; Fleury Y.; Maus M.; Ben-Hamouda N.; Fishman A.; Hsu M.Y.; Chang S.C.; Trongtratul K.; Sawawiboon C.; Morakul S.; Khwannimit B.; Merritt-Charles L.; Singh K.; Ventour D.; Figaro-Barclay D.; Sankar-Maharaj S.; Mebazaa M.S.; Kamoun S.; Elatrous S.; Besbes L.; Abroug F.; Naija W.; Elhechmi Y.Z.; Sellami W.; Hajjej Z.; Merhabene T.; Talik I.; Kuscu O.O.; Dilek O.; Zerman A.; Dal H.C.; Turan S.; Aydemir S.; Yilmaz H.; Calili D.K.; Izdes S.; Cengiz M.; Gumus A.; Tasdemir B.; Kagnici A.; Ay M.; Ay S.A.; Caliskan G.; Akbas T.; Balbay A.O.; Efe S.; Inal V.; Elay G.; Karabacak P.; Ozserezli B.; Senturk E.; Demirkiran O.; Bozbay S.; Dikmen Y.; Erdogan E.; Akker M.; Peker N.; Ozgultekin A.; Serin S.O.; Turan C.; Karaoren G.; Goksu S.; Karakurt S.; Arikan H.; Gul F.; Cinel I.; Kara I.; Undar H.N.; Bayraktar Y.S.; Celik J.B.; Tokur M.E.; Aydin D.T.; Yildiz I.; Ozcan B.; Erdivanli B.; Erdivanli B.; Ozcan B.; Eroglu A.; Akdag D.; Unlu N.; Fielding M.; Dungca A.; Ali A.; Thankamma B.; Reyes P.E.; John S.; Rajendran A.; Ahmad F.K.E.; Smiley K.A.; Hojden S.; Miller M.T.; Das Sasidharan Nair V.; Antonio M.G.S.; Qawasmeh K.A.; Shawish S.A.; Twiggs H.; Rosado I.; Babych V.; Morren F.; Young C.; Vaughan-Jones N.; Harris S.; Burns K.; Georgiev C.; Shayamano R.; Kerslake I.; Creber P.; Vochin A.; O'Brien C.; Caddell P.; Hagan S.; Hughes M.; Torlinski T.; Sherwin J.; Kannan S.; Markham A.; Lebon R.; Cupitt J.; Cranshaw J.; White N.; Marriott V.; Milner W.; Groba C.B.; Azoia J.; Polgarova P.; George S.; Kapoor R.; Lynch C.; Fox N.; Cranmer K.; Fox N.; Llewellym T.; Matthews K.; Maltby L.; Ibao J.; Boulton K.; Jarman R.; Baxter K.; Raj A.S.; Moghal A.; White J.; Barrowcliffe S.; Pulletz M.; Ganeshalingam V.; Baruah R.; Baker H.; Woods J.; Ei P.P.; Ogbeide V.; Hayden P.; Matthews K.; Hughes J.; Balasubramanian M.; Salberg A.; Saha R.; Holmquist D.; Young C.; Derbyshire C.; Smith N.; Stones E.; Ademokun J.; Popescu M.; Legorburo M.S.; North S.; Brett C.; Jaundoo H.; Craig J.; Whiteley S.; Howcroft C.; Wilby L.; Delve P.; Shaw D.; Williams K.; Welters I.D.; McMullen J.; Brett S.; Flores L.; Trueman-Dawkins T.; Templeton M.; Adams J.; Smith C.; Prowle J.; Byers H.; McDonnell A.; Rose B.O.; Reece-Anthony R.; Mendes L.; Vizcaychipi M.; Bull R.; Lacaden G.; Santiago E.; Delgado C.C.; Farnell-Ward S.; Thorpe E.; Somerville J.; Williams A.; Cummings D.; Derrick H.; Brumwell S.; Randell C.; McCann N.; Aves E.; Berry G.; Szakmany T.; Gunter U.; Pulak P.; Sarkar N.; Wright K.; Gomes V.; Jones J.; Palfrey R.; Camsooksai J.; Lewis A.; Eneas A.; Tridente A.; Barr L.; Jovaisa T.; Thomas B.; Parkin E.; Horner D.; Frey C.; Bench S.; Baumber R.; Broadhurst P.; Jackson M.; Williams L.; Clark M.; Paddle J.; Bean S.; Buckley S.; Palfreeman C.; Liu S.; Allison N.; Attwood B.; Parsons P.; Houghton V.; Turner S.J.; Higgins D.; Bielskute E.; Horrigan N.; Jacob R.; Habgood K.; Zaki A.; Collins A.; Lord J.; Ramiro C.; Kubisz-Pudelko A.; Kotze M.; Williams H.; Iovenko I.; Tsarev A.; Zgrzheblovska L.; Briva A.; Mendez G.; Napolitano L.; Teig M.; Lee J.; Rodriguez G.E.; Ben-Jacob T.; Potestio C.; Eng T.; Mahanes D.; Khanna A.; Duggal A.;