1,056 research outputs found
Trends of Social Welfare Systems : From Convergence to Attractiveness, an Exploratory Approach
Trends of Social Welfare Systems : From Convergence to Attractiveness, an Exploratory Approach
Concurrent Segmentation and Localization for Tracking of Surgical Instruments
Real-time instrument tracking is a crucial requirement for various
computer-assisted interventions. In order to overcome problems such as specular
reflections and motion blur, we propose a novel method that takes advantage of
the interdependency between localization and segmentation of the surgical tool.
In particular, we reformulate the 2D instrument pose estimation as heatmap
regression and thereby enable a concurrent, robust and near real-time
regression of both tasks via deep learning. As demonstrated by our experimental
results, this modeling leads to a significantly improved performance than
directly regressing the tool position and allows our method to outperform the
state of the art on a Retinal Microsurgery benchmark and the MICCAI EndoVis
Challenge 2015.Comment: I. Laina and N. Rieke contributed equally to this work. Accepted to
MICCAI 201
Analyses of Shell Increment and Microgrowth Band Formation to Establish Seasonality of Mesolithic Shellfish Collection
Analyses of Shell Increment and Microgrowth Band Formation to Establish Seasonality of Mesolithic Shellfish Collectio
Genomic Transformation of the Picoeukaryote Ostreococcus tauri
Common problems hindering rapid progress in Plant Sciences include cellular, tissue and whole organism complexity, and notably the high level of genomic redundancy affecting simple genetics in higher plants. The novel model organism Ostreococcus tauri is the smallest free-living eukaryote known to date, and possesses a greatly reduced genome size and cellular complexity(1,2), manifested by the presence of just one of most organelles (mitochondrion, chloroplast, golgi stack) per cell, and a genome containing only ~8000 genes. Furthermore, the combination of unicellularity and easy culture provides a platform amenable to chemical biology approaches. Recently, Ostreococcus has been successfully employed to study basic mechanisms underlying circadian timekeeping(3-6). Results from this model organism have impacted not only plant science, but also mammalian biology(7). This example highlights how rapid experimentation in a simple eukaryote from the green lineage can accelerate research in more complex organisms by generating testable hypotheses using methods technically feasible only in this background of reduced complexity. Knowledge of a genome and the possibility to modify genes are essential tools in any model species. Genomic(1), Transcriptomic(8), and Proteomic(9) information for this species is freely available, whereas the previously reported methods(6,10) to genetically transform Ostreococcus are known to few laboratories worldwide. In this article, the experimental methods to genetically transform this novel model organism with an overexpression construct by means of electroporation are outlined in detail, as well as the method of inclusion of transformed cells in low percentage agarose to allow selection of transformed lines originating from a single transformed cell. Following the successful application of Ostreococcus to circadian research, growing interest in Ostreococcus can be expected from diverse research areas within and outside plant sciences, including biotechnological areas. Researchers from a broad range of biological and medical sciences that work on conserved biochemical pathways may consider pursuing research in Ostreococcus, free from the genomic and organismal complexity of larger model species
Could Tree-related Microhabitats (TreMs) be relevant conservation forestry targets and/or biodiversity indicators ?
Presentation of the results of the research carried out in the last five years within the LIFE Project MIPP and of the National Guidelines for the monitoring of the saproxylic beetles: Osmoderma eremita, Lucanus cervus, Cerambyx cerdo, Rosalia alpina and Morimus asper/funereus
Dégradation de données par publication éphémÚre
Le respect de la vie privĂ©e est un droit fondamental mais difficile Ă garantir sur Internet. MalgrĂ© les recommandations des experts, le principe de minimisation des donnĂ©es -- qui exige notamment que les donnĂ©es soient effacĂ©es aussitĂŽt qu'elles ne sont plus strictement nĂ©cessaires (rĂ©tention minimale) -- est rarement appliquĂ©, en raison d'intĂ©rĂȘts divergents entre les hĂ©bergeurs des donnĂ©es personnelles et les utilisateurs. Pour diminuer l'impact de ces divergences, une alternative Ă la rĂ©tention minimale a Ă©tĂ© proposĂ©e, la dĂ©gradation des donnĂ©es : au lieu d'ĂȘtre complĂštement effacĂ©e, une donnĂ©e peut ĂȘtre progressivement dĂ©gradĂ©e vers des Ă©tats moins prĂ©cis qui protĂšgent mieux la vie privĂ©e de l'utilisateur tout en conservant (partiellement) l'utilitĂ© de la donnĂ©e initiale. Cependant, aucune architecture n'existe Ă l'heure actuelle qui garantisse la dĂ©gradation des donnĂ©es sans un gestionnaire de base de donnĂ©es de confiance. En utilisant un systĂšme de publication Ă©phĂ©mĂšre (une donnĂ©e ne peut plus ĂȘtre accĂ©dĂ©e aprĂšs une date d'expiration fixĂ©e Ă l'avance), nous proposons dans ce travail une architecture dĂ©centralisĂ©e qui garantit la dĂ©gradation des donnĂ©es sans aucun acteur de confiance dans le systĂšme
Ecriture des confins et confins de l'Ă©criture dans la Continuation de Perceval par Gerbert
Orchestrated transcription of biological processes in the marine picoeukaryote Ostreococcus exposed to light/dark cycles
Background: Picoeukaryotes represent an important, yet poorly characterized component of marine phytoplankton. The recent genome availability for two species of Ostreococcus and Micromonas has led to the emergence of picophytoplankton comparative genomics. Sequencing has revealed many unexpected features about genome structure and led to several hypotheses on Ostreococcus biology and physiology. Despite the accumulation of genomic data, little is known about gene expression in eukaryotic picophytoplankton.
Results: We have conducted a genome-wide analysis of gene expression in Ostreococcus tauri cells exposed to light/dark cycles (L/D). A Bayesian Fourier Clustering method was implemented to cluster rhythmic genes according to their expression waveform. In a single L/D condition nearly all expressed genes displayed rhythmic patterns of expression. Clusters of genes were associated with the main biological processes such as transcription in the nucleus and the organelles, photosynthesis, DNA replication and mitosis.
Conclusions: Light/Dark time-dependent transcription of the genes involved in the main steps leading to protein synthesis (transcription basic machinery, ribosome biogenesis, translation and aminoacid synthesis) was observed, to an unprecedented extent in eukaryotes, suggesting a major input of transcriptional regulations in Ostreococcus. We propose that the diurnal co-regulation of genes involved in photoprotection, defence against oxidative stress and DNA repair might be an efficient mechanism, which protects cells against photo-damage thereby, contributing to the ability of O. tauri to grow under a wide range of light intensities
Trahison et résurgence de la matiÚre arthurienne dans la trilogie de Michel Rio Merlin, Morgane, Arthur
Michel Rioâs trilogy, Merlin, Morgane, Arthur, revives the story of the Arthurian kingdom, apparently eliminating the supernatural and enigmatic features that characterise the thirteenth-century cycles. However, transformations of the novelistic substance and poetics maintain certain features and preoccupations inherent in the Arthurian literature of the Middle Ages.La trilogie de Michel Rio, Merlin, Morgane, Arthur, reprend lâhistoire du royaume arthurien en Ă©vacuant, apparemment, la dimension merveilleuse et Ă©nigmatique propre aux cycles du XIIIe siĂšcle. Les transformations du support et de la poĂ©tique romanesques rejoignent toutefois, dans le fond, certains traits et certaines prĂ©occupations inhĂ©rentes Ă la littĂ©rature arthurienne du Moyen Ăge
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