Project: hand-made studio

The quantity of talented craftsmen who skillfully create interesting attractive things that make a competition to similar factory products rises every year. Hand-made have separated in single creative direction. Hand-made production is gaining increasing demand among consumers in the domestic market. Despite of this tendency there are precious few shops in Ukraine where buyers could buy only hand-made goods

Project: hand-made studio

The quantity of talented craftsmen who skillfully create interesting attractive things that make a competition to similar factory products rises every year. Hand-made have separated in single creative direction. Hand-made production is gaining increasing demand among consumers in the domestic market. Despite of this tendency there are precious few shops in Ukraine where buyers could buy only hand-made goods

Analytical modelling of wells with inflow control devices.

Inflow Control Devices (ICD) have been successfully used in hundreds of wells around the world during the last decade and are now considered to be a mature well completion technology. This work is dedicated to the methodology of making following three decisions with respect to ICD application: 1. Selection between ICD and Interval Control Valves (ICV), the other advanced completion technology. 2. Identification of whether particular well is likely to benefit from ICD. 3. Quantification of the anticipated positive effect. Design of an advanced completion for a particular field application often includes feasibility studies on both ICV and ICD. The choice between these two technologies is not always obvious and the need for general methodology on making this choice is recognised by the petroleum industry. In this dissertation ICD has been compared against the competing ICV technology with particular emphasis on issues such as uncertainty in the reservoir description, inflow performance and formation permeability. The methodology of selection between ICD and ICV is proposed. The benefits of ICD application can, by and large, be attributed to reduction of the following two effects detrimental to horizontal well performance: Inflow profile skewing by frictional pressure loss along the completion (heel-toe effect). Inflow variation caused by reservoir heterogeneity. Frictional pressure drop along the completion is an important design factor for horizontal wells. It has to be taken into account in order to secure optimum reservoir drainage and avoid overestimation of well productivity. Many authors have previously addressed various aspects of this problem, but an explicit analytical solution for turbulent flow in wellbore has not so far been published. This dissertation presents such a solution based on the same assumptions as those of previous researchers. New method to quantify the reduction of inflow imbalance caused by the frictional pressure loss along a horizontal completion is proposed. The equation describing this phenomenon in homogeneous reservoir is derived and two solutions presented: an analytical approximation and a more precise numerical solution. Mathematical model for effective reduction of the inflow imbalance caused by the reservoir heterogeneity is also presented. The trade-off between well productivity and inflow equalisation is a key engineering issue when applying ICD technology. Presented solutions quantitatively addresses this issue. Their practical utility is illustrated through case studies

STATE SUPPORT IN PHYSICAL INFRASTRUCTURE UPDATING OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES

The basic constituents of state support of technical update of agriculture of Ukraine are considered in the article. The dynamics of expenses of the state budget on agriculture and the structure of basic market levers of state support of physical infrastructure of agricultural enterprises: financial leasing, partial indemnification of domestic agricultural machinery and reduction of prices for credits has been analyzed. Monitoring of current problems of granting and the ways of improvement of mechanism of state support have been offered. No doubt that the proper support from the side of the state is the motive force in activation of the process of technical update of agricultural enterprises.The basic constituents of state support of technical update of agriculture of Ukraine are considered in the article. The dynamics of expenses of the state budget on agriculture and the structure of basic market levers of state support of physical infrastructure of agricultural enterprises: financial leasing, partial indemnification of domestic agricultural machinery and reduction of prices for credits has been analyzed. Monitoring of current problems of granting and the ways of improvement of mechanism of state support have been offered. No doubt that the proper support from the side of the state is the motive force in activation of the process of technical update of agricultural enterprises

Improvement of the manufacturing method of semi-finished fruit and vegetables of a high degree of readiness

The method of production of concentrated fruit and vegeTable semi-finished product based on apples, Jerusalem artichoke and quince has been improved. Selected components of plant raw materials are chosen due to the presence of such useful substances as pectins, vitamins, minerals, etc. The obtained semi-finished products of a high degree of readiness are semi-finished products with a natural nutrient composition. A feature of the proposed method is the use of low-temperature modes of concentration and drying of raw materials. For the developed method, the hardware set of the line with the use of advanced thermal equipment was selected. Chopped raw materials are blanched in a universal multifunctional device: apple and Jerusalem artichoke in a steam environment (103 °C and 108 °C) for 4 and 8 minutes. Quince is blanched under conditions of pre-exposure in a 0.1 % solution of citric acid in an aqueous medium at a temperature of 75...80 °C (4...8 min.). Concentration to a pasty state takes place in the improved design of the rotary-film apparatus with a reduced processing time of 0.75...1.25 s to a DM content of 28...30 %. To obtain a powdery state, a cylindrical IR dryer was used for drying to the final moisture content at the level of 4...6 % DM. It is also possible to dry the extracts formed after wiping the raw materials to a final moisture content of 10...13 % DM in an IR dryer. The use of low-temperature regimes in the range of 45...60 oC helps to obtain high-quality semi-finished products with maximum preservation of the initial properties of raw materials. By means of organoleptic evaluation, the best experimental sample with the content of blend components was found: apple 40 %; Jerusalem artichoke 35 %; quince 25 %. Developed semi-finished products are additives or fillers in various food products to improve their nutritional valu

Fast Diffusion Process in Quenched hcp Dilute Solid 3^3He-4^4He Mixture

The study of phase structure of dilute $^3$He - $^4$He solid mixture of different quality is performed by spin echo NMR technique. The diffusion coefficient is determined for each coexistent phase. Two diffusion processes are observed in rapidly quenched (non-equilibrium) hcp samples: the first process has a diffusion coefficient corresponding to hcp phase, the second one has huge diffusion coefficient corresponding to liquid phase. That is evidence of liquid-like inclusions formation during fast crystal growing. It is established that these inclusions disappear in equilibrium crystals after careful annealing.Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures, QFS200

Дослідження процесу багаторівневого управління виробничою діяльністю підприємства з урахуванням ризиків

The study considers the process of management of the production activity of an enterprise during a certain interval of time. It takes into account components of the production process and an influence of various production and external factors, including risks. We developed the content and a formulation of the problem of a multi-level process of management of the production activity of an enterprise in the presence of risks. Multi-level management involves a use of two levels of management based on the proposed stages. It involves formation of a set of alternatives to possible levels of management and contains output product volumes. Also, formation of a set of replenishment of material, labor resources and investment resources (second level of management). We developed the method based on the construction of sets of areas of reach taking into account risks. On the basis of its application, we proposed the solution of the discrete optimization problem with a help of minimax. The established optimal management provides a guaranteed result for a solution to the problem of the process of management of production activities of an enterprise under the influence of any risks from a set of permissible ones. At the same time, we reduced the complex problem of dynamic optimization of multi-level management with the consideration of risks to the realization of a finite sequence of one-step problems of discrete optimization. The results of the practical application of the proposed method make possible to increase the efficiency of management of the production activity of an enterprise at the expense of optimum volumes of production, reduction of expenses for replenishment of resources, and also reduction of negative influence of risks.Решена задача динамической оптимизации многоуровневого управления с учетом рисков путем сведения к реализации решений конечного числа задач линейного и выпуклого математического программирования, а также конечного числа задач дискретной оптимизации. Предложен метод на основе построения множеств достижимости. Это дает гарантированный результат управления при влиянии каких-либо возможных рисков из определенного множестваВирішено задачу динамічної оптимізації багаторівневого управління з урахуванням ризиків шляхом зведення до реалізації розв'язків скінченного числа задач лінійного й опуклого математичного програмування, а також скінченного числа задач дискретної оптимізації. Запропоновано метод на основі побудови множин досяжності. Це дає можливість отримати гарантований результат управління при впливі будь-яких можливих ризиків із визначеної множин

NMR Study of Disordered Inclusions in the Quenched Solid Helium

Phase structure of rapidly quenched solid helium samples is studied by the NMR technique. The pulse NMR method is used for measurements of spin-lattice $T_1$ and spin-spin $T_2$ relaxation times and spin diffusion coefficient $D$ for all coexisting phases. It was found that quenched samples are two-phase systems consisting of the hcp matrix and some inclusions which are characterized by $D$ and $T_2$ values close to those in liquid phase. Such liquid-like inclusions undergo a spontaneous transition to a new state with anomalously short $T_2$ times. It is found that inclusions observed in both the states disappear on careful annealing near the melting curve. It is assumed that the liquid-like inclusions transform into a new state - a glass or a crystal with a large number of dislocations. These disordered inclusions may be responsible for the anomalous phenomena observed in supersolid region.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure