Génératrice à réluctance variable connectée au réseau alternatif monophasé pour une application éolienne

Nous avons présenté dans ce travail le contrôle de la Génératrice à Réluctance Variable (GRV) connectée au réseau alternatif monophasé pour une application éolienne. La régulation de la vitesse de rotation est assurée par le convertisseur coté génératrice et le couple est imposé par la machine à courant continu utilisée ici pour simuler la turbine éolienne. La connexion de la génératrice au réseau est réalisée par un convertisseur DC-AC qui assure le maintien de la tension du bus DC par un correcteur PI. Un correcteur résonant est utilisé pour suivre la consigne de courant sinusoïdale.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Optimizations for real-time implementation of H264/AVC video encoder on DSP processor

International audienceReal-time H.264/AVC high definition video encoding represents a challenging workload to most existing programmable processors. The new technologies of programmable processors such as Graphic Processor Unit (GPU) and multicore Digital signal Processor (DSP) offer a very promising solution to overcome these constraints. In this paper, an optimized implementation of H264/AVC video encoder on a single core among the six cores of TMS320C6472 DSP for Common Intermediate Format (CIF) (352x288) resolution is presented in order to move afterwards to a multicore implementation for standard and high definitions (SD,HD).Algorithmic optimization is applied to the intra prediction module to reduce the computational time. Furthermore, based on the DSP architectural features, various structural and hardware optimizations are adopted to minimize external memory access. The parallelism between CPU processing and data transfers is fully exploited using an Enhanced Direct Memory Access controller (EDMA). Experimental results show that the whole proposed optimizations, on a single core running at 700 MHz for CIF resolution, improve the encoding speed by up to 42.91%. They allow reaching the real-time encoding 25 f/s without inducing any Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) degradation or bit-rate increase and make possible to achieve real time implementation for SD and HD resolutions when exploiting multicore features

Cystic fibrosis in Tunisian children: a review of 32 children

Background: Cystic fibrosis is rare in Tunisia.Its diagnosis requires experienced specialists. Its prognosis is poor in developing countries.Objectives: To study the epidemiologic, clinical, genetic features and the therapeutic challenges of cystic fibrosis in Tunisian children.Methods: Covering a period of 21 years, this retrospective study included all patients with a definite diagnosis of cystic fibrosis from the Pediatrics Department B of The Children’s Hospital of Tunis.Results: Data from 32 children (14 boys and 18 girls) were collected. The diagnosis was made during the first year of life in 28 cases. Meconium ileus was found in 5 cases, respiratory manifestations in 22 cases, chronic diarrhea in 19 cases, faltering growth in 17 cases and a pseudo Barter syndrome in 2 cases. The sweat chloride test was positive in all cases. The most frequent mutation was F508del (56% of cases). Respiratory complications marked the outcome. Among our 32 patients, 15 patients (50%) died at an average age of 5 years and 3 months, mainly due to respiratory failure. The mean age of the surviving patients was 5 years.Conclusion: Cystic fibrosis prognosis is poor in our series compared to developed countries due to the longer diagnostic delay and the limited therapeutic options.Keywords: Cystic fibrosis, children, Tunisia

Cystic fibrosis in Tunisian children: a review of 32 children

Background: Cystic fibrosis is rare in Tunisia.Its diagnosis requires experienced specialists. Its prognosis is poor in developing countries. Objectives: To study the epidemiologic, clinical, genetic features and the therapeutic challenges of cystic fibrosis in Tunisian children. Methods: Covering a period of 21 years, this retrospective study included all patients with a definite diagnosis of cystic fibrosis from the Pediatrics Department B of The Children\u2019s Hospital of Tunis. Results: Data from 32 children (14 boys and 18 girls) were collected. The diagnosis was made during the first year of life in 28 cases. Meconium ileus was found in 5 cases, respiratory manifestations in 22 cases, chronic diarrhea in 19 cases, faltering growth in 17 cases and a pseudo Barter syndrome in 2 cases. The sweat chloride test was positive in all cases. The most frequent mutation was F508del (56% of cases). Respiratory complications marked the outcome. Among our 32 patients, 15 patients (50%) died at an average age of 5 years and 3 months, mainly due to respiratory failure. The mean age of the surviving patients was 5 years. Conclusion: Cystic fibrosis prognosis is poor in our series compared to developed countries due to the longer diagnostic delay and the limited therapeutic options

Contribution of FPGA-based System-on-Chip controllers for embedded AC drive applications

La conception des systèmes de contrôle embarqués devient de plus en plus complexe en raison des algorithmes utilisés, de l'augmentation des besoins industriels et de la nature des domaines d'applications. Une façon de gérer cette complexité est de concevoir les contrôleurs correspondant en se basant sur des plateformes numériques puissantes et ouvertes. Plus précisément, cette thèse s'intéresse à l'utilisation des plateformes FPGA System-on-Chip (SoC) pour la mise en œuvre des algorithmes d'entraînement électrique pour des applications avioniques. Ces dernières sont caractérisées par des difficultés techniques telles que leur environnement de travail (pression, température élevée) et les exigences de performance (le haut degré d'intégration, la flexibilité). Durant cette thèse, l'auteur a contribué à concevoir et à tester un contrôleur numérique pour un variateur de vitesse synchrone qui doit fonctionner à 200 °C de température ambiante. Il s'agit d'une commande par flux orienté (FOC) pour une Machine Synchrone à Aimants Permanents (MSAP) associée à un capteur de type résolveur. Une méthode de conception et de validation a été proposée et testée en utilisant une carte FPGA ProAsicPlus de la société Actel/Microsemi. L'impact de la température sur la fréquence de fonctionnement a également été analysé. Un état de l'art des technologies basées sur les SoC sur FPGA a été également présenté. Une description détaillée des plateformes numériques récentes et les contraintes en lien avec les applications embarquées a été également fourni. Ainsi, l'intérêt d'une approche basée sur SoC pour des applications d'entrainements électriques a été démontré. D'un autre coté et pour profiter pleinement des avantages offertes par les SoC, une méthodologie de Co-conception matériel-logiciel (hardware-software (HW-SW)) pour le contrôle d'entraînement électrique a été proposée. Cette méthode couvre l'ensemble des étapes de développement de l'application de contrôle à partir des spécifications jusqu'à la validation expérimentale. Une des principales étapes de cette méthode est le partitionnement HW-SW. Le but est de trouver une combinaison optimale entre les modules à mettre en œuvre dans la partie logiciel et celles qui doivent être mis en œuvre dans la partie matériel. Ce problème d'optimisation multi-objectif a été réalisé en utilisant l'algorithme de génétique, Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). Ainsi, un Front de Pareto des solutions optimales peut être déduit. L'illustration de la méthodologie proposée a été effectuée en se basant sur l'exemple du régulateur de vitesse sans capteur utilisant le filtre de Kalman étendu (EKF). Le choix de cet exemple correspond à une tendance majeure dans le domaine des contrôleurs embraqués pour entrainements électriques. Par ailleurs, la gestion de l'architecture du contrôleur embarqué basée sur une approche SoC a été effectuée en utilisant un système d'exploitation temps réel. Afin d'accélérer les services de ce système d'exploitation, une unité temps réel a été développée en VHDL et associée au système d'exploitation. Il s'agit de placer les services d'ordonnanceur et des processus de communication du système d'exploitation logiciel au matériel. Ceci a permis une accélération significative du traitement. La validation expérimentale d'un contrôleur du courant a été effectuée en utilisant un banc de test du laboratoire. Les résultats obtenus prouvent l'intérêt de l'approche proposée.Designing embedded control systems becomes increasingly complex due to the growing of algorithm complexity, the rising of industrials requirements and the nature of application domains. One way to handle with this complexity is to design the corresponding controllers on performing powerful and open digital platforms. More specifically, this PhD deals with the use of FPGA System-on-Chip (SoC) platforms for the implementation of complex AC drive controllers for avionic applications. These latters are characterized by stringent technical issues such as environment conditions (pressure, high temperature) and high performance requirements (high integration, flexibility and efficiency). During this thesis, the author has contributed to design and to test a digital controller for a high temperature synchronous drive that must operate at 200°C ambient. It consists on the Flux Oriented Controller (FOC) for a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSM) associated with a Resolver sensor. A design and validation method has been proposed and tested using a FPGA ProAsicPlus board from Actel-Microsemi Company. The impact of the temperature on the operating frequency has been also analyzed. A state of the art FPGA SoC technology has been also presented. A detailed description of the recent digital platforms and constraints in link with embedded applications was investigated. Thus, the interest of a SoC-based approach for AC drives applications was also established. Additionally and to have full advantages of a SoC based approach, an appropriate HW-SW Co-design methodology for electrical AC drive has been proposed. This method covers the whole development steps of the control application from the specifications to the final experimental validation. One of the main important steps of this method is the HW-SW partitioning. The goal is to find an optimal combination between modules to be implemented in software and those to be implemented in hardware. This multi-objective optimization problem was performed with the Non-Dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm (NSGA-II). Thus, the Pareto-Front of optimal solution can be deduced. The illustration of the proposed Co-design methodology was made based on the sensorless speed controller using the Extended Kalman Filter (EKF). The choice of this benchmark corresponds to a major trend in embedded control of AC drives. Besides, the management of SoC-based architecture of the embedded controller was allowed using an efficient Real-Time Operating System (RTOS). To accelerate the services of this operating system, a Real-Time Unit (RTU) was developed in VHDL and associated to the RTOS. It consists in hardware operating system that moves the scheduling and communication process from software RTOS to hardware. Thus, a significant acceleration has been achieved. The experimentation tests based on digital current controller were also carried out using a laboratory set-up. The obtained results prove the interest of the proposed approach

Enhanced Direct Instantaneous Torque Control of Switched Reluctance Machine with Phase Current Limitation

International audienceIn this work, an Enhanced Direct Instantaneous Torque Control (EDITC)of a Switched Reluctance Machine is explored. The main issue of regular direct instantaneous torque control (DITC) is that the current is measured but not controlled. Therefore, a new algorithm for hysteresis-controller was provided which included additional feature such as current limiter. Several simulations are presented which validates our controller over wide range of speed and torque

Modeling and Robust Closed Loop Position Controllers of Piezoelectric Actuator Drive (PAD)

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Real time implementation of H-infinity and RST motion control of rotary traveling wave ultrasonic motor

International audienceThis paper deals with design, performances comparison and experimental validation of H-infinity (H∞) and discrete time RST position controllers for a Traveling Wave Ultrasonic Motor (TWUM) which is dedicated to robotic applications. The proposed positioning system shows high precision levels of piezoelectric motor without additional hysteresis and dead zone compensation systems. Moreover, the perturbation rejection capability and the robustness to motor parameters variation are guaranteed. The synthesis procedure of robust H∞ and RST position controllers is detailed. The performances of the proposed controllers are validated by simulation and experimental results

Modeling and RST position control of Rotary Traveling Wave Ultrasonic Motor

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