55 research outputs found

    The Effect of Enamel Etching with Different Acids on the Bond Strength of Brackets

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    The purpose of this study was to compare the bond strengths of metallic brackets on human enamel etched with different acid solutions including (1) 37% phosphoric acid, (2) 10% maleic acid, (3) 37% phosphoric acid with i.23% NaF addition, (4) 10% maleic acid with 1.23% NaF addition to reveal if this caries prevention modalities adversely affect the clinical success of bonding procedure. All the groups had stainless steel brackets bonded to the buccal surface of each tooth with no-mix adhesive. An Instron testine machine was used to determine tensile bond strengths. The mean bond strength values of the groups were as follows: phosphoric acid group 9.17 ± 4.59 MPa; maleic acid group 8.46 ± 3.89 MPa; NaF added phosphoric acid group 2.33 ±2.19 MPa; NaF added maleic acid group 2.02 ± 1.43 MPa. The statistical analysis was done by an analysis of variance and Duncan multiple range tests. Bond strengths that the two “only acid” groups yie fded were significantly higher than NaF added groups (P0.05). The current findings indicate that 10% maleic acid alone may produce similar bond strengths to 37% phosphoric acid however, 1.23% NaF addition to either phosphoric or maleic acids to increase caries resistance results in significantly lower bond strengths and should not be advocated for clinical use as an enamel conditioner

    The effectiveness of electro-acupuncture in ovarian ischemia reperfusion injury

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    Electro-acupuncture is widely used in gynecology. Adnexal torsion is an important threat to ovarian reserves in women of reproductive age. This is the first study to investigate whether electro-acupuncture is beneficial in protecting ovarian reserves in case of adnexal torsion resulting in reperfusion injury. Thirty-two female Wistar Albino rats were randomized into four groups: the first group-sham operation, the second group-torsion/detorsion model, the third group-pre-acupunture + torsion/detorsion + post-acupuncture, and the fourth group-torsion/detorsion + post-acupuncture. The acupoints used were CV4 and bilateral SP6, Ex-CA1, Kid3, and ST36. In the third group, the acupoints were needled for two weeks before torsion, continuing for a further two weeks after torsion. In the fourth group, needling began after torsion and was maintained for two weeks. Both histological and biochemical parameters indicating ovarian reserves showed that electro-acupuncture applied to the above points exhibited an ameliorating effect on ovaries injured during ischemia/reperfusion. Electro-acupuncture may be capable of protecting against and preventing ischemia/reperfusion injury in case of ovarian torsion

    Hemiplejik serebral palsili çocukların üst ekstremitelerinin sağlam tarafı da gelişim geriliği gösterir

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    Amaç: Çalışmamızda çocuklarda hemiplejik serebral palsi’nin HSP neden olduğu üst ekstremite gelişim geriliğinin antropometrik yöntemlerle incelenmesi amaçlandı. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmamızda Etik Kurul onayı alınarak 5-12 yaşlarındaki 32 HSP’li çocuk ile 40 normal çocuğun üst ekstremiteleri antropometrik set ile ölçülerek karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: HSP’li çocukların sağlam taraf omuz eklemi, kol, dirsek eklemi, ön kol ve el bilek eklemi çevresi; üst ekstremite, kol, ön kol, el ve el ayası uzunluğu; dirsek eklemi, el bilek eklemi ve el genişliği değerleri HSP’li çocukların plejik tarafına göre anlamlı derecede fazlaydı. Normal çocukların omuz eklemi, kol, dirsek eklemi, ön kol ve el bilek eklemi çevresi; üst ekstremite, kol, ön kol, el ve el ayası uzunluğu; dirsek eklemi, el bilek eklemi ve el genişliği değerleri HSP’li çocukların plejik taraf ölçümlerine göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Normal çocukların dirsek eklemi ve ön kol çevresi; el ve el ayası uzunluğu; dirsek eklemi, el bilek eklemi ve el metakarpallerden genişliği değerleri HSP’li çocukların sağlam tarafına göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti. Sonuç: Antropometrik ölçümler HSP’li çocukların plejik taraf üst ekstremitelerinin sağlam tarafa göre, normal çocuklarla karşılaştırdığımızda ise hem plejik hem de sağlam taraflarının daha az geliştiğini göstermektedir. HSP’li çocukların az gelişmiş plejik taraflarını kullanamamaları günlük yaşam aktivitelerini de kısıtlayarak sağlam tarafta da kas ve kemik gelişim geriliğine sebep olmaktadır. Erken teşhis ve rehabilitasyon ile bu fark azaltılabili

    MTHFR C677T mutasyonunun neden olduğu süperior mezenterik ven trombozu

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    Amaç: Akut süperior mezenterik ven trombozu, tüm mezenterik iskemik olayların yaklaşık % 5 -15’ini oluşturan nadir görülen bir intestinal iskemi nedenidir. Bu yazıda süperior mezenterik ven trombozu gelişen kalıtsal trombofilili 2 hastanın sunulması amaçlanmıştır. Olgu sunumu: Otuz bir ve 51 yaşında iki hastaya akut batın, mezenter iskemi nedeni ile laparotomi ve ince barsak rezeksiyonu yapıldı. Genetik incelemede her iki hastada homozigot MTHFR C677-T mutasyonu saptandı. Ameliyat sonrası dönem sorunsuz geçen hastalar 10. ve 12. günde taburcu edildi. Sonuç: Akut süperior mezenterik ven trombozu mortalitesi yüksek olan ciddi bir sağlık problemidir. Doğru tanı koyabilmek için hastalıktan şüphelenmek oldukça önemlidir. Nekroz varlığında acil eksplorasyon ve nekrotik dokuların rezeksiyonu gerekmektedir. Trombofilili hastalar tanınmalı ve uzun dönem antikoagülan kullanımı planı yapılmalıdı

    Aorta abdominalis ve dallari: Otopsi olgularında morfometri ve varyasyonları]

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    Aim: Knowing the morphology of abdominal aorta (AA) and its branches are important as regards to diagnosis and surgical treatment. The aims of this study were to a) make morphometric measurements of AA and its branches, b) to investigate sites of the origins of the branches and their relationships and variations, and c) to compare the results with literature.Method: Ninety-five AA which had been removed in autopsies were measured with caliper morphometrically to determine diameters of branches and distances between branches. Possible variation of the vessels were investigated and photographed.Result: It was found that diameters of celiac trunk (CT), superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) were 6.43±1.59 mm, 7.38±1.67 mm and 3.61±0.72 mm respectively. The distances between CT and aortic bifurcation (AB), CT and SMA, SMA and IMA, IMA and AB were 107.21±11.46 mm, 14.34±2.67 mm, 57.76±8.04 mm, 35.20±7.41 mm respectively. Numerous variations were observed during the study. These variations involved inferior phrenic artery (single trunk arising from CT, 4.2%), renal artery-RA (duplicated right RA 9.5%, duplicated left RA 4.2%, bilaterally duplicated 3.1%, %16.8 total multiple RA), gonadal arteries-GA (single GA, 1%), lumbar arteries-LA (3 pairs of LA 11.5%, 3rd or 4th LA arising as single trunk 3.1%) and median sacral artery (agenesis 2.1%). Conclusion: Knowledge of morphology of AA and its branches is important in regards to the diagnosis, surgical treatment and endovascular interventions of these vessels. We think our study will contribute to the medical education and clinical medicine in our country

    Penetrating anterior abdominal stab injury

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    AMAÇ: Acil cerrahi servislerinde sık karşılaşılan karına penetre delici kesici alet yaralanmalarında (DKAY) tedavi yaklaşımı, zaman içinde rutin eksploratis laparotomiden selektif konservatif yaklaşıma doğru değişim göstermiştir. Konservatif yaklaşımda fizik muayene, laboratuar ve görüntüleme sonuçlarına göre laparotomi kararı verilir. Çalışmamızın amacı karın anterior bölgesine penetre DKAY'lı hastalarımızın takip ve tedavi sonuçlarının irdelenmesidir. YÖNTEMLER: Nisan 2009 - Kasım 2011 tarihleri arasında karın anterior bölgesine penetre DKAY' sı olan ve acil cerrahi ünitesine başvuran hastalar prospektif olarak incelendi. Hemodinamisi stabil, akut karın bulguları olmayan hastalar konservatif tedaviye alınırken, hemodinamisi instabil ve/veya akut karın bulguları olan hastalara acil laparotomi yapıldı. Yaralanmanın lokalizasyonu, zamanlaması (acil,erken,geç), laparotomi bulguları (terapötik,nonterapötik,negatif) ve tedavi sonuçları değerlendirildi. BULGULAR: Toplam 85 hasta çalışmaya dahil edildi. İlk değerlendirme sonucunda hemodinamisi stabil olan ve peritonit bulguları olmayan 80 hasta konservatif tedaviye (grup 1) alınırken, 5 hastaya acil laparotomi (grup 2) uygulandı. Grup 1'de 11 hastaya erken, 5 hastaya geç dönemde laparotomi yapıldı. Bu grupda ki hastaların 13'ünde laparotomi terapötik, 2'sinde nonterapötik ve 1'inde negatif idi. Grup 2'de laparotomi endikasyonları; 3 hastada akut batın, 1 hastada hemodinamik instabilite ve 1 hastada organ eviserasyonu idi. Bu grup da 4 terapötik, 1 negatif laparotomi yapılırken bir hasta peroperatif exitus oldu. SONUÇ: Bu çalışmada 64 hastaya (% 75) konservatif tedavi, 21 hastaya (% 25) laparotomi uygulandı. Laparotomilerin; 17'si (% 80) terapötik, 2'si (%10) nonterapötik ve 2'si (%10) negatif idi. Klinik takip ve tanı metodlarının birlikte kullanımı gereksiz laparotomi oranlarını azaltmaktadır. OBJECTIVE: Penetrating anterior abdominal stab injuries (PAASI), frequently encountered in Emergency Unit and traditionally managed with mandatory laparotomy, are nowadays managed conservatively. The decision of laparotomy is based on physical examination, laboratory and imaging results during follow-up. The purpose of this study was to analyze the outcome of patients with PAASI. METHODS: From April 2009 to November 2011, patients with diagnosis of PAASI admitted in Emergency Unit were prospectively included in the study. While hemodinamically stable patients without signs of peritonitis were managed conservatively, unstable and/or patients with signs of peritonitis underwent emergency laparotomy. Location of the injury, type of management (emergency, early, late), laparotomy findings (therapeutic, non-therapeutic, negative), and treatment results were analyzed. RESULTS: Totally 85 patients were included in the study. Hemodynamically stable 80 patients without signs of peritonitis were treated conservatively (group 1), while emergency laparotomy was performed in 5 patients (group 2). In group 1, early laparotomy was performed in 11 patients and late laparotomy in 5 patients. Totally 13 therapeutic, 2 nontherapeutic and 1 negative laparotomy were performed. In Group 2, the indications for laparotomy were acute abdomen (n=3), hemodynamic instability (n=1), and organ evisceration (n=1). Group 2 included 4 therapeutic, 1 negative laparotomy and in this group 1 patient died intraoperatively. CONCLUSION: In this study, 64 patients (75%) were managed conservatively, whereas 21 patients (25%) underwent laparotomy, including 17 therapeutic (80%), 2 nontherapeutic (% 10) and 2 negative (10%). Clinical follow-up and use of diagnostic methods decrease the rate of unnecessary laparotomy

    Comparison of body fat percentage measured by bioelectrical ımpedance analysis and anthropometric methods

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    Amaç: Biyoelektrik empedans analiz (BEA) yöntemiyle ölçülen “vücut yağ yüzdesi” (VYY) ile skinfold deri kıvrım kalınlığı ölçüm ve hesaplama yöntemleriyle bulunan vücut yağ yüzdelerini karşılaştırmaktır. Gereç ve yöntem: Çalışmaya 18-60 yaş arası 90 kadın ve 18¬55 yaş arası 90 erkek olmak üzere toplam 180 katılımcı alındı ve iki yöntemle VYY ölçümleri yapıldı. Katılımcıların ilk ola¬rak BEA yöntemiyle (Bodystat 1500) VYY ölçüldü. Kişi sırt üstü yatar pozisyondayken cihazın elektrotları sağ el ve sağ ayağa yerleştirilerek VYY ölçümü gerçekleştirildi. İkinci ola¬rak antropometrik yöntemler uygulandı. Skinfold aletiyle (Holtain) ölçülen deri kıvrım kalınlığından hesaplama yön¬temleri ile VYY saptandı. Skinfold aleti ile karın (abdomen), kol (triceps), uyluk (thigh) ve sırt (subscapular) deri kıvrım kalınlığı ölçümleri yapıldı. Kadın ve erkeklerde uygulanan Behnke VVilmore, Dumin Womersley formülleri kullanılarak, deri kıvrım kalınlığı ölçümlerinden vücut yoğunlukları hesap¬landı. Bulunan vücut yoğunluklarından Siri veya Brozek for¬mülleri ile katılımcılara ait VYY hesaplandı. Farklı yöntem¬lerle bulunan VYY ölçümleri arasında Pearson korelasyon analizi uygulandı. Bulgular: Vücut kitle indeksi (BMI) ortalaması kadınlar (25.8±6.0) ile erkekler (24.2±3.3) arasında farklı değildi (p=0.27). Katılımcılarda ortalama VYY biyoelektrik empe¬dans analiz yöntemiyle 21.8±10.9, Behnke Wilmore ile 23.0±8.6, Dumin Womersley ile 23.6±6.9 bulundu. BEA ile Behnke VVilmore arasında (r= 0.835, p<0.001), BEA ile Dumin VVomersley arasında (r=0.777, p<0.001) ve Behnke VVilmore ile Dumin VVomersley arasında (r=0.935, p<0.001) çok iyi korelasyon olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: BEA yöntemiyle VYY ölçümü, skinfold ölçümleri kullanılarak Behnke VVilmore veya Dumin VVomersley formülüyle hesaplanan VYY ölçümleri yerine kullanılabileceği söylenebilir.Objective: The aim of this study was compari¬son of body fat percentages measured by bioelectrical imped¬ance analysis (BIA) and skinfold thicknesses methods. Material and Methods: A total of 180 people, 90 females (18-60 years old) and 90 males (18-55 years old), were in¬cluded in the study. Body fat percentage was measured by two methods: BIA and anthropometric methods. First meas¬urements were done using BIA (Bodystat 1500) method as follows; people who participated in this study were asked to lie on supine position, and then the electrodes of BIA device were placed on the right hand and foot to take the measure¬ment for body fat percentage. The measurements were taken and recorded for each person. Secondly, body fat percentage was measured by anthropometric methods. Thickness of ab¬domen, triceps, thigh, subscapular skinfold were measured by Skinfold caliper (Floltain). Body density was estimated using Behnke VVilmore and Dumin Womersley equations based on the skinfold measurements. Body fat percentage was esti¬mated with Siri or Brozek equations using the body density values obtained. The results were analyzed statistically by Pearson’s correlation. Results: Mean body mass index (BMI) was not different between women (25.8±6.0) and men (24.2±3.3) (p=0.27). The mean values for body fat percentage were found as 21.8± 10.9, 23.0±8.6, 23.6±6.9 by BIA, Behnke Wilmore and Dumin Womersley respectively. Strong correlations were observed between the body fat percentage values obtained by BIA and Behnke Wilmore (r= 0.835, p<0.001), BIA and Dumin Womersley (r=0.777, p<0.001), Behnke Wilmore and Dumin Womersley (r=0.935, p<0.001). Conclusion: Our data suggest that BIA method can be used for the estimation of body fat percentage instead of Behnke Wilmore and Dumin Womersley equations based on skinfold measurements

    Traditional Practices of Turkish Mothers at Breast Engorgment during Postpartum Period

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    Purpose: The study aims to assess the traditional practices resorted by mothers to treat breast engorgement. Methods: The sample of this descriptive study consisted of 150 mothers who live in the east of Turkey and have 0-6 month old baby. Mothers were selected with the purposive sampling method. Questionnaire developed by researchers was used for data collection. Data obtained using face-to-face interview technique were analyzed in SPSS software using numbers and percentages. Results: Of the mothers, 83.6% stated that they did not receive a breast care counselling before the birth, 69.4% had c-section delivery, 60.0% had breast problems in the postpartum period, and the majority had applied traditional methods to cope with these problems. Among these methods, lansolin pomade was the most frequently used method (24.8%), followed by the excess milk removal by pump or manually (21.9%), applying her own milk on nipples (12.4%), olive oil application (11.4%), warm water application (9.5%), and almond/walnut oil application (5.7%). Discussion: The majority of the mothers has had breast engorgement problems during the postpartum period, and the majority has applied traditional practices to treat these problems

    Transmural Migration of a Retained Sponge Through the Rectum: A Case Report

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    Retained surgical sponge in the abdomen following abdominal and pelvic surgery is an uncommon condition. Here we present a case of retained surgical sponge with unusual presenting symptoms. A 27-year old female patient presented to our department with a foreign body localized in the anal region. She had a past history of a myomectomy 1 year earlier. Clinical examination and radiographic workout revealaed a sponge migrating towards the rectum. The sponge was removed under visual guidance of rectoscopy without laparotomy. The patient was discharged without complications
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