dvdres-dec-2017-00190-Supplementary_File – Supplemental material for Elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 predict outcome after acute myocardial infarction: A long-term follow-up of the glucose tolerance in patients with acute myocardial infarction (GAMI) cohort

<p>Supplemental material, dvdres-dec-2017-00190-Supplementary_File for Elevated levels of insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 predict outcome after acute myocardial infarction: A long-term follow-up of the glucose tolerance in patients with acute myocardial infarction (GAMI) cohort by Viveca Ritsinger, Kerstin Brismar, Linda Mellbin, Per Näsman, Lars Rydén, Stefan Söderberg and Anna Norhammar in Diabetes & Vascular Disease Research</p

Biomarkers related to smoking and gender of MI patients and non-MI subjects.

<p>Significance of the differences calculated with Mann-Whitney´s U test.</p><p>Biomarkers related to smoking and gender of MI patients and non-MI subjects.</p

Median and interquartile range (IQR) of pro- and active forms of MMP-8 between MI patients and non-MI subjects.

<p>au = arbitrary unit.</p><p>Median and interquartile range (IQR) of pro- and active forms of MMP-8 between MI patients and non-MI subjects.</p

Biomarkers related to smoking and gender of MI patients and non-MI subjects.

<p>Significance of the differences calculated with Mann-Whitney´s U test.</p><p>Biomarkers related to smoking and gender of MI patients and non-MI subjects.</p

Characteristics of the study population.

<p>ACEI = angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, IQR = Interquartile range, BOP = bleeding on probing, PPD = probing pocket depth. Significance of the differences calculated with Students t-test (age), Chi 2 or Mann-Whitney´s U test.</p><p>Characteristics of the study population.</p

The mean levels of MMP-8, -9, MPO, TIMP-1 and the ratios of MMP-8 and -9/TIMP-1 in stimulated saliva from MI and non-MI subjects.

<p><i>p</i>1 indicates significance of the differences after a bivariate comparison. <i>p</i>2 indicates the significance after compensation for differences in smoking, BOP, PPD 4–5 mm and PPD ≥ 6 mm.</p><p>The mean levels of MMP-8, -9, MPO, TIMP-1 and the ratios of MMP-8 and -9/TIMP-1 in stimulated saliva from MI and non-MI subjects.</p

Rates of myocardial infarction and stroke in patients initiating treatment with SGLT2-inhibitors versus other glucose-lowering agents in real-world clinical practice: Results from the CVD-REAL study.

The multinational, observational CVD-REAL study recently showed that initiation of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) was associated with significantly lower rates of death and heart failure vs other glucose-lowering drugs (oGLDs). This sub-analysis of the CVD-REAL study sought to determine the association between initiation of SGLT-2i vs oGLDs and rates of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke. Medical records, claims and national registers from the USA, Sweden, Norway and Denmark were used to identify patients with T2D who newly initiated treatment with SGLT-2i (canagliflozin, dapagliflozin or empagliflozin) or oGLDs. A non-parsimonious propensity score was developed within each country to predict initiation of SGLT-2i, and patients were matched 1:1 in the treatment groups. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs were generated using Cox regression models. Overall, 205 160 patients were included. In the intent-to-treat analysis, over 188 551 and 188 678 person-years of follow-up (MI and stroke, respectively), there were 1077 MI and 968 stroke events. Initiation of SGLT-2i vs oGLD was associated with a modestly lower risk of MI and stroke (MI: HR, 0.85; 95%CI, 0.72-1.00; P = .05; Stroke: HR, 0.83; 95% CI, 0.71-0.97; P = .02). These findings complement the results of the cardiovascular outcomes trials, and offer additional reassurance with regard to the cardiovascular effects of SGLT-2i, specifically as it relates to ischaemic events