Translation of Culture-specific Words in the Chinese-English Dictionary for Foreign Learners

目前,越来越多的外国人开始学习汉语。但是作为外国人学习汉语的重要工具，现存的汉英词典在文化局限词的翻译方面却不能满足外国学习者的语言产出和求解需要。一个词汇单位可能具有以下意义:概念意义，内涵意义，情感意义，修辞意义，文体意义，语用意义，语法意义，搭配意义。在这些意义中，某些词汇的一些意义是一种文化所特有的，在另外一种文化的语言中则表现为语义空缺。这种具有至少一种文化特有词汇意义的词汇单位就是本文所指的文化局限词。双语词典编纂者最重要的任务是为一种语言的词汇单位在另外一种语言中找出对应词，因而文化局限词成为双语词典翻译的难点。文化局限词的常见翻译方法有音译法、直译法、意译法、近似翻译法、解释性...Synopsis Chinese is becoming more and more popular among foreign learners of Chinese. However, as important tools for foreign learners, existing Chinese-English dictionaries fall short of productive and receptive needs of foreign learners in terms of the translation of culture-specific words. This thesis is an attempt to find problems with the translation of such words and ways to improve the ...学位：文学硕士院系专业：外文学院英语语言文学系_英语语言文学学号：20030403

土耳其中小学汉语教学发展问题研究

随着中土两国经济贸易的增加,土耳其社会对汉语的重视也逐步增强。汉语不再是土耳其大学里才有的选修课,越来越多的中小学生也开始学习汉语,但是关于土耳其中小学汉语教学的研究几乎是空白,本文在对首都安卡拉地区的中小学汉语教学现状进行考察后,试图对与土耳其中小学汉语教学发展相关的问题进行分析和探讨,希望能借此拓宽我国比较教育研究的范围和领域,增进对\"一带一路\"沿线国家——土耳其基础教育的了解,并促进双方的交流和合作。新疆社科基金项目《中土关系视阈下的土耳其汉学研究》(2016BXW083);;新疆教育科学规划青年课题《土耳其汉语教学现状调查与汉语国际推广的策略研究》(项目号148019)的阶段性成

土耳其教育体制与汉语国际教育研究

在"一带一路"建设的大背景下,有必要对沿线重要节点国家的教育制度深入研究,这样才能促进教育交流,更好地推广中国文化。目前,针对土耳其教育的研究还比较泛化,有待进一步梳理,中土两国的...教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“土耳其内政外交政策与‘一带一路’战略研究”(17JZD036);; 新疆社会科学基金项目“中土关系视阈下的土耳其汉学研究”(2016BXW083)的阶段性成果之

Research on urban green space system plan characteristic molds of Zunhua city,Hebei Province

分析了城市特色的内涵;系统梳理了遵化市城市绿地系统特色要素构成,即人文要素和自然要素;指出遵化市城市绿地系统特色应通过以下6点来塑造,即顺应良好的城市地理环境条件,与城市布局结构形成共轭关系,布局上尊重城市自然肌理,城市蓝脉水系的营构,尊重地方文化,延续城市文脉,塑造城市绿脉特色。In this paper,the connotation of city characteristic is analyzed,and the constitution of essential factors,namely human element and nature features,for urban green system in Zunhua city is also analyzed.It points out that the urban green space system characteristic for Zunhua city should mold with the following six items,namely compiling with the good city environmental condition,forming a conjugate relation with the urban plan structure,respecting the city's natural texture,constructing the city's blue arteries river system,respecting the native culture,and constructing the city's characteristic of green arteries—vegetation characteristic

The planning of green space system based on ecosystem garden city

论述了生态园林城市提出的时代背景及对生态园林城市提法的科学认同,界定了生态园林城市概念内涵及特征。在对生态园林城市绿地系统规划内涵分析的基础上,指出生态园林城市绿地系统具有可持续发展化、生态园林化、地方特色化的特征;生态园林城市绿地系统规划的理念主要有整体协调发展理念、综合要素统筹考虑理念、有限目标理念、城市开敞空间管制理念;编制时必须走规划与实施并行的技术路线,规划沿继承、发展、保护三条主线展开,达到科学规划、有效实施的目的。This paper presented the time background under which ecology garden city proposed,scientific approval of ecology garden city,and the concept of ecology garden city.Based on the analysis about ecology garden city green system plan,pointed out were the characteristics of ecology garden city green system,such as the sustainable development,the ecology garden,the local characteristics.Ecology garden city green system plan should have such ideas as harmonized development as a whole,overall consideration of all essential factors,limited aim,and controlling of urban open space.The plan and implementation should be keep in parallel,and the plan must be done considering inheritation,development and protection to achieve effective result

Discussion on the Technical Route for Planning Urban Green Space System in the New Period

通过对新时期建设生态园林城市宏观背景的认知和城市绿地系统编制现状与历史的总结回顾,提出了规划与实施并行,规划沿继承、发展、保护3条主线展开,对规划的法制性、政策性、市场性内容进行归类,力求科学规划、有效实施的新时期城市绿地系统规划编制技术路线。Through cognizing the macroscopic background of constructing ecological garden city in the new period and reviewing the status and history of making out urban green land system,the technical route for planning urban green space system in the new period was put forward as that,it should pay the same importance to implementing as planning,outspreading the planning from 3 masterstrokes of inheriting,developing and protecting,etc.and the legality,policy and marketability contents of the planning should be classified for scientific planning and effective implementation

Design and Simulation of a New Axial-field Permanent-magnet DC Generator

对一种新型小功率盘式永磁直流风力发电机的原理和电磁设计进行了分析和推导,利用Ansoft Maxwell 3D软件对电机的磁场分布和运动情况进行了仿真,其结果可为进一步研究提供参考。In this paper,an innovative model of vertical-axis permanent-magnet direct-current wind-energy generator has been presented.Its working principle and electromagnetic circuit design have been analyzed and optimized.Ansoft Maxwell 3D software was used to simulate the electromagnetic field and investigate the generator′s dynamic behavior.All the simulation methodology and achievements facilitate the design optimization for wind-energy generator and in-depth research

An innovative Design of Vertical-axis Wind Turbines for Home Use

本文介绍了一种小型家用垂直轴风力发电系统的设计方案。该系统针对传统萨窝纽斯形(Savonius)风机叶片的形状进行优化——扭曲叶片,对各项动力学参数进行模拟实验及计算。结果表明,这种扭曲叶片型的Savonius风力机与汽车发动机相结合可以使风能利用效率得到更好的开发。An innovative vertical-axis wind power generating system for home use has been proposed and tested.The emphasis is placed on optimizing the configuration of a traditional Savonius rotor(twisting the blades),simulating and experimenting.The computing results show that a Savonius rotor with twisted blades combined with a car-alternator can reach a better coefficient of performance

Optimized Algorithm for Determining Dominant Wavelength of LED

从发光二极管主波长的定义出发,比较分析了计算发光二极管主波长的3种方法,并提出了一种优化的计算方法。先将色品图划分为10个区域,再结合线性插值运算,可以减少运算次数、提高寻找速度,简化了求主波长的计算过程,同时使主波长计算结果的精确度优于0.1 nm。A novel algorithm to determine the dominant wavelength of LED is proposed based on the definition of dominant wavelength and the comparisons of three conventional calculation methods.To realize this algorithm,the CIE1931-xy Chromaticity Diagram is divided into 10 different regions within the wavelength range from 380.0?nm to 780.0?nm with a resolution of 1.0?nm,then the linear interpolation is implemented to locate the dominant wavelength with a resolution as precise as 0.1?nm.This algorithm not only very facilitates the calculation speed to determine the dominant wavelength of LED,but also increases the resolution precision.国家863计划“半导体照明工程”重大项目(2006AA03A175);; 福建省重点科技项目(2006H0092);; 厦门大学科技创新项目(XDKJCX20051011

The Optical Design and Simulation of Modular LED Freeform Reflector Dipped Headlight

本文从汽车用前照灯国标gb25991—2010出发,在已知光源属性的前提下,利用rEfCAd设计了适用于高亮度白光lEd的自由曲面反射器,将多套反射系统组合成汽车前照灯,并通过TrACEPrO仿真模拟,分析各测试点、区域的照度值,其设计结果能较好地符合国标对近光的要求。该方法能更充分发挥lEd的优点,提高了光能利用率,且大大优化和节省了设计空间。In this paper,a kind of car Head lamp integrating freeform reflectors for bright white LED is presented.Complying with the National Standard GB25991—2010 and considering light source properties known,at first,the freeform reflector is designed with RefCAD,and then several reflector models are integrated into a car head lamp model.The illumination values of the test points and regions are simulated with Tracepro.The simulation results show that it meets the requirement of low beam-GB.This design takes the advantage of LED,increases the utilization of optical energy,and greatly optimizes and saves the design space.福建省重大科技项目资助(2006H0092