Study on Ecological Characteristics of Heterotrophic Bacteria in the western South China Sea

异养细菌在海洋环境中具有较高的丰度和活性，在海洋碳的生物地球化学循环过程中具有重要作用。细菌生物量、β-葡萄糖苷酶活性和细菌生产力直接关系到细菌对海洋中有机碳的降解、吸收和转化。 2006年冬季和2007年夏季，对南海西部海域的细菌生物量、细菌生产力和β-葡萄糖苷酶活性等进行调查，以探明该海域异养细菌的生态特点及其在碳的海洋生物地球化学循环中的作用，取得如下主要结果： (1)在对南海西部海域2006年冬季和2007年夏季的调查中，冬季航次150m以上水层的积分β-葡萄糖苷酶活性变化范围为105.9401～304.4797mgCm-2h-1，平均170.6968±56.8148mgCm-2h...The heterotrophic bacteria have a high abundance and activity in marine invironments, and play an important role in marine carbon biogeochemical cycle. Bacterial biomass, β-D-glucosidase activity and bacterial production are major parameters of bacteria related to organic carbon degradation, assimilation and transformation. To study the ecological characteristics of the heterotrophic bact...学位：理学硕士院系专业：生命科学学院生物学系_微生物学学号：2172006115214

环境微生物技术在处理医院污水中的应用

我国每年产生大量医院污水,其中包含病原体等多种污染物,是危害人类健康的重要隐患.目前对医院污水的处理主要包括污水的预处理、生物处理和消毒三部分.通过采用活性污泥法、生物接触氧化法、膜生物反应器、曝气生物滤池法等环境微生物技术对污水进行处理,从而有效去除水中的有机物,破坏病原微生物赖以生存的物质基础和保障消毒效果.不同的处理工艺各有优缺,适合于不同规模的医院

Distribution and Activity of Marine Bacterioplankton at Frequent HAB Area of East China Sea

作者简介: 王新( 1979~ ), 男, 博士研究生, 主要研究方向为资源与环境微生物学, E-mail :wxxmu@ 163. com 通讯联系人, E-mail:microzh@ xmu. edu. cn[中文文摘]于2006年4~5月对东海近海28°~30.7°N之间的赤潮高发区浮游细菌的分布、活性和群落结构特征进行了调查.采用荧光显微计数法测定细菌丰度,荧光模拟底物法测定细菌胞外酶活性,PCR-DGGE分析该区域的细菌群落结构特征.结果表明,东海赤潮高发区的浮游细菌丰度在5.85×104~9.26×105cells.mL-1之间,其中舟山外海区域较高,在整个调查区域北部海域高于南部海域.β-葡萄糖苷酶的平均活性为0.023μmol.(L.h)-1,氨肽酶的平均活性约为其3.6倍,在5μm以上颗粒中的胞外酶活性平均占总活性分别为47.4%和44.24%.细菌胞外酶活性的分布与细菌丰度的分布无相关性,在整个调查区域南部海域高于北部海域.细菌群落结构和多样性差异较大,南部海域的细菌多样性低于北部海域.人类活动和陆源输入是影响浮游细菌分布的决定性因素,台湾暖流对细菌胞外酶活性及其分布有着决定性的影响,复杂的环境条件是细菌群落结构和多样性差异的主要原因之一.海洋细菌在东海赤潮高发区的生态作用有待进一步研究. [英文文摘]The distribution, activity and community structure of bacterioplankton in surface waterwere investigated at frequent harm fulalgae blooms (HABs) a rea in East China Sea (28b23017bN ) from April to May, 2006. The abundance of bacte riop lankton was determ ined by using the DAPI (4, 62d iamidino222phenylindole) direct count (DDC) method. The B2glucosidase and am inopeptidase activityweremeasured with fluorogenicmodel substra tes. And the bacterial community structure was analyzed by PCR2DGGE. Results showed that bacterial abundance in northern of the sampling area wasmuch more than that in southern of the sampling area. It ranged from 5185@104 ce lls# mL- 1 to 9126@105 ce lls# mL- 1. And there was the highest vaue area outer the costa l of Zhou Shan Island.The average aminopeptidase activity was 316 times of B2glucosidase activity which was 01023 Lmol# ( L# h) - 1 in th is area. The B2 glucosidase ac tivity in > 5Lm fraction contr ibuted 4714% of the tota,l and that of the aminopep tidase activity was 441 24% of the tota .l Bacteria l extracellular enzyme activity had a higher average value in southern of the sampling area. This indica ted that the bacterial activity had no direct relationship with bacteria l abundance. Bac terial diversity and community structure differed from each sampling station. Thereweremore divers in northern sampling area. The results suggested that the human being activity and continental inputting organic matte rsplayed a key role on the distribution of bacterial abundance. The d istribution of bacterial extrace llular enzyme activity wasmainly a ffected by the Taiwan warm current. And it was the complicated unknown factors that caused the difference of the bacterial community structure and diversity from each sampling station. Obviously, it needed furtherwork to enhance the knowledge of the ecological function of the bacte riop lankton at frequentHABs area of the coastal water in East Ch ina Sea.国家高技术研究发展计划(863)项目(2008AA09Z408);国家自然科学基金项目(40876061,40930847,30940002,30800033);国家海洋局海洋生态系统与生物地球化学重点实验室开放基金项目(LMEB200601);长江学者和创新团队发展计划项目(40821063

虾池沉积物细菌多样性分析和若干可培养技术的优化探讨

为了研究虾池沉积物细菌的多样性,改进培养技术,采用8种培养基培养虾池沉积物细菌,并用变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)技术对不同培养基平板获得的细菌群落结构进行研究,同时与原位样品的细菌群落结构进行比较.多数细菌在2周内长出,第3周至12周,在VL55、DNB、HM2和DR2A平板上可分离出新的细菌,其他培养基平板上的菌落数目增长不明显.分别使用琼脂和结冷胶作为凝胶剂,结果发现,结冷胶平板和琼脂平板相比,表现出高保湿性、高菌落数和高细菌多样性的特点.变性梯度凝胶电泳(DGGE)分析结果表明,沉积物样品中的优势细菌约60种,经过不同培养基培养后,得到的细菌多样性为50种左右,约为原来总数的83%,但是细菌群落结构发生较大改变,优势菌群发生转化.测序结果证明了这一点.虾池沉积物中有着较高的细菌多样性.培养基的改进、结冷胶的使用和培养时间的延长有效提高了虾池沉积物中细菌的可培养性

The spatial and temporal distribution of virioplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal waters of Zhejiang

为了解浙江近海海域浮游病毒和异养细菌的时空生态分布,于2014年11月(秋)、2015年1月(冬)、2015年5月(春)和2015年7月(夏)连; 续4个季节采集了浙江近海海域表层海水样品,采用流式细胞仪技术对样品浮游病毒和异养细菌丰度进行了检测,对其时空分布特征及与环境因子的相关性做了分析; 。从水平分布来看,在4个季节中浮游病毒、异养细菌丰度均为宁波、沈家门、岱山等沿岸海域站位的丰度低,远陆海域东极和枸杞站位的丰度高。从季节变化来看; ,浮游病毒、异养细菌丰度的季节分布特征同为夏>春>秋>冬,相关性分析结果表明,春、夏、秋、冬4个季节,浮游病毒丰度与异养细菌丰度均为显著正相关。; 浮游病毒丰度在春、秋、冬季节均与病毒/细菌比值(VBR)显著正相关;夏、秋季节均与盐度显著正相关;春、夏季节均与总磷显著负相关;春季分别于与溶解; 氧、pH、化学耗氧量(COD)显著正相关。异养细菌在春、秋、冬季节均与VBR显著正相关;春、夏季节与溶解氧显著正相关,冬季与溶解氧显著负相关;春; 、夏季节与总磷显著负相关;秋、冬季节均与温度、盐度显著正相关;春、冬季节均与COD显著正相关。In order to investigate the spatial and temporal distribution of; virioplankton and heterotrophic bacteria in the coastal waters of; Zhejiang,the representative samples of sea water were collected in the; coastal waters of Zhejiang for 4 consecutive seasons in November; 2014(Autumn),January 2015(winter),May 2015(spring) and July; 2015(summer). The distribution of virioplankton and heterotrophic; bacteria was studied by flow cytometry,and the correlations between the; abundances of virioplankton,heterotrophic bacteria and environmental; factors were also analyzed. From the horizontal distribution,in the four; seasons low abundance of virioplankton and heterotrophic bacteria was in; the stations of Ningbo,Shenjiamen,Daishan immediate offshore; area;high-abundance was in the stations of Dongji and Gouqi offshore; area. From the seasonal distribution,the abundance of the virioplankton; and heterotrophic bacteria was the same as that of; summer>spring>autumn>winter. The abundance of virioplankton and; heterotrophic bacteria was significantly and positively correlated in; the 4 seasons. The abundance of virioplankton was significantly and; positively correlated with VBR in spring,autumn and winter. The; abundance of virioplankton was significantly and positively correlated; with salinity in summer and autumn. The abundance of virioplankton was; significantly and negatively correlated with TP in spring and summer.; The abundance of virioplankton was significantly and positively; correlated with dissolved oxygen,pH,COD in spring. The heterotrophic; bacteria were significantly and positively correlated with VBR in; spring,autumn and winter. The heterotrophic bacteria were significantly; and positively correlated with dissolved oxygen in spring and summer but; were significantly and negatively correlated with dissolved oxygen in; winter. The heterotrophic bacteria were significantly and negatively; correlated with TP in spring and summer. The heterotrophic bacteria were; significantly and positively correlated with temperature and salinity in; autumn and winter. The heterotrophic bacteria were significantly and; positively correlated with COD in spring and winter.国家海洋局公益性行业科研专

Spatial and Temporal Distribution of Picophytoplankton in Coastal Waters of Zhejiang

【目的】为了解浙江近海海域超微型光合自养浮游生物原绿球藻(Prochlorococcus,; Pro)、聚球藻(Synechococcus,Syn)和超微型真核浮游植物(Picoeukaryotes,Euk)的时空生态分布,【方法】于20; 14年11月(秋)、2015年1月(冬)、2015年5月(春)和2015年7月(夏)连续4个季节采集了浙江近海海域表层海水样品,采用流式细胞仪技; 术对样品超微型光合自养浮游生物丰度进行了检测,并对其时空分布特征及与环境因子的相关性进行了研究。【结果】从水平分布来看,在4个季节中超微型光合自; 养浮游生物丰度均为宁波、沈家门、岱山等沿岸海域站位的丰度低,远陆海域东极和枸杞站位的丰度高。从季节分布来看,原绿球藻的季节分布特征为夏季>秋季; >冬季>春季,聚球藻的季节分布特征为秋季 >冬季 >春季>夏季,超微型真核浮游植物的季节分布特征为夏季>秋季; >春季>冬季。相关性分析表明,春季,原绿球藻、聚球藻、超微型真核浮游植物均与pH显著正相关;秋季,原绿球藻、聚球藻、超微型真核浮游植物均与温度显; 著正相关;冬季,聚球藻、超微型真核浮游植物均与盐度显著正相关。【结论】本文超微型光合自养浮游生物丰度近岸海域明显低于远陆海域,这与近岸海域泥沙含; 量大,水色和透明度低有很大关系。浮游病毒对宿主的裂解也会影响超微型光合自养浮游生物的丰度变化。【Objective】 The preseat paper aims to investigate the spatial and; temporal distribution of picophytoplankton: Prochlorococcus,; Syn-echococcus and Picoeukaryotes in the coastal waters of; Zhejiang.【Method】 The representative samples of sea water in the coastal; waters of Zhejiang were collected for 4 consecutive seasons in November; 2014 (Autumn), January 2015 (winter),May 2015 (spring) and July 2015; (summer). The distributions of picophytoplankton by flow cytometry were; analyzed, and the correlation between the abundances of; picophytoplankton and environmental factors were studied.【Result】 From; the horizontal distribution, in the four seasons, the abundance of; picophytoplankton were low-abundance areas in the stations of; Ningbo,Shenjiamen, Daishan immediate offshore area, high-abundance areas; in the stations of Dongji and Gouqi offshore area. From seasonal; distribution, the abundance of Prochlorococcus was in order of summer >; autumn > winter > spring, the abundance of Synechococcus autumn > winter; > spring > summer; and the abundance of Picoeukaryotes summer > autumn >; spring > winter. Prochlorococcus,Synechococcus and Picoeukaryotes were; significantly positively correlated with pH in the spring.; Prochlorococcus,Synechococcus and Picoeukaryotes were significantly; positively correlated with temperature in autumn. Synechococcus and; Picoeukaryotes were positively correlated with salinity in; winter.【Conclusion】In this study, the abundance of picophytoplankton in; immediate offshore area was significantly lower than that of far; offshore area. The reason was that the sediment content was large,the; water color and transparency was low in immediate offshore area. The; cracking effect of the virioplankton on the host would affect the; abundance of picophytoplankton.国家海洋局公益性行业科研专

Simultaneous Detection of FLT3-ITD and NPM1Gene Mutations in Acute Myeloid Leukemia by Double PCR

本研究旨在建立一种同时筛查flT3-ITd突变和nPM1突变的检测方法。设计2对引物,分别扩增nPM1基因的外显子12和flT3基因的外显子14、内含子14、外显子15,以覆盖几乎所有已知突变位点。对双重PCr体系的反应程序和引物浓度比例进行优化,将双重PCr产物通过毛细管电泳分离,根据野生型产物和突变型产物的大小差异来判断突变存在与否并利用产物的峰面积对突变比例进行定量,并对突变阳性标本进行测序验证。结果表明,在93例标本中nPM1突变者17例(18.5%),flT3-ITd突变者15例(16.3%),nPM1突变和flT3-ITd突变双阳性6例。17例nPM1突变中7例M2、4例M4、5例M5、1例M6,其中10例男性、7例女性;有15例为A型,1例为b型,1例为nM型;有1例CMl急变为AMl的标本中带有nPM1基因A型突变。15例flT3-ITd阳性中1例M1、8例M2、2例M3、1例M4、3例M5,其中5例男性、10例女性。扩增产物测序结果进一步证明了该检测体系的准确性和可靠性。结论 :建立了同时筛查flT3-ITd突变和nPM1突变的检测体系,该体系以基因组dnA为模板,具有方便、快捷、准确、可定量的优点。Objective of this study was to establish a method for simultaneous detection of FLT3/ITD and NPM1 gene mutations in AML.A double PCR was firstly designed and optimized to amplify both exon 12 of NPM1 and exon 14-intron 14-exon 15 of FLT3,with the aim of detecting almost all reported mutations.After optimization,a touchdown PCR was chosen for the multiplex PCR procedure,with the primer concentrations of NPM1 and FLT3-ITD being 200 nmol/L and 152 nmol/L respectively.The PCR amplicons were separated by capillary electrophoresis and the presence of mutants was recognized by the size difference between the mutants and wild-type products.The areas of mutant peak and wild-type peak were used to calculate the mutant/wild-type ratio.All the positive mutated samples were confirmed by sequencing.The results showed that 17 patients with NPM1 mutation,15 patients with FLT3-ITD mutation,6 patients with both NPM1 and FLT3-ITD mutationts were found among 93 patents.7 patients with M2,4 patients with M4,5 patients with M5 and 1 patients with M6 were found out of 17 patients with NPM1 mutation,in which 10 patients were male and 7 patients were female,15 patients were with type A,1 patients was with type B and 1 patients was with type Nm,strinkingly 1 CML patient in blast crisis was found to carry a type A mutation.Among 15 patients with FLT3-ITD mutation 1 patient with M1,8 patients with M2,2 patients with M2,2 patients with M3,1 patient with M4,3 patients with M5 were found,in which 5 patients were male and 10 patients were lemale.Sequencing results further confirmed the accuracy and reliability of this method.It is concluded that a novel method with the ability to detect both FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutations has been developed when genomic DNA was templated.This method is fast,easy,accurate and capable to calculate the mutant/wild-type ratio

Studies of preparation and properties of RGD-tTF water-based ferrofluids

目的探讨RGD-tTF水基磁流体通过磁场和RGD多肽在体外对内皮细胞双靶向的功能。方法通过化学沉淀法以柠檬酸钠为表面活性剂制备水基磁流体(MnFe2O4),弱酸改性后与重组的RGD-tTF融合蛋白结合,利用H-600透射电镜观测纳米粒径,以SUQID鉴定磁性,用MTT法、因子X活化检测和流式细胞仪检测RGD-tTF磁流体生物活性。结果成功制备出的水基磁流体能在磷酸盐缓冲液中稳定分布且具有生物兼容性,实验表明RGD-tTF与水基磁流体结合后对RGD和tTF生物活性均无显著影响,并证实在磁场的作用下能实现了水基磁流体对RGD-tTF的定位作用。结论一种具有内皮细胞双靶向功能的RGD-tTF水基磁流体已制备成功。 【英文摘要】 Purpose To study the property of RGD-tTF water-based ferrofluids double targeting EC304 cells in vitro by magnet and RGD peptide.Methods Water-based ferrofluids(MnFe2O4) were prepared by chemical precipitation method using citrate as surfactant, dispersed in weak acid to create surface charges,and coated with recombinant RGD-tTF protein.Proteins coated ferrofluids were characterized by H-600 transmission electron microscopy(TEM)and Superconducting Quantum Interference Device(SQUID),and its biological activi...教育部和厦门大学出国留学人员启动基金资

缩氨基硫脲化合物的合成及对菜青虫酚氧化酶抑制作用研究

菜青虫是危害农作物的主要害虫,酚氧化酶在昆虫的生长发育过程中起着重要的调节作用,高效的酚氧化酶抑制剂对于发展新型"环境友好"杀虫剂有着重要的意义.设计合成了4种缩氨基硫脲类化合物,采用红外光谱、质谱和核磁共振谱对其进行结构鉴定,进一步研究了它们对菜青虫酚氧化酶的抑制作用,结果表明,4种化合物均有显著的抑制作用,其半抑制率IC50分别为2.88,0.93,3.60和0.22μmol/L,有可能进一步开发成为以酚氧化酶为靶点的新型生物农药.同时,为基于缩氨基硫脲母核的酚氧化酶抑制剂的设计提供了数据基础