类风湿关节炎患者康复功能锻炼的研究进展

类风湿关节炎（Rheumatoid arthritis,RA）是以侵蚀性、对称性多关节炎为主要表现的慢性、全身性自身免疫性疾病, 最终发展为关节畸形和功能丧失, 并损害心、肺、肾、神经等器官[1]。我国RA的发病率为0.32%～0.36%。该病具有病程长、复发率高、致残率高等特点,在临床上又被称为\"不死癌症\"[2],严重危害患者健康。该病治疗的目的是缓解疼痛,提高关节活动度,阻止残疾的发生。康复功能锻炼是降低国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:71403232

Status quo of the construction of integrity system for reviewers among Chinese academic journals and suggestions

【目的】调查中文学术期刊审稿专家诚信制度建设现状,探讨中文学术期刊在审稿专家诚信制度建设方面存在的问题,为学术期刊进一步优化期刊出版诚信建设提供参考。【方法】采用数据收集与问卷调查相结合的方式,从多角度调研期刊审稿专家的诚信制度建设现状。数据收集以《中文核心期刊要目总览(2017年版)》中采用线上专家审稿系统的中文科技期刊网站为研究对象,调查其网站公开发布的有关审稿专家诚信制度内容,并通过问卷调查的方式了解中文学术期刊审稿专家诚信制度的实际执行方式及效果。【结果】许多中文学术期刊存在缺少审稿专家诚信制度、制度发布位置不合理、内容不全面、缺乏相应的奖惩制度或奖惩制度不公开、不透明等问题。【结论】中文学术期刊应提高对审稿专家不当行为的防范意识,建立健全审稿专家的诚信制度,防范、杜绝审稿专家的学术失信行为。</p

高热稳定性高有序性中孔Zr-P-Al材料的合成

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂，采用水热法合成了中孔氧化锆，依次用磷酸和水合氯化铝溶液对其进行后处理，得到了具有高热稳定性、高有序性的中孔Zr-P-Al材料．样品的XRD，TEM和氮气物理吸附测试结果表明，反应凝胶中的水量和陈化条件对样品结构有很大影响．当反应凝胶配比为Zr(SO4)2：CTAB：H2O=1：0．27：240时，所得样品具有较规整的六方结构．此样品经磷酸处理后，有序程度进一步提高．将磷酸处理过的样品再用水合氯化铝溶液处理，得到的材料具有典型的中孔特征和很高的热稳定性．最终产物经过700℃焙烧后具有416m^2／g的比表面积，孔容积较大，孔径分布均匀，800℃焙烧后其比表面积仍可达到227m^2／g．样品的高稳定性来源于锆、磷和铝之间的相互作用

preparationofacarbonnanotubeanalogfromsurfactantcontainingmcm41silica

A carbon nanotube analog was prepared using the structure-directing agent cetyltrimetylammonium bromide locked in the channels of MCM-41 as a carbon source. The structures and properties of the resulting samples were characterized by. powder XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement, TEM and TGA. It was found that the carbon nanotube analog obtained by this method is amorphous. Pretreatment with concentrated sulfuric acid is a key step in its formation

preparationofacarbonnanotubeanalogfromsurfactantcontainingmcm41silica

A carbon nanotube analog was prepared using the structure-directing agent cetyltrimetylammonium bromide locked in the channels of MCM-41 as a carbon source. The structures and properties of the resulting samples were characterized by. powder XRD, nitrogen adsorption-desorption measurement, TEM and TGA. It was found that the carbon nanotube analog obtained by this method is amorphous. Pretreatment with concentrated sulfuric acid is a key step in its formation

碳离子束对甜高梁辐射诱变的当代效应

利用兰州重离子加速器提供的中能碳离子束对甜高粱品种BJ0601和BJ0602进行了不同剂量的辐照处理,以期选育出生物学产量高、汁液糖锤度高及抗逆性强的品种。当代田间试验结果表明:(1)甜高粱在田间的存活曲线均呈"类马鞍型",随着剂量的增加,其存活率先降后升再下降;(2)随着辐照剂量的变化,其茎秆亩产量、糖锤度和对照相比,均发生了明显的变化;(3)经过碳离子束辐照,出现了株高、单秆重、糖锤度高、早熟、茎粗等突变类型,为进一步的品种选育和诱变机理研究奠定基础

重离子束辐照对苜蓿外植体离体培养的影响及下胚轴再生体的RAPD分析

采用初始能量为100MeV/u的重离子束12C6+对紫花苜蓿下胚轴及子叶外植体进行辐照处理,研究重离子辐照对愈伤组织诱导状态及诱导率、愈伤组织相对生长率、体细胞胚诱导率及植株再生的影响。结果表明,重离子辐照对下胚轴及子叶愈伤组织的诱导具有抑制作用,且出愈率随着辐照剂量的增大而降低;在继代培养过程中,其愈伤组织相对生长率均高于对照组,外植体本身对重离子辐照所造成的损伤具有恢复能力;辐照处理对体细胞胚胎诱导也有影响,30Gy时,下胚轴诱导的体细胞胚胎发生较对照组早,数量多,较早地得到再生植株;而50Gy时,所得到的体细胞胚未能发育成再生植株。同时应用随机扩增多态性DNA(Random amplified polymorphic DNA,RAPD)技术对重离子辐照处理下胚轴所得再生植株进行检测分析,结果表明:所采用的20条随机引物中有11条在对照及处理组所得再生植株之间扩增出差异性多态条带,表明了重离子辐照引起苜蓿再生植株基因组DNA发生变异

中国空间生命科学40年回顾与展望

我国空间生命科学的探索起源于20世纪60年代,1981年随着空间生命专业委员会的正式成立,依托此专业的学术交流平台,空间生命科学进入多学科并进多机构建设的新阶段.随着中国载人航天及空间探索研究的深入发展,以分支学科或重大问题为牵引,我国在空间生命科学的几个重要领域取得了一系列关键成果.本文从发展历程、研究成果、平台模型、重大项目与后续展望等方面综述了我国空间生命科学40年的发展历程与标志性成果,为后续发展提供借鉴与参考

Aripiprazole versus other atypical antipsychotics for schizophrenia

BACKGROUND: In most western industrialised countries, second generation (atypical) antipsychotics are recommended as first line drug treatments for people with schizophrenia. In this review we specifically examine how the efficacy and tolerability of one such agent - aripiprazole - differs from that of other comparable second generation antipsychotics. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of aripiprazole compared with other atypical antipsychotics for people with schizophrenia and schizophrenia-like psychoses. SEARCH METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Trials Register (November 2011), inspected references of all identified studies for further trials, and contacted relevant pharmaceutical companies, drug approval agencies and authors of trials for additional information. SELECTION CRITERIA: We included all randomised clinical trials (RCTs) comparing aripiprazole (oral) with oral and parenteral forms of amisulpride, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone, sertindole, ziprasidone or zotepine for people with schizophrenia or schizophrenia-like psychoses. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We extracted data independently. For dichotomous data we calculated risk ratios (RR) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) on an intention-to-treat basis based on a random-effects model. Where possible, we calculated illustrative comparative risks for primary outcomes. For continuous data, we calculated mean differences (MD), again based on a random-effects model. We assessed risk of bias for each included study. MAIN RESULTS: We included 12 trials involving 6389 patients. Aripiprazole was compared to olanzapine, risperidone and ziprasidone. All trials were sponsored by an interested drug manufacturer. The overall number of participants leaving studies early was 30% to 40%, limiting validity (no differences between groups).When compared with olanzapine no differences were apparent for global state (no clinically important change: n = 703, 1 RCT, RR short-term 1.00 95% CI 0.81 to 1.22; n = 317, 1 RCT, RR medium-term 1.08 95% CI 0.95 to 1.22) but mental state tended to favour olanzapine (n = 1360, 3 RCTs, MD total Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS) 4.68 95% CI 2.21 to 7.16). There was no significant difference in extrapyramidal symptoms (n = 529, 2 RCTs, RR 0.99 95% CI 0.62 to 1.59) but fewer in the aripiprazole group had increased cholesterol levels (n = 223, 1 RCT, RR 0.32 95% CI 0.19 to 0.54) or weight gain of 7% or more of total body weight (n = 1095, 3 RCTs, RR 0.39 95% CI 0.28 to 0.54).When compared with risperidone, aripiprazole showed no advantage in terms of global state (n = 384, 2 RCTs, RR no important improvement 1.14 95% CI 0.81 to 1.60) or mental state (n = 372, 2 RCTs, MD total PANSS 1.50 95% CI -2.96 to 5.96).One study compared aripiprazole with ziprasidone (n = 247) and both the groups reported similar change in the global state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD average change in Clinical Global Impression-Severity (CGI-S) score -0.03 95% CI -0.28 to 0.22) and mental state (n = 247, 1 RCT, MD change PANSS -3.00 95% CI -7.29 to 1.29).When compared with any one of several new generation antipsychotic drugs the aripiprazole group showed improvement in global state in energy (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.69 95% CI 0.56 to 0.84), mood (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.77 95% CI 0.65 to 0.92), negative symptoms (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.82 95% CI 0.68 to 0.99), somnolence (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.80 95% CI 0.69 to 0.93) and weight gain (n = 523, 1 RCT, RR 0.84 95% CI 0.76 to 0.94). Significantly more people given aripiprazole reported symptoms of nausea (n = 2881, 3 RCTs, RR 3.13 95% CI 2.12 to 4.61) but weight gain (7% or more of total body weight) was less common in people allocated aripiprazole (n = 330, 1 RCT, RR 0.35 95% CI 0.19 to 0.64). Aripiprazole may have value in aggression but data are limited. This will be the focus of another review. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Information on all comparisons are of limited quality, are incomplete and problematic to apply clinically. Aripiprazole is an antipsychotic drug with a variant but not absent adverse effect profile. Long-term data are sparse and there is considerable scope for another update of this review as new data emerges from the many Chinese studies as well as from ongoing larger, independent pragmatic trials