Performance enhancing and plastic deformation mechanism of nanocrystalline transition metal nitride hard coatings

针对高速干式切屑加工的苛刻服役环境，本文研究工作主要集中于优化提升Zr基及Cr基氮化物硬质涂层的力学及抗氧化性能；探讨氮化物硬质涂层的塑性变形机制；并建立硬质涂层组织结构与性能演变之间的关联。本文从涂层成分设计及结构设计角度出发，阐述了优化提升Zr基及Cr基氮化物硬质涂层力学及抗氧化性能的方法；同时也提出研究二维薄膜材料塑性变形行为的实验方法，并归纳出硬质涂层塑性变形机制的研究内容。本文所取得的主要结论如下： （1）、掺杂元素的离子半径决定了涂层晶胞参数的变化规律；同时掺杂元素离子的价态对于涂层氧化层中的相结构、氧空位浓度以及离子扩散速率有着重要影响，从而对直接影响到涂层的抗氧化性能。适量掺...This work aims to improve the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of the Zr- and Cr-based nitride hard coatings used for high speed, yet dry machining. In addition, the plastic deformation mechanisms of the coatings have been investigated. This thesis presents the strategies for improving the mechanical properties and oxidation resistance of the nitride hard coatings with the viewpoints...学位：工学博士院系专业：化学化工学院_应用化学学号：2062013015380

Nondestructive inspection of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates using ultrasonic guided wave

碳纤维增强复合材料因其优良的物理性质，在现代工业，尤其是航空及船舶工业中得到了广泛的应用。该材料具有密度小、高比强、高比模、抗腐蚀、热膨胀系数小等一系列优点，被广泛用于制造飞机机身、机翼、发动机舱等结构。多层碳纤维增强复合板在生产或者使用过程中，可能会出现开裂，脱层和脱粘等现象，若不及时地检测出这些缺陷，将可能导致严重后果。目前，对多层碳纤维增强复合材料的检测方法主要有目视检查法、经典C扫描法，非线性超声法，光栅检测法，射线成像法等。 超声导波无损检测法近年来越来越受到重视。该方法可以同时对一片区域进行检测，因此效率高且实施代价低。但是，与各向同性板中导波传播相比，碳纤维增强复合板中导波传播...Carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) laminates are widely utilized in modern aircraft and ship industries due to their excellent physical properties. They have the advantages of low density, high strength rate, high modulus rate, corrosion resistance, low coefficient of thermal expansion. Therefore, they are often used to manufacture the fuselage, wing and nacelle of an airplane. Note that the d...学位：理学硕士院系专业：海洋与地球学院_海洋物理学号：2232014115138

The Impact of New Accounting Standards on Earnings Management of Chinese Listed Companies ——Study through Accrual-Based Earnings Management and Real Earnings Management

会计准则与企业盈余管理之间的关系密切，会计准则有防范盈余管理之功效，但又不能完全为防范盈余管理而设置，因而会计准则在有效抑制企业盈余管理的同时，客观上又会成为企业管理当局用来进行盈余管理的工具。每一次会计准则的修订都会引起盈余管理空间的此消彼长，2006年财政部新颁布的会计准则也不例外。 本文以我国沪深两市的A股制造业上市公司为对象，实证检验了执行新会计准则对制造业上市公司盈余管理的影响。在具体研究中从应计利润操纵和真实活动操纵两个层面入手，分别揭示出新会计准则对这两种操纵方式的影响，并检验了这两种操纵方式之间的相互关系。 实证检验结果表明：实施新会计准则后，会计弹性较实施新会计准则前显著...The relationship between accounting standards and earnings management is close. Accounting standards can be used to prevent earnings management, but it is not completely set against earnings management. While accounting standards inhibit effectively earnings management, it can be used as tool for earnings management by the management authorities objectively at the same time. Each time, the revised...学位：管理学硕士院系专业：管理学院会计系_会计学学号：1752008115133

Reflection on setting up the crime drunken driving in criminal law

内容摘要本文共分三章。第一章刑法增设酒后驾驶罪的必要性,介绍我国当前交通肇事的严重现状，对交通肇事产生的原因进行分析,在驾驶人员主动性产生交通肇事原因中,酒后驾驶是主要原因。阐述行政法律和刑事法律规范对酒后驾驶行为规制的严重不足和缺陷，以致酒后驾驶行为成为驾驶者的普遍现象,给公共安全造成严重的危险。第二章刑法增设酒后驾驶罪的理论根据，介绍了犯罪的涵义和本质以及酒后驾驶行为具有严重的社会危害性,酒后驾驶行为犯罪化符合我国刑事立法方向。刑法增设酒后驾驶罪是公正与功利的体现，是保护社会秩序与保障人权的和谐统一。第三章我国酒后驾驶罪的设立构想，介绍域外酒后驾驶罪的立法现状和醉酒标准。我国设立的酒后驾驶...ABSTRACT This paper is divided into three chapters. In the first chapter, the necessity of adding the crime of drunken driving to Criminal Law is introduced. The author presents the serious situation of traffic accident in China, analyses the main reason and points out that drunken driving is the main cause when a driver consciously cause a traffic accident. Then the limitation of regulations on...学位：法律硕士院系专业：法学院法律系_刑法学学号：X20030814

Beverage Enterprises Marketing Channel Strategy Research— Take HEK as Example

营销渠道是连接企业与市场的桥梁，是沟通产品与消费者之间的媒介，是指产品或服务从制造商流向消费者所经过的各个中间商联结起来的整个通道。近年来，随着市场竞争的日益激烈，零售商逐渐掌握了厂商们价值链的话语权，营销渠道成为建立和发展企业核心能力的重要资源以及企业营销战略决策的重点，而不是仅仅作为一项日常运作的管理职能。厦门惠尔康公司作为饮料行业中型企业，在营销渠道管理方面积累了一定经验，也形成了一些独特做法，但是对于营销渠道管理方面也有较大的改善和提高空间。 本文通过对厦门惠尔康公司营销渠道管理存在的问题的归纳，对于惠尔康的针对不同的销售通路，制定相应的产品分销、价格、包装组合，以及促销活动策略等方...Marketing channels to connect companies with the market are a bridge of communication products and consumer media refers to Products or services from the manufacturer by the flow of consumers through the various intermediaries linking the entire channel. In recent years, with the increasingly fierce market competition,retailers,gradually have the right to speak of the value chain,marketing channel...学位：工商管理硕士院系专业：管理学院工商管理教育中心（MBA中心）_工商管理硕士(MBA)学号：X200815507

美国州保险企业税收制度及其启示

本文详细介绍了美国州保险企业税收制度的内容,重点揭示了其基本制度架构和特征。以此为基础,笔者提供了几个考察我国现有保险税收制度的视角,希望从中发现问题的症结所在。国家自然科学基金(项目编号:70173010);教育部“十五”规划项目(项目编号:01JB790040)

何谓思想间的“对话”?

思想间的对话是日本哲学家西田几多郎探讨的哲学内容之一,就西田几多郎的立场而言,所谓“思想间的对话“,首先体现为一个“我与汝“的主体间的对话,这样的对话必须是在“对话之场“下的直接对话,是一种以批评或者对决为形式的对话,是以探索“知识的根底“究竟如何的对话,是以怀疑论为根本起点的对话,是以自身的语言为根基来展开的“互镜“的对话

Relationship Between AP-1 Activity and RARα Involvement in Gastric Cancer Cells

为确定全反式视黄酸 ( ATRA)抑制胃癌细胞 AP- 1活性过程中 RARα介导的作用机理 ,利用 Northern印迹和 Western印迹测定 RARα基因和 c Jun、c Fos蛋白表达水平 ;氯霉素乙酰转移酶活性 ( CAT)分析 AP- 1活性 ;以及 MTT法检测细胞生长速率 .结果表明 ,ATRA能够诱导 RARα表达 ,抑制 c Jun和 c Fos蛋白表达和 AP- 1活性 ,由此导致胃癌细胞生长抑制 .结果证实 ,ATRA抑制胃癌细胞 AP- 1活性是抑制细胞生长的重要途径之一 ,并与 RARα介导密切相关 . 【英文摘要】 To determine the mechanism of RARα involvement when AP 1 activity was inhibited by all\| trans retinoic acid (ATRA) in gastric cancer cells,expressions of RARα gene and cJun and cFos protein were detected by Northern blot and Western blot.AP 1 activity was measured by CAT assay,and the inhibitory rate was analyzed by MTT method.The results showed that expression of RARα was induced after treatment of gastric cancer cells with ATRA,ATRA inhibited expression of cJun and cFos,as well as AP 1 activity,whi...国家自然科学基金(39880015)；国家杰出青年科学基金(B 类，39825502)资

Relationship between CDKs and CKIs in Regulation of Cell Cycle Progression of Human Gastric Cancer Cells

研究 CDKs和 CKIs在调节胃癌细胞周期进程中的作用表明 ,全反式视黄酸 ( ATRA)通过诱导细胞滞留在 G1/G0 期而抑制胃癌细胞生长 .Western blot分析显示 ,ATRA可上调 p2 1 waf1/ cip1的表达 ,而抑制 p1 6ink4 的表达 .免疫沉淀及活性测定表明 ,CDK2 激酶活性可被 ATRA抑制 ,而CDK4 活性先被诱导上升 ,2 4 h后逐渐下降 .另外 ,ATRA可以调节 Rb蛋白的磷酸化和 c- myc蛋白的表达 .由此证实 ,ATRA诱导胃癌细胞滞留于 G1/G0 期与其上调 p2 1 waf1/ cip1的表达和抑制CDK2 和 CDK4 激酶活性 ,进而抑制 Rb蛋白的磷酸化和 c- myc的表达有关 . Rb蛋白是 ATRA抑制胃癌细胞生长的下游调节因子 .另外 ,p1 6ink4 的功能在胃癌细胞中可能丧失 . 【英文摘要】 The roles of CDKs and CDIs in regulation of cell cycle progression of human gastric cancer cells was investigated.The results demonstrated that ATRA(all trans retinoic acid) inhibited growth of gastric cancer cells through inducing cells arrest in G 1/G 0.Western blotting showed that p21 waf1/cip1 was up regulated by ATRA in gastric cancer cells,which resulted in a decreased CDK 2 activity,as revealed by immunoprecipitation assay.However,p16 ink4 ,which specifically inhibited cyclinD 1/CD...国家自然科学基金资助(39880015

Growth inhibition of gastric cancer cells by all-trans retinoic acid through arresting cell cycle progression

目的　探讨ATRA调节胃癌细胞生长的作用机理。方法　Westernblot测定蛋白表达水平 ,免疫沉淀测定蛋白激酶活性 ,MTT方法检测细胞生长和流式细胞术分析细胞周期。结果　ATRA有效地诱导细胞滞留G0 /G1期并抑制胃癌细胞生长。ATRA通过依赖P5 3和非依赖P5 3途径诱导ATRA敏感细胞的P2 1WAF1/CIP1表达 ,由此导致CDK4 和CDK2 活性下降 ,但对CDK4 和CDK2 蛋白表达没有影响。另外 ,由于ATRA抑制CDK4 和CDK2 活性 ,导致Rb蛋白去磷酸化水平上升。结论　ATRA通过调节细胞周期进程的相关蛋白而抑制胃癌细胞生长。 【英文摘要】 To investigate the mechanism of all trans retinoic acid (ATRA) on the regulation of the cell cycle in gastric cancer cells Methods The protein level was detected by Western blot Immunoprecipitation was used in protein kinase activity determination Cell growth and cell cycle phase were examined by MTT assay and flow cytometric analysis, respectively Results ATRA could effectively induce G 0/G 1 arrest and inhibit cell growth in certain human gastric cancer cell lines ATRA might induce p21 W...This work was supported by the National Outstanding Youth Science Foundation of China (B type, No.39825502) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 39880015