Removing a pin from the urethra of a 14-year-old male patient: a case report

The diagnosis and treatment of foreign bodies in the urogenital system are difficult and it’s rare in children; It may also cause secondary injuries. In this article, we present a 14-year-old male patient who was admitted to the emergency outpatient clinic with complaints of difficulty in voiding and dysuria. He was diagnosed with a pin in the urethra and treated using an endoscopic method. He was hospitalised for foreign body removal after he admitted in his anamnesis about insertion a pin into his urethra the day before his complaints started. A pin was seen in the urethra on the urethrocystoscopy, and was successfully removed. Since foreign body in the urogenital system is rare in children, it is necessary to suspect, in order to make the diagnosis. In most cases, endoscopic intervention is sufficient. Psychiatric consultation should be requested for the patients, especially for pediatrics

Evaluation of Anticoagulant Proteins and Fibrinolytic System Markers in Children with Pneumonia

Aim:Coagulation and fibrinolytic systems play an important role in the pathogenesis of complicated pneumonia. This study aims to evaluate and compare coagulation and fibrinolytic system markers and natural anticoagulant proteins with acute phase reactants, such as C-reactive protein or procalcitonin in children with pneumonia.Materials and Methods:One hundred and fifteen patients and 87 healthy children were included in the study. Patients were separated into two groups based on viral and bacterial pneumonia diagnosis. Coagulation and anticoagulation system markers were compared with acute phase reactants in children with pneumonia.Results:White blood cell numbers and D-dimer (DD) levels were higher in the pneumonia patients compared to the control group (p=0.001 and 0.001 respectively). Protein C activity and antithrombin activity in the patient group were significantly lower compared to the control group (p=0.001 and p=0.011 respectively). Acute phase reactants and DD levels in the bacterial pneumonia patients were higher compared to the viral pneumonia patients (p<0.05). Protein S activity, fibrin monomers and fibrin degradation products were not significantly different between the bacterial and viral pneumonia patients. Protein S activity in the bacterial pneumonia patients was lower compared to the viral pneumonia patients (p=0.040). There was no difference in terms of antithrombin activity and protein C activity.Conclusion:As a result, the relationships among acute phase proteins, anticoagulation proteins, and fibrinolytic system markers show that the coagulation and fibrinolytic system has an important role in pneumonia pathogenesis and associated inflammation. Evaluation of the coagulation system may help determine the severity of pneumonia in children and be used to monitor its clinical progress

Recent Advances in Health Biotechnology During Pandemic

The outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which emerged in 2019, cut the epoch that will make profound fluctuates in the history of the world in social, economic, and scientific fields. Urgent needs in public health have brought with them innovative approaches, including diagnosis, prevention, and treatment. To exceed the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, various scientific authorities in the world have procreated advances in real time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) based diagnostic tests, rapid diagnostic kits, the development of vaccines for immunization, and the purposing pharmaceuticals for treatment. Diagnosis, treatment, and immunization approaches put for- ward by scientific communities are cross-fed from the accrued knowledge of multidisciplinary sciences in health biotechnology. So much so that the pandemic, urgently prioritized in the world, is not only viral infections but also has been the pulsion in the development of novel approaches in many fields such as diagnosis, treatment, translational medicine, virology, mi- crobiology, immunology, functional nano- and bio-materials, bioinformatics, molecular biol- ogy, genetics, tissue engineering, biomedical devices, and artificial intelligence technologies. In this review, the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of various scientific areas of health biotechnology are discussed

The Effect of Different Sowing Densities on the Yield and Some Yield Components of Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under Mardin Kızıltepe Ecological Conditions

Bu çalışmanın amacı Mardin Kızıltepe koşullarında nohutta farklı ekim sıklıklarını belirlemektir. Üç nohut çeşidi (Aziziye-94, ILC-482 ve Diyar-95) dört farklı ekim sıklığında (30, 40, 50 ve 60 tohum m-2) ekilmiştir. Deneme 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında Mardin Artuklu Üniversitesi Kızıltepe Meslek Yüksekokulu deneme tarlalarında tesadüf blokları bölünmüş parseller deneme desenine göre 3 tekrarlamalı olarak yürütülmüştür. Çeşitler ana parsellere, sıklıklar ise alt parsellere yerleştirilmiştir. Farklı ekim sıklıklarında ekilen üç nohut çeşidinde bitki boyu, ilk bakla yüksekliği, ana dal sayısı, bitkide bakla sayısı ve tane sayısı, baklada tane sayısı, bin tane ağırlığı, birim alan tane verimi, hasat indeksi ve biyolojik verim gibi özellikler incelenmiştir. İki yıllık sonuçlara göre; ekim sıklıklarının nohut çeşitlerinde verim ve verim öğelerine etkisi önemli bulunmuştur. En yüksek birim alan tane verimi 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında sırasıyla 159.18 kg da-1 ve 124.83 kg da-1 ile ILC-482 çeşidinden alınırken, en düşük birim alan tane verimi 117.76 kg da-1 ve 100.16 kg da-1 ile Diyar-95 çeşidinde alınmıştır. Mardin Kızıltepe koşullarında nohut için en uygun ekim sıklığı 50 tohum m-2 olarak belirlenmiştir.The aim of this work is to determine different plant densities for chickpea in Mardin Kızıltepe conditions. Three cultivars of chickpea (Aziziye-94, ILC-482 and Diyar-95) were sown at four different sowing densities (30, 40, 50 and 60 seeds m-2). The trial was conducted in the experimental fields of Kiziltepe Vocational High School of Mardin Artuklu University by using split plots in randomized block design with the three replicates in years of 2013 and 2014. Chickpea cultivars were established as main plots and plant densities were established as split plots. Effects of sowing densities on plant height, first pod height, number of branches, numbers of pod per plant and numbers of seed per plant, numbers of seed per pod, 1000 grain weight, grain yield and harvest index were investigated for three cultivars. According to the two years results; effects of varieties and sowing densities on the yield and yield components of lentil were obtained significantly. While the highest grain yield per area was obtained at the ILC-482 cultivar as 159.18 kg da-1 and 124.83 kg da-1, the lowest grain yield per area was obtained at the Diyar-95 cultivar as 117.76 kg da-1 and 100.16 kg da-1 in years of 2013 and 2014 respectively. The most suitable sowing density was determined with 50 seeds m-2 in Mardin Kızıltepe conditions

Evaluation of Cognitive Functions in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome(OSAS) in terms of various cognitive functions and determine the relationship betweencognitive functions with anxiety and depression levels.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 15, 2019 andDecember 15, 2019 and included 34 OSAS patients and 28 healthy volunteers between theages of 18-65 with at least primary education. All participants underwent overnight recordingof polysomnography. Patients were evaluated using sociodemographic data form, BeckDepression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA) and the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT).Results: There was no significant difference between the OSAS and control group in terms ofage and gender. OSAS patients had significantly higher depression and anxiety scorescompared to the control group. OSAS patients showed poor performance in naming, attention,abstract thinking, and delayed recalling compared to the control group. OSAS patientscompleted Stroop tests 1, 3, and 5 in a longer amount of time than the control group. Cognitivefunctions were found to have a significant negative correlation with apnea hypopnea index,BDI, and BAI scores.Conclusion: OSAS was found to have a different effect on each subcomponents of cognitivefunction. Furthermore, it was determined that many negative factors caused by OSAS mayplay a role in cognitive involvement in OSAS. Further studies are warranted to shed light onthe ethiopathogenesis of this subject

Evaluation of Cognitive Functions in Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate patients with Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome(OSAS) in terms of various cognitive functions and determine the relationship betweencognitive functions with anxiety and depression levels.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted between June 15, 2019 andDecember 15, 2019 and included 34 OSAS patients and 28 healthy volunteers between theages of 18-65 with at least primary education. All participants underwent overnight recordingof polysomnography. Patients were evaluated using sociodemographic data form, BeckDepression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA) and the Stroop Color and Word Test (SCWT).Results: There was no significant difference between the OSAS and control group in terms ofage and gender. OSAS patients had significantly higher depression and anxiety scorescompared to the control group. OSAS patients showed poor performance in naming, attention,abstract thinking, and delayed recalling compared to the control group. OSAS patientscompleted Stroop tests 1, 3, and 5 in a longer amount of time than the control group. Cognitivefunctions were found to have a significant negative correlation with apnea hypopnea index,BDI, and BAI scores.Conclusion: OSAS was found to have a different effect on each subcomponents of cognitivefunction. Furthermore, it was determined that many negative factors caused by OSAS mayplay a role in cognitive involvement in OSAS. Further studies are warranted to shed light onthe ethiopathogenesis of this subject